scholarly journals Comparison of Methods for the Estimation of the Maximum Oxygen Uptake of Men Drug Addicts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Haonan Jiang ◽  
Tingran Zhang ◽  
Lian Yin ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Step Index

Background: Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) is an important respiratory physiological index of the aerobic endurance of the body, especially for special groups such as drug addicts, and it is an important indicator for assessing the cardiopulmonary function and formulating exercise prescriptions. Although the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) is a classic method to directly measure VO2max, this method is limited by factors such as cumbersome operating procedures and expensive equipment, resulting in its relatively low applicability. Recently, many studies have begun to focus on the estimation of VO2max in different groups of people, but few studies have focused on drug addicts.Methods: Fifteen chemically synthesized drug addicts (such as amphetamines) and Fifteen plant-derived drug addicts (such as heroin) were recruited at the Chongqing Compulsory Isolation and Drug Rehabilitation Center in China. First, the VO2max of subjects was directly measured through the CPX. Second, after subjects were fully rested, they were required to complete the 30-s high-leg raise, 1,000-m walk, and 3-min step experiment. Finally, SPSS 21.0 software was used to perform the correlation and linear regression analysis to verify the estimated effectiveness.Results: (1) Regardless of chemically synthesized or natural plant-derived drug addicts, the years of drug use and walking time of 1,000 m were significantly negatively correlated with VO2max (chemically synthesized: P < 0.01 and natural plant-derived: P < 0.05), the number of 30-s high-leg raises was a significantly positive correlation with VO2max (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), and the 3-min step index was significantly positively correlated with VO2max (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01). (2) Regression analysis shows that the 30-s high-leg lift, 1,000-m walking, and 3-min step experiment could effectively estimate the VO2max of chemically synthesized and natural plant-derived drug addicts. (3) Multiple linear regression constructed by the years of drug use combined with the step index has the highest estimated accuracy for the VO2max of chemically synthesized drug addicts (96.48%), while the unary regression equation established by a single step index has the highest prediction accuracy for the VO2max of natural plant-derived addicts (94.30%).Conclusion: The indirect measurement method could effectively estimate the VO2max of drug addicts, but different measurement methods have certain differences in the estimation accuracy of VO2max of different drug addicts. In the future, the physical characteristics of drug users can be fully considered, combined with more cutting-edge science and technology, to make the estimation accuracy of VO2max closer to the real level.

Reliability of the Visually Identified Ventilatory Threshold and V-Slope in Children

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha G. Fawkner ◽  
Neil Armstrong ◽  
David J. Childs ◽  
Joanne R. Welsman
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Similar Test ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Slope Method

The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of the ventilatory threshold using visual analysis (TVent) and a computerised v-slope method (TV - slope) with children. Twenty-two children completed 2 ramp incremental cycling tests to voluntary exhaustion. Oxygen uptake (V̇O2) at TVent was derived independently by two observers using plots of V̇E/V̇CO2, V̇E/V̇O2, PETO2 and PETCO2, V̇E and RER as a function of time. V̇O2 at TV - slope was determined by both observers using linear regression analysis of the plot of V̇CO2 against V̇O2. A TV – slope was determined for each test, although a TVent could not be found by one of the observers in 7 of the 44 tests. Inter-observer reliability was slightly better for TV - slope, and both methods had similar test-retest coefficients of repeatability (0.19 and 0.22 L • min−1, TVent and TV - slope, respectively). Although TV slope may be the method of choice, investigators should consider the 95% limits of agreement when interpreting their data.

Effect of postprandial thermogenesis on the cutaneous vasodilatory response during exercise

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 920-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Hayashi ◽  
Nozomi Ito ◽  
Yoko Ichikawa ◽  
Yuichi Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Cutaneous Vasodilation ◽  
Vasodilatory Response ◽  
Postprandial Thermogenesis

To examine the effect of postprandial thermogenesis on the cutaneous vasodilatory response, 10 healthy male subjects exercised for 30 min on a cycle ergometer at 50% of peak oxygen uptake, with and without food intake. Mean skin temperature, mean body temperature ([Formula: see text]), heart rate, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide elimination, and respiratory quotient were all significantly higher at baseline in the session with food intake than in the session without food intake. To evaluate the cutaneous vasodilatory response, relative laser Doppler flowmetry values were plotted against esophageal temperature (Tes) and [Formula: see text]. Regression analysis revealed that the [Formula: see text] threshold for cutaneous vasodilation tended to be higher with food intake than without it, but there were no significant differences in the sensitivity. To clarify the effect of postprandial thermogenesis on the threshold for cutaneous vasodilation, the between-session difference in the Tes threshold and the [Formula: see text] threshold were plotted against the between-session difference in baseline Tes and baseline [Formula: see text], respectively. Linear regression analysis of the resultant plot showed significant positive linear relationships (Tes: r = 0.85, P < 0.01; [Formula: see text]: r = 0.67, P < 0.05). These results suggest that postprandial thermogenesis increases baseline body temperature, which raises the body temperature threshold for cutaneous vasodilation during exercise.

Regression Analysis Based Software Effort Estimation Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 807-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Yücalar ◽  
Deniz Kilinc ◽  
Emin Borandag ◽  
Akin Ozcift
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Software Effort Estimation

Estimating the development effort of a software project in the early stages of the software life cycle is a significant task. Accurate estimates help project managers to overcome the problems regarding budget and time overruns. This paper proposes a new multiple linear regression analysis based effort estimation method, which has brought a different perspective to the software effort estimation methods and increased the success of software effort estimation processes. The proposed method is compared with standard Use Case Point (UCP) method, which is a well-known method in this area, and simple linear regression based effort estimation method developed by Nassif et al. In order to evaluate and compare the proposed method, the data of 10 software projects developed by four well-established software companies in Turkey were collected and datasets were created. When effort estimations obtained from datasets and actual efforts spent to complete the projects are compared with each other, it has been observed that the proposed method has higher effort estimation accuracy compared to the other methods.

scholarly journals The Effect of Automotive Seat Cushion Stiffness Distribution on the Subjective Comfort

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S6) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Comfort Evaluation ◽  
Selection Of Variables ◽  
Stiffness Distribution

When body pressures are concentrated, sense of fatigue is increased. To confirm this, correlation analysis between the difference in stiffness of seat and comfort using multiple linear regression analysis has been conducted. For the selected three types of seats which are small-, mid-, and large-size seats, respectively, static tests were con-ducted to measure the distribution of the subject's body pressure on the cushion, through which local stiffness distribution were derived. Also, a subjective comfort evaluation was conducted, and analyzed. According to the present analysis results, the correlation coefficients between stiff-ness of hip area and comfort of hip area were observed to be 0.713 and 0.789, respectively, indicating a strong positive correlation. Thus, the comfort of seat perceived by the driver could be seen to have the largest linear correlation with the stiffness of hip area. Selection of variables for the multiple linear regression analysis was implemented by a backward removal method. Differences of stiffness by areas were selected as independent variables, and subjective comfort evaluation results were selected as dependent variables. According to multiple regression analysis, the comfort of the cushion increased when the left and right balance of the stiffness distribution was maintained even if the body pressure distribution of the hip area was concentrated on one side. According to the analysis results, the stiffness of hip area could be seen to have the greatest linear relationship with the overall satisfaction of comfort, in which comfort is planned to be confirmed by actual production of seats

scholarly journals Factors of Negative Affect in Elderly Patients With Substance Use Disorders During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianjin Wang ◽  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Jinsong Zuo ◽  
Yanan Zhou ◽  
Winson Fu Zun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews

Background: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become the greatest public health emergency and has attracted global attention. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the negative affect (NA) of elderly patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) has also become a more serious public concern. The current study aims to clarify the NA and its influencing factors in elderly patients with SUDs during the pandemic.Methods: Two psychiatrists conducted semi-structured interviews with 77 SUD patients aged above 50 years to collect their demographical information and certain drug use characteristics. Barratt Impulse Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale were used to obtain information about patients' self-reported impulsivity and NA.Results: Univariate linear regression analysis showed that NA was positively correlated with the frequency of drug use, type of SUDs, cravings during COVID-19, and impulsivity. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that being female, higher frequency of drug use, stronger cravings, and greater impulsiveness jointly accounted for the variation of NA in elderly patients with SUDs.Conclusions: This study confirmed that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, gender, frequency of drug use, cravings, and impulsivity were associated with NA in elderly patients with SUDs. This study provided a theoretical basis for clinicians to reduce the patients' NA.

Cardiorespiratory Effects of Weight Reduction by Exercise in Middle-Aged Women with Obesity

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Katoh ◽  
Y Hara ◽  
K Narutaki
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Exercise Period

The cardiorespiratory responses to weight reduction due to physical exercise were examined in fourteen women with obesity, aged 36 to 67 years (Body Mass Index, 32.4 ± 1.4 kg/m2). The patients were instructed to exercise at approximately 60% of maximum oxygen uptake for 2 h every day for approximately 3 months. To evaluate physical strength, a graded cycling exercise test was performed both before and after the exercise period, monitoring gas exchange, ventilation, and heart rate. After the exercise period the body mass index and percentage fat both decreased by 11% and 18%, respectively ( P < 0.001), although lean body mass did not change; maximum oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate did not change significantly, but peak ventilation equivalent, maximum metabolic equivalent and maximum load increased by 12%, 14% and 11%, respectively ( P < 0.05, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Maximum oxygen uptake per unit body weight increased by 5% ( P < 0.001). These results suggest that weight reduction as a result of exercise improves cardiorespiratory function in middle-aged women with obesity.

scholarly journals A Correlational Study between 5-minute Run Test and Incremental Treadmill Run Test in Assessing Aerobic Capacity

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Allison Ka Yee WONG ◽  
Lobo H. LOUIE
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Run Test ◽  
The Relationship

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the 5-minute run test and the incremental treadmill run test in assessing aerobic capacity. Twenty subjects participated in this study. The maximum oxygen uptake was estimated by the 5-minute run test and directly measured by the incremental treadmill run test. Correlations were computed by the SPSS Pearson procedures. Linear regression analysis was utilized to predict the 5-minute run test scores based upon the incremental treadmill run test results in determining maximum oxygen uptake. Significant relationship was found between two tests in assessing maximum oxygen uptake. Simple linear regression showed that running velocity in 5-minute run was a significant predictor for maximum oxygen uptake measured in the incremental treadmill run test. To conclude, the 5-minute run test was valuable to predict maximum oxygen uptake.本文旨在探討兩種評估有氧能力的測試：「五分鐘跑測試」和「遞增負荷跑台測試」之關係。是次研究共有二十位受試者參與，在實驗室進行遞增負荷跑台運動測量其標準的最大攝氧量，用「五分鐘跑測試」來推測和評估其最大攝氧量，所得的資料以相關和直線回歸法分析，從而探求「五分鐘跑測試」和「遞增負荷跑台測試」之關係。研究結果顯示兩種評估有氧能力的測試有密切的關係；此外，研究員利用五分鐘平均跑速推算出最大攝氧量的回歸方程。

scholarly journals Implementation Of The Evaluation Of The Volume Of Maximum Oxygen Uptake (Vo2 Max) Athletes Koni Rokan Hulu

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ridwan Sinurat
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Intensity Maximum ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Maximum Value

The quality of maximum oxygen volume (VO2max) for athletes is important for an athlete's performance. VO2Max is the maximum volume of oxygen that can be used per minute. The maximum amount of oxygen consumed per unit time by a person during exercise or tests, with training progressively heavier until exhaustion, is called VO2Max. The Vo2Max Direct examination is the most accurate test in determining the level of heart and lung fitness in performing physical activities with maximum intensity. Maximum oxygen uptake (Vo2max) is defined as the maximum value at which oxygen can still be taken, distributed, and used by the body when the intensity of physical activity reaches its maximum. This service method provides material on the importance of evaluating physical conditions, especially Vo2max to athletes. This service aims to help the Indonesian National Sports Committee (KONI) Rokan Hulu Regency to find out the fitness of athletes from several sports as seen from VO2 Max. The method used in this service is that all athletes follow the service's direction about the importance of VO2 Max and perform a Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). The results of this dedication by the athletes and management of KONI understand the importance of VO2 Max and the results of the MFT test, only a few athletes in good and other categories are sufficient and low.

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