scholarly journals NRT1.1 Dual-Affinity Nitrate Transport/Signalling and its Roles in Plant Abiotic Stress Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhi Fang ◽  
Shu Qin Fang ◽  
Zheng Qian Ye ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Ke Li Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress ◽  
Nitrate Signalling

NRT1.1 is the first nitrate transport protein cloned in plants and has both high- and low-affinity functions. It imports and senses nitrate, which is modulated by the phosphorylation on Thr101 (T101). Structural studies have revealed that the phosphorylation of T101 either induces dimer decoupling or increases structural flexibility within the membrane, thereby switching the NRT1.1 protein from a low- to high-affinity state. Further studies on the adaptive regulation of NRT1.1 in fluctuating nitrate conditions have shown that, at low nitrate concentrations, nitrate binding only at the high-affinity monomer initiates NRT1.1 dimer decoupling and priming of the T101 site for phosphorylation activated by CIPK23, which functions as a high-affinity nitrate transceptor. However, nitrate binding in both monomers retains the unmodified NRT1.1, maintaining the low-affinity mode. This NRT1.1-mediated nitrate signalling and transport may provide a key to improving the efficiency of plant nitrogen use. However, recent studies have revealed that NRT1.1 is extensively involved in plant tolerance of several adverse environmental conditions. In this context, we summarise the recent progress in the molecular mechanisms of NRT1.1 dual-affinity nitrate transport/signalling and focus on its expected and unexpected roles in plant abiotic stress resistance and their regulation processes.

scholarly journals The Expected and Unexpected Roles of Nitrate Transporters in Plant Abiotic Stress Resistance and Their Regulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Bin Zhang ◽  
Shuan Meng ◽  
Ji-Ming Gong
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Nitrate Transporters ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

Nitrate transporters are primarily responsible for absorption of nitrate from soil and nitrate translocation among different parts of plants. They deliver nitrate to where it is needed. However, recent studies have revealed that nitrate transporters are extensively involved in coping with adverse environmental conditions besides limited nitrate/nitrogen availability. In this review, we describe the functions of the nitrate transporters related to abiotic stresses and their regulation. The expected and unexpected roles of nitrate transporters in plant abiotic stress resistance will also be discussed.

scholarly journals To Fight or to Grow: The Balancing Role of Ethylene in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
David A. Bullock ◽  
Jose M. Alonso ◽  
Anna N. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

Plants often live in adverse environmental conditions and are exposed to various stresses, such as heat, cold, heavy metals, salt, radiation, poor lighting, nutrient deficiency, drought, or flooding. To adapt to unfavorable environments, plants have evolved specialized molecular mechanisms that serve to balance the trade-off between abiotic stress responses and growth. These mechanisms enable plants to continue to develop and reproduce even under adverse conditions. Ethylene, as a key growth regulator, is leveraged by plants to mitigate the negative effects of some of these stresses on plant development and growth. By cooperating with other hormones, such as jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), brassinosteroids (BR), auxin, gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA), and cytokinin (CK), ethylene triggers defense and survival mechanisms thereby coordinating plant growth and development in response to abiotic stresses. This review describes the crosstalk between ethylene and other plant hormones in tipping the balance between plant growth and abiotic stress responses.

Oxylipins and plant abiotic stress resistance

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Savchenko ◽  
O. M. Zastrijnaja ◽  
V. V. Klimov
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

Recent understanding on molecular mechanisms of plant abiotic stress response and tolerance.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Onaga ◽  
Kerstin Wydra
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Abiotic Stress Response ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of the recent significant perspectives on molecules involved in response and tolerance to drought and salinity, the 2 major abiotic stresses affecting crop production, and highlights major molecular components identified in major cereals.

scholarly journals Relationship between calcium decoding elements and plant abiotic-stress resistance

2008 ◽  
pp. 116-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Yi Song ◽  
Zheng-Bin Zhang ◽  
Hong-Bo Shao ◽  
Xiu-Lin Guo ◽  
Hong-Xing Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms in plant abiotic stress response

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palmiro Poltronieri ◽  
Stefania Bonsegna ◽  
Domenico de ◽  
Angelo Santino
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Abiotic Stress Response ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study uncovers new genetic loci and candidate genes underlying seed chilling-germination in maize

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11707
Author(s):  
Yinchao Zhang ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Yuxiao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Multiple Traits

As one of the major crops, maize (Zea mays L.) is mainly distributed in tropical and temperate regions. However, with the changes of the environments, chilling stress has become a significantly abiotic stress affecting seed germination and thus the reproductive and biomass accumulation of maize. Herein, we investigated five seed germination-related phenotypes among 300 inbred lines under low-temperature condition (10 °C). By combining 43,943 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), a total of 15 significant (P < 2.03 ×  10-6) SNPs were identified to correlate with seed germination under cold stress based on the FarmCPU model in GWAS, among which three loci were repeatedly associated with multiple traits. Ten gene models were closely linked to these three variations, among which Zm00001d010454, Zm00001d010458, Zm00001d010459, and Zm00001d050021 were further verified by candidate gene association study and expression pattern analysis. Importantly, these candidate genes were previously reported to involve plant tolerance to chilling stress and other abiotic stress. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying chilling germination in maize.

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNAs: emerging players regulating plant abiotic stress response and adaptation

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday Chand Jha ◽  
Harsh Nayyar ◽  
Rintu Jha ◽  
Muhammad Khurshid ◽  
Meiliang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Abiotic Stress Response ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

Abstract Background The immobile nature of plants means that they can be frequently confronted by various biotic and abiotic stresses during their lifecycle. Among the various abiotic stresses, water stress, temperature extremities, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity are the major abiotic stresses challenging overall plant growth. Plants have evolved complex molecular mechanisms to adapt under the given abiotic stresses. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)—a diverse class of RNAs that contain > 200 nucleotides(nt)—play an essential role in plant adaptation to various abiotic stresses. Results LncRNAs play a significant role as ‘biological regulators’ for various developmental processes and biotic and abiotic stress responses in animals and plants at the transcription, post-transcription, and epigenetic level, targeting various stress-responsive mRNAs, regulatory gene(s) encoding transcription factors, and numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate the expression of different genes. However, the mechanistic role of lncRNAs at the molecular level, and possible target gene(s) contributing to plant abiotic stress response and adaptation, remain largely unknown. Here, we review various types of lncRNAs found in different plant species, with a focus on understanding the complex molecular mechanisms that contribute to abiotic stress tolerance in plants. We start by discussing the biogenesis, type and function, phylogenetic relationships, and sequence conservation of lncRNAs. Next, we review the role of lncRNAs controlling various abiotic stresses, including drought, heat, cold, heavy metal toxicity, and nutrient deficiency, with relevant examples from various plant species. Lastly, we briefly discuss the various lncRNA databases and the role of bioinformatics for predicting the structural and functional annotation of novel lncRNAs. Conclusions Understanding the intricate molecular mechanisms of stress-responsive lncRNAs is in its infancy. The availability of a comprehensive atlas of lncRNAs across whole genomes in crop plants, coupled with a comprehensive understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms that regulate various abiotic stress responses, will enable us to use lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for tailoring abiotic stress-tolerant plants in the future.

scholarly journals Polyamines: Small Amines with Large Effects on Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2373
Author(s):  
Rubén Alcázar ◽  
Milagros Bueno ◽  
Antonio F. Tiburcio
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

In recent years, climate change has altered many ecosystems due to a combination of frequent droughts, irregular precipitation, increasingly salinized areas and high temperatures. These environmental changes have also caused a decline in crop yield worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need to fully understand the plant responses to abiotic stress and to apply the acquired knowledge to improve stress tolerance in crop plants. The accumulation of polyamines (PAs) in response to many abiotic stresses is one of the most remarkable plant metabolic responses. In this review, we provide an update about the most significant achievements improving plant tolerance to drought, salinity, low and high temperature stresses by exogenous application of PAs or genetic manipulation of endogenous PA levels. We also provide some clues about possible mechanisms underlying PA functions, as well as known cross-talks with other stress signaling pathways. Finally, we discuss about the possible use of PAs for seed priming to induce abiotic stress tolerance in agricultural valuable crop plants.

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