scholarly journals Autoregulation in Resistance Training for Lower Limb Tendinopathy: A Potential Method for Addressing Individual Factors, Intervention Issues, and Inadequate Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Burton
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Training Protocols

Musculoskeletal disorders, such as tendinopathy, are placing an increasing burden on society and health systems. Tendinopathy accounts for up to 30% of musculoskeletal disorders, with a high incidence in athletes and the general population. Although resistance training has shown short-term effectiveness in the treatment of lower limb tendinopathy, more comprehensive exercise protocols and progression methods are required due to poor long-term outcomes. The most common resistance training protocols are predetermined and standardized, which presents significant limitations. Current standardized protocols do not adhere to scientific resistance training principles, consider individual factors, or take the importance of individualized training into account. Resistance training programs in case of tendinopathy are currently not achieving the required intensity and dosage, leading to high recurrence rates. Therefore, better methods for individualizing and progressing resistance training are required to improve outcomes. One potential method is autoregulation, which allows individuals to progress training at their own rate, taking individual factors into account. Despite the finding of their effectiveness in increasing the strength of healthy athletes, autoregulation methods have not been investigated in case of tendinopathy. The purpose of this narrative review was 3-fold: firstly, to give an overview and a critical analysis of the individual factors involved in tendinopathy and current resistance training protocols and their limitations. Secondly, to give an overview of the history, methods, and application of autoregulation strategies both in sports performance and physiotherapy. Finally, a theoretical adaptation of a current tendinopathy resistance training protocol using autoregulation methods is presented, providing an example of how the method could be implemented in clinical practice or future research.

scholarly journals Autoregulation in Resistance Training for Lower Limb Tendinopathy: A Potential Method for Addressing Individual Factors, Intervention Issues and Inadequate Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Burton
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Training Protocols

Musculoskeletal disorders such as tendinopathy are having an increasing burden on society and health systems. Tendinopathy is responsible for up to 30% of musculoskeletal disorders, having a high incidence in athletes and the general population. Although resistance training has shown short-term effectiveness for treating lower limb tendinopathy, more comprehensive exercise protocols and progression methods are required due to poor long-term outcomes. The most common resistance training protocols are pre-determined and standardised, which presents significant limitations. Current standardized protocols do not adhere to scientific resistance training principles and do not consider individual factors or take the importance of individualised training into account. Resistance training programs in tendinopathy are currently not achieving required intensity and dosage, leading to high recurrence rates. Therefore, better methods for individualising and progressing resistance training are required to improve outcomes. One potential method is autoregulation, which allows individuals to progress training at their own rate, taking individual factors into account. Despite being found effective for increasing strength in healthy athletes, autoregulation methods have not been investigated in tendinopathy. The purpose of this article was threefold: first to give an overview of individual factors in tendinopathy and current resistance training protocols in tendinopathy and their limitations. Secondly, to give an overview of the history, methods and application of autoregulation strategies both in sports performance and physiotherapy. Finally, a theoretical adaptation of a tendinopathy resistance training protocol with autoregulation methods is presented, providing an example of how the method could be implemented in clinical practice or future research.

scholarly journals Resilience and disaster research

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-547
Author(s):  
Helena Bakić
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Individual

Disasters pose a significant threat to the long-term well-being of individuals, communities and societies. Therefore, studying resilience, defined as the process of maintaining and recovering psychological well-being after adversity, is crucial for disaster preparedness and mitigation. The aims of this paper are to summarize the historical context of resilience research, present the key concepts, discuss current measurement approaches and propose future research directions. Key determinants of resilience - risk, positive adaptation and resources - are discussed with the focus on studies of adults affected by disasters. This narrative review demonstrates that research up to date has focused mostly on finding the individual characteristics that predict the absence of psychopathology or mental health disorder symptoms, while other types of resources or dynamic relations between key aspects of resilience have been neglected. Future studies should aim to include multiple measurement points, high- and low-risk groups, long-term follow-up and broader perspectives on both psychological well-being and potential resources.

Sleep and pain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole K. Y. Tang ◽  
Esther F. Afolalu ◽  
Fatanah Ramlee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Pain and sleeplessness are two of the commonest reasons for primary care appointments. The prevalence of each problem alone is high, and to add to the complexity, pain and insomnia frequently co-occur, with pain interrupting sleep and pain being further aggravated following a poor night’s sleep. Sleep and pain management are increasingly recognized as important to public health. In particular, insomnia and chronic pain are long-term conditions that actively contribute to morbidity, disability, economic burden to society, and suffering to the individual and immediate family. This chapter examines the interrelationship between the two at the population level. Specifically, evidence from population-based studies regarding the co-occurrence and temporal link of pain and sleep is reviewed, with moderators and mediators of the relationship highlighted. Possible directions for future research and treatment development are also outlined.

Comorbidity of Depression and Conduct Disorder

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah M. Capaldi ◽  
Hyoun K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gender Similarities ◽  
The Individual

Both depression and conduct disorders are relatively prevalent and are related to poor long-term outcomes. Despite being characterized by very different symptoms, it is well established that these two disorders co-occur at higher rates than expected by chance, resulting in poorer adjustment for the individual than would result from either problem alone. The termcomorbidityis usually reserved to refer to the association of diagnosed disorders, whereasco-occurrencerefers more broadly to the association of levels of symptoms of conduct problems and depression, which are usually calculated with means or possibly symptoms counts. In the past two decades, researchers have focused particularly on the following issues regarding the comorbidity of depression and conduct disorder: (1) possible causal associations of the two problem behaviors (i.e., do depressive disorders tend to onset after conduct disorders or vice versa); (2) theory regarding causes of the association (i.e., common versus unique risk factors for these two problem behaviors); (3) changes across development (i.e., with age); (4) risks from diagnosed disorders versus symptoms that do not reach diagnostic criteria; (5) outcomes or prognosis (e.g., are outcomes more severe for co-occurring problems than for either problem alone, are there distinct patterns of outcomes associated with co-occurring problems). Within each of these areas there is considerable interest in moderation of effects by gender or gender similarities and differences. This chapter reviews findings pertaining to these issues and presents suggestions for future research. In addition, assessment approaches and clinical implications are discussed.

Untangling the Racialization of Disabilities

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo J. Artiles
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Individual Structure ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Disability Categories ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sizable Number

AbstractThis article advances an intersectional perspective in the analysis of racial inequities in special education so that theoretical refinement of this problem will strengthen educational equity research and theory. Racial disproportionality in some disability categories continues to affect a sizable number of students in the United States, with dire long-term consequences for the educational trajectories of these learners. After more than four decades, the problem continues to be debated in research, practice, and policy circles. There is consensus among researchers that the racialization of disability embodies complexities that defy linear explanations. But this debate has overlooked the potential of intersectionality to document complexity and to transcend the individual-structure binary that tends to permeate previous scholarship. Indeed, intersectionality's explicit attention to how the complexity of people's everyday experiences is connected to larger historical processes could offer key insights. I analyze how disproportionality research has addressed the intersections of race and disability (along with other markers of oppression) through a contrapuntal reading of works framed with medical, social, and cultural disability models. I conclude with reflections for future research on racial disparities in special education that is mindful of intersectional complexity.

scholarly journals An ideological analysis of sustainable careers: identifying the role of fantasy and a way forward

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Matthijs Bal ◽  
Lee Matthews ◽  
Edina Dóci ◽  
Lucy P. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
The Individual

PurposeScholarly and general interest in sustainable careers is flourishing. Sustainable careers are focused on the long-term opportunities and experiences of workers across dynamic employment situations, and are characterized by flexibility, meaning and individual agency. The current paper analyzes and challenges the underlying ideological assumptions of how sustainable careers are conceptualized and advocates the inclusion of the ecological meaning of sustainability and the notion of dignity into the sustainable careers concept.Design/methodology/approachUsing Slavoj Žižek's (1989, 2001) conceptualization of ideology as fantasy-construction, the authors explore how the use of sustainable careers is influenced by fantasies about the contemporary workplace and the role of the individual in the workplace. This is a conceptual method.FindingsThe authors argue that the concept of sustainable careers is grounded in the neoliberal fantasy of the individual. The paper concludes by presenting an alternative concept of sustainable careers grounded in a dignity-perspective on sustainability, which offers an alternative theoretical understanding of sustainable careers in the contemporary workplace, sharpening its contours and usefulness in theorizing careers.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to systematically analyze the use and conceptualization of sustainable careers in the literate and to expose the ideological underpinnings of the concept. Propositions are developed to be explored by future research.

scholarly journals Reporting of exercise descriptors and variables in resistance training interventions for lower limb tendinopathy: Protocol for a scoping review applying the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template and Toigo and Boutellier Framework.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Burton
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Current Resistance

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders have a significant global burden, with tendinopathies of the lower limb having a high prevalence. Although the use of resistance training interventions as treatment for tendinopathies has become widespread, the reporting and description of these interventions is often poor, preventing translation to clinical practice. Specific exercise description and intervention variables must be reported in order to translate research findings into clinical practice. This scoping review aims to summarise reporting of current resistance training interventions as assessed by the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template and Toigo and Boutellier Framework.Methods and analysis: The recommended methodological framework described by the Joanna Briggs Institute will be used to structure this review, with reporting in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR. Databases to be searched include MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, EMBase, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane library (Controlled trials, Systematic reviews), JBI Evidence Synthesis, and five trial registries. Two independent reviewers will screen studies at title/abstract and full text. Following screening, data will be extracted and charted, then presented as figures and table alongside a narrative synthesis. Dissemination: This scoping review will evaluate current resistance training exercise descriptors and program variables in lower limb tendinopathy using recommended frameworks for the first time in the literature. The results will allow dissemination of the parameters of research exercise interventions to clinical practitioners through peer-reviewed publication and social media outlets, allowing implementation in clinical practice. The review will also outline future research and exercise reporting needs within tendinopathy resistance training interventions.

Overuse syndrome of the hand and wrist in musicians: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-642
Author(s):  
Julia Betzl ◽  
Ursula Kraneburg ◽  
Kai Megerle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Overuse Syndrome ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Medical Publication

We systematically searched medical publication databases for articles in English on upper extremity overuse syndrome in musicians. We focused on non-specific pain disorders, including diagnostic definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, symptoms, treatment, and prevention. We included 42 out of 156 identified articles. The point prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders ranges from 37% to 47% in musicians with the hand and wrist among the most commonly affected areas, and the lifetime prevalence is reported as high as 89%. Leading symptoms are pain, weakness, stiffness, and loss of control. Intense repetitive use during practice, or before an audition or concert, recent changes in conductors or teachers, psychological stress, the effort of holding a weighty instrument, wrong technique, and joint laxity have all been identified as risk factors. The need for prevention is highlighted. Today’s therapy is mostly based on individual rehabilitation programmes rather than on long-term rest. However, treatment remains predominantly based on beliefs rather than on evidence. The entire subject needs intensive future research.

scholarly journals Beyond brood: the potential impacts of insect growth disruptors on the long-term health and performance of honey bee colonies

Apidologie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia D. Fine ◽  
Vanessa Corby-Harris
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Insect Development ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Critical Aspects

AbstractHoney bees are valued pollinators of agricultural crops, and heavy losses reported by beekeepers have spurred efforts to identify causes. As social insects, threats to honey bees should be assessed by evaluating the effects of stress on the long-term health and productivity of the entire colony. Insect growth disruptors are a class of pesticides encountered by honey bees that target pathways involved in insect development, reproduction, and behavior, and they have been shown to affect critical aspects of all three in honey bees. Therefore, it is imperative that their risks to honey bees be thoroughly evaluated. This review describes the effects of insect growth disruptors on honey bees at the individual and colony levels, highlighting hazards associated with different chemistries, and addresses their potential impacts on the longevity of colonies. Finally, recommendations for the direction of future research to identify strategies to mitigate effects are prescribed.

scholarly journals Autoregulated Combined Resistance Training for Plantar Heel Pain in Athletes: Protocol for a Feasibility Prospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Burton
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Plantar Heel Pain ◽  
Type Of Exercise

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders such as tendinopathy are having an increasing burden on society and health systems. Plantar heel pain (PHP) is considered a tendinopathy and it affects up to 10% of the population, having a high incidence in running athletes. Although resistance training has shown short-term effectiveness for treating PHP, more comprehensive exercise protocols and progression methods are needed due to poor long-term outcomes. Combining heavy slow resistance training with other types of exercise, such as plyometric exercise could lead to superior outcomes. It is recommended that PHP not be treated by one exercise type in isolation. However, studies often use only one type of exercise, with there being a need to investigate feasibility and effectiveness of comprehensive exercise programs in PHP. Resistance training programs in PHP are currently not achieving required intensity and dosage, leading to high recurrence rates. Therefore, better methods for progressing resistance training are required to improve outcomes. One potential method is autoregulation, which allows individuals to progress at their own rate, taking individual factors into account. Despite being found effective in increasing strength in healthy athletes, autoregulation methods have not been investigated in tendinopathy. Methods: A feasibility cohort study investigating a comprehensive exercise program for PHP could test feasibility and acceptability, prior to conducting a larger-scale study. A feasibility study would also help to determine if specific autoregulation progression methods for resistance training is feasible and acceptable for use with PHP patients. Patients expectations, and views on feasibility and acceptability of different types of exercise as well as autoregulation progression methods for PHP are unknown. Therefore, the addition of qualitative interviews in a mixed methods format would help ascertain acceptability of these methods and exercise interventions for the first time and help explain the intervention outcomes, allowing for design of a larger-scale study to determine effectiveness.

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