scholarly journals Changes and Correlations of the Intestinal Flora and Liver Metabolite Profiles in Mice With Gallstones

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Wenqi Gao ◽  
Biao Ma ◽  
Dongbo Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Liver Metabolism ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Lithogenic Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

There is increasing appreciation for the roles of the gut-liver axis in liver and gall diseases. Specific gut microbes are associated with susceptibility to gallstone diseases, while the relationship between intestinal flora and liver metabolism in the formation of gallstones remains unclear. In this study, an experimental group of model mice was given a lithogenic diet, and a control group was given a normal diet. Both groups were fed for 8 weeks. Integrating 16S rRNA gene sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics to explore the impact of the lithogenic diet on intestinal flora and liver metabolism, Spearman correlation analysis reveals the network of relationships between the intestine and liver. Our findings showed that the gut microbiome and liver metabolome compositions of the test group were significantly changed compared with those of the normal group. Through our research, biomarkers of gallstones were identified at the phylum (5), class (5), order (5), family (7), and genus levels. We predicted the function of the differential flora. We analyzed the liver metabolism of mice with gallstones paired with their flora, and the results showed that there were 138 different metabolites between the two groups. The metabolic pathways enriched by these differential metabolites are highly consistent with the functions of the disordered flora. We focused on an analysis of the relationship between deoxycholic acid, asymmetric dimethylarginine, glucosamine, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, and the disordered flora. This provides a basis for the establishment of the intestine-liver axis in gallstone disease. This research provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of probiotics and prebiotics.

PCR-DGGE Analysis of Bacterial Diversity of Intestinal System in Hyperlipidemia Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 898-901
Author(s):  
Ri Na Wu ◽  
Xiao Meng Pang ◽  
Xi Yan Wang ◽  
Jun Rui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dgge Analysis ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of 16S rRNA gene has been regarded as one of powerful tools for gaining insight into the bacterial diversity of intestinal system. In the present study, hyperlipidemia model was constructed in rat according to the tests of blood lipids. Fecal samples of rats were collected after 60d feeding, and DGGE was used to investigate the diversities of intestinal bacteria in the artificially-induced hyperlipidemia rats and normal rats. The results showed that two patterns had similarities, but there were also some different bacteria communities. Moreover, control group had much more bands than model group on gel, showing species in intestinal of model rats might be deduced by hyperlipidemia. It will be helpful to explore the relationship between hyperlipidemia and intestinal flora.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Attendance Modality on the Learning Performance of a Course on Machines and Mechanisms Theory

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
David Valiente ◽  
Héctor Campello-Vicente ◽  
Emilio Velasco-Sánchez ◽  
Fernando Rodríguez-Mas ◽  
Nuria Campillo-Davo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Group Testing ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Team Work ◽  
University Education ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Impact

University education approaches related to the field of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), have generally particularized on teaching activity and learning programs which are commonly understood as reoriented lessons that fuse theoretic concepts interweaved with practical activities. In this context, team work has been widely acknowledged as a means to conduct practical and hands-on lessons, and has been revealed to be successful in the achievement of exercise resolution and design tasks. Besides this, methodologies sustained by ICT resources such as online or blended approaches, have also reported numerous benefits for students’ active learning. However, such benefits have to be fully validated within the particular teaching context, which may facilitate student achievement to a greater or lesser extent. In this work, we analyze the impact of attendance modalities on the learning performance of a STEM-related course on “Machines and Mechanisms Theory”, in which practical lessons are tackled through a team work approach. The validity of the results is reinforced by group testing and statistical tests with a sample of 128 participants. Students were arranged in a test group (online attendance) and in a control group (face-to-face attendance) to proceed with team work during the practical lessons. Thus, the efficacy of distance and in situ methodologies is compared. Moreover, additional variables have also been compared according to the historical record of the course, in regards to previous academic years. Finally, students’ insights about the collaborative side of this program, self-knowledge and satisfaction with the proposal have also been reported by a custom questionnaire. The results demonstrate greater performance and satisfaction amongst participants in the face-to-face modality. Such a modality is prooven to be statistically significant for the final achievement of students in detriment to online attendance.

Quantitative analysis of mitral annulus morphology in aortic stenosis using real time 3-dimentional transesophageal echocardiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Suzuki ◽  
Y Nakano ◽  
H Ohashi ◽  
H Ando ◽  
K Waseda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Transesophageal Echocardiography ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Saddle Shape

Abstract Background Normal mitral annulus morphology is known to be saddle shape. There are a few reports regarding the relationship between flattening of the mitral annular saddle shape and mitral regurgitation. However, the relationship between aortic stenosis (AS) and mitral annulus morphology is unknown. Purpose To assess the impact of AS on mitral annular saddle shape using 3-dimentional transesophageal echocardiography. Methods A total of consecutive 83 subjects including 44 patients with severe AS (AS group) and 39 patients without AS (control group), who underwent real-time 3-dimentional transesophageal echocardiography of the mitral valve, were enrolled. The 3-dimentional geometry of the mitral annulus apparatus was evaluated by the parameters analyzed using dedicated quantification software such as anteroposterior diameter (APD), commissural width (CW), annular height (AH), mitral annulus (MA) area and annular height to commissural width ratio (AHCWR) as shown in Figure. We assessed the impact of severe AS on AHCWR, which is the key parameter showing flattening of the mitral annular saddle shape. These parameters were adjusted by body surface area (BSA). Exclusion criteria included left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, the presence of aortic regurgitation, mitral valve disease, pericardial or congenital diseases, endocarditis, cardiomyopathy, prior myocardial infarction, and paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation. Results Comparisons of mitral valve geometry between AS group and control group are summarized in Table. AH/BSA and AHCWR were significantly lower in AS group compared with control group. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed severe AS to be a significant and independent predictor of lowering AHCWR (β=−0.39, t=−4.04, p<0.001) (adjusted with MA area, selected by stepwise analysis). Conclusions Severe AS might contribute to flattening of the mitral annular saddle shape, lead to the mitral annular structural remodeling. Assessment of the mitral annulus morphology might help evaluating severe AS. Mitral annulus 3-dimensional geometry Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Improved adherence with Medicines Use Review service in Slovenia: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Urška Nabergoj Makovec ◽  
Igor Locatelli ◽  
Mitja Kos
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adherence Support ◽  
Medicines Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medicines Use Review

Abstract Background Based on several existing patient-oriented activities, Medicines Use Review (MUR) service was standardized and officially adopted in Slovenia in 2015. Service aims to provide adherence support and ensure safe and effective medicines use. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the benefits of MUR in Slovenia, primarily the impact on medication adherence. Methods A randomised controlled trial was performed in community pharmacies to compare MUR with standard care. Patients were randomised into either the test (patients received MUR by a certified MUR provider at visit 1), or control group. The study primary outcome was self-reported adherence to multiple medications, assessed by electronic ©Morisky Widget MMAS-8 Software at the first visit (V1) and after 12 weeks (V2). A sub-analysis of intentional and unintentional non-adherence was performed. MUR impact was defined as the relative difference in ©MMAS-8 score after 12 weeks between the test and control group. A multiple linear regression model was used to predict MUR impact based on baseline adherence (low versus medium and high). Several secondary outcomes (e.g. evaluation of drug-related problems (DRPs)) were also assessed. Results Data from 153 (V1) and 140 (V2) patients were analysed. Baseline adherence was low, moderate and high in 17.6, 48.4 and 34.0% patients, respectively. In the low adherence subpopulation, test group patients showed a 1.20 point (95% CI = 0.16–2.25) increase in total ©MMAS-8 score (p = 0.025) compared to control group patients. A 0.84 point (95% CI = 0.05–1.63) increase was due to intentional non-adherence (p = 0.038), and a 0.36 point (95% CI = − 0.23-0.95) was due to unintentional non-adherence (p = 0.226). Additionally, statistically significant decrease in the proportion of patients with manifested DRPs (p < 0.001) and concerns regarding chronic medicines use (p = 0.029) were revealed. Conclusion MUR service in Slovenia improves low medication adherence and is effective in addressing DRPs and concerns regarding chronic medicines use. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov - NCT04417400; 4th June 2020; retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Potential Mechanisms in Bupleurum L. (Apiaceae) Induced by Three Levels of Nitrogen Fertilization

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2291
Author(s):  
Jialin Sun ◽  
Weinan Li ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Yun Guo ◽  
Zejia Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Nitrogen Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Bupleurum (Apiaceae) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. Although roots are the only used parts in China, other countries use the whole plant. The yield and quality of Bupleurum depend mainly on fertilizers, especially nitrogen. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between the nitrogen fertilization level and the quality and metabolomic response of different parts (flowers, main shoots, lateral shoots and roots) of Bupleurum to three nitrogen fertilization levels (control group: 0 kg·ha−1; low-nitrogen group: 55 kg·ha−1; high-nitrogen group: 110 kg·ha−1). The results showed that a high nitrogen level increases Bupleurum yield and quality parameters only in aerial parts, especially flowers, but has no significant effect on roots. The HPLC method was exploited for simultaneous quantification of three saikosaponins (A, C and D), which are the main bioactive components in the plant. It was found that the total content of saikosaponins decreased with high nitrogen fertilization in roots but significantly increased in flowers. Moreover, nitrogen fertilizer promoted the content of saikosaponin A but inhibited saikosaponins C and saikosaponins D in most parts of the plant. To study the response of primary metabolites, we adopted gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC−MS) analysis; 84 metabolites were identified that were mostly up-regulated with a high nitrogen level in flowers but down-regulated in roots. Four differential metabolites—D-fructose, lactose, ether and glycerol—were recognized as key metabolites in Bupleurum under nitrogen fertilization. Meanwhile, The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results explained that the impact of nitrogen fertilization on Bupleurum was attributed to the C-metabolism, N-metabolism, and lipids metabolism. This research put forward new insights into potential mechanisms and the relationship between the quality and yield of Bupleurum and nitrogen fertilization.

scholarly journals The Impact of Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse on the Bond Strength of Polycarbonate Orthodontic Brackets

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukumaran Anil ◽  
Farouk Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim Hashem ◽  
Elna P Chalisserry
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of the current in-vivo study was to assess the effect of using 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouth rinse, before bonding, on shear bond strength of polycarbonate brackets bonded with composite adhesive. Subjects and methods Eighteen orthodontic patients with a mean age 21.41 ± 1.2 years, who were scheduled to have 2 or more first premolars extracted, were included in this study. Patients were referred for an oral prophylaxis program which included, in part, the use of a mouth rinse. Patients were divided into 2 groups, a test group of 9 patients who used 0.12% CHX gluconate mouth rinse twice daily and a control group of 9 patients who used a mouth rinse without CHX, but with same color. After 1 week, polycarbonate brackets were bonded to first premolars with Transbond XT composite adhesive. Premolars were extracted after 28 days and tested for shear bond strength on a universal testing machine. Student's t-test was used to compare shear bond strengths of both groups. Results No statistically significant difference was found in bond strengths’ values between both groups. The test group (with CHX) has mean shear bond strength of 14.21 ± 2.42 MPa whereas the control group (without CHX) revealed a mean strength of 14.52 ± 2.31 MPa. Conclusion The use of 0.12% CHX mouth rinse, for one week before bonding, did not affect the shear bond strength of polycarbonate brackets bonded with Transbond composite. Furthermore, these brackets showed clinically acceptable bond strength. How to cite this article Hussein FA, Hashem MI, Chalisserry EP, Anil S. The Impact of Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse on the Bond Strength of Polycarbonate Orthodontic Brackets. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):688-692.

scholarly journals From Dependence to Independence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Azura Mokhtar ◽  
Shaheen Majid ◽  
Schubert Foo
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Mediated Learning ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Information Skills ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Library Skills ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although it is widely believed that information literacy (IL) competencies are useful in helping students perform better in their schoolwork and beyond, limited empirical evidence is available showing the relationship between IL competencies and IL education. While a lot of research has been done worldwide and most of the findings have proven that IL is a much-needed skill by students, little research has been conducted on IL teaching approaches or what is termed IL pedagogy. To date, studies on IL have mainly focused only on students’ information skills per se, on library skills or on ICT education. None of these studies has assessed the different approaches to IL education. This paper provides an overview of a research study that investigates the impact of an IL teaching approach in the form of personalised coaching, which is grounded in the pedagogy known as mediated learning, on students’ level and applicability of IL competencies. Through the application of a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control-group design, as well as student responses in the post-experiment semi-structured group interviews, it was found that personalised coaching (or mediated learning) helps students perform better in the learning and application of IL competencies.

scholarly journals Efficiency of zeolite basis preparation in fattening lambs diet

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stojkovic ◽  
Z. Ilic ◽  
S. Ciric ◽  
B. Ristanovic ◽  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
At Will

The paper presents the results of a research on the impact of products based on natural zeolite on the production results of fattening lambs. The experiment involved two groups of lambs (the control - C and experimental - E groups), each consisting of 15 heads, for a period of 90 days. The meal was made from sheep milk, feed mixtures for fattening lambs and meadow hay. The test group lambs, unlike the ones from the control group, were given mixtures based on natural zeolite. Min-a-Zel S mixture (in the form of 25% composite) was fed to lambs from birth till their 14th day of life, directly into the mouth, once a day (before the morning feed), in the amount of 10 ml. Min-a-Zel Plus was given to them from their 15th day of life, together with the feed mixture (0.5%). Feeding was at will. The average weight of lambs at the end of the experiment, in accordance with the sequence of treatments (C:E) was 24.40:26.94 kg (P <0.01). Daily weight gain of lambs, during the experiment, was 229:256 g and in the experimental group it was by 27g or 11.79% higher (P <0.01). The test group lambs had a better utilization of dry matter, protein and energy, which justifies the use of products based on natural zeolite in fattening lambs.

scholarly journals Initial CT blend sign is not associated with poor outcome in patients following stereotactic minimally invasive surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Yang ◽  
Yan Zhu ◽  
Linshan Zhang ◽  
Likun Wang ◽  
Yuanhong Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Invasive Surgery ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haematoma Expansion ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The initial computed tomography (CT) blend sign has been used as an imaging marker to predict haematoma expansion and poor outcomes in patients with a small volume intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). However, the relationship between the blend sign and outcomes remains elusive. The present study aimed to retrospectively measure the impact of initial CT blend signs on short-term outcomes in patients with hypertensive ICH who underwent stereotactic minimally invasive surgery (sMIS). Methods: We enrolled 242 patients with spontaneous ICH. Based on the initial CT features, the patients were assigned to a blend sign group (91 patients) or a nonblend sign (control) group (151 patients). The NIHSS, GCS and mRS were used to measure the effects of sMIS. The rates of severe pulmonary infection and cardiac complications were also compared between the two groups. Results: No significant differences in NIHSS and GCS scores were observed between the two groups. The proportion of patients with good outcomes during follow-up was not different between the two groups. The rate of rehaemorrhaging increased in the blend sign group. No significant differences in severe pulmonary infections and cardiac complications were noted between the two groups. Conclusions: The initial CT blend sign was not associated with poor outcomes in patients with hypertensive ICH who underwent sMIS. ICH patients with CT blend signs should undergo sMIS if they are suitable candidates for surgery.

Prevalence of ADHD in children born by mothers consuming Frankincense during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alimohammad Ranjbar ◽  
Elahe Kamali Ardakani ◽  
Rahele Zareshahi
Keyword(s):  
Data Gathering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Positive Effect

Aims: In Iranian culture, due to some narratives from the prophet Mohammad about the use of frankincense during pregnancy for increasing IQ in children, some women consume frankincense during expectancy. This study's goal is to evaluate the relationship between frankincense used during pregnancy and the incidence of ADHD. Methods: In this study, the case group comprised children 4-17 years old referring to Shahid Chamran Pharmacy in Yazd from summer to winter 2018 for receiving Methylphenidate, those with whom a psychologist had identified ADHD based on DSM-V factors.  The control group included children of the same age group but without ADHD. For data gathering, a checklist was used with some questions on smoking, family history of ADHD, presence/absence of a specific disease during pregnancy, frankincense used during pregnancy, and a chemical medication consumed during pregnancy. Results: The main result demonstrated that the children whose mothers used frankincense during pregnancy were 0.67 times less likely to be affected by ADHD than those whose mothers did not use this substance. However, the difference failed to be statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Some studies report that frankincense can bear a positive effect on the development of the brain and possibly adequate formation of dendrites trees, axons and induce proper communication between them, so the impact of frankincense on the brain may be justified by its protective effect against the hyperactive child.

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