scholarly journals Physiological and Proteomic Analyses of Different Ecotypes of Reed (Phragmites communis) in Adaption to Natural Drought and Salinity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Li ◽  
Wen-Fang Lin ◽  
Zhi-Jun Shen ◽  
Hao Peng ◽  
Jia-Jie Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Phragmites Communis ◽  
Cellular Dehydration ◽  
Bundle Sheath Cells ◽  
Dune Reed ◽  
Swamp Reed ◽  
Salt Meadow

Drought and salinity are the two major abiotic stresses constraining the crop yield worldwide. Both of them trigger cellular dehydration and cause osmotic stress which leads to cytosolic and vacuolar volume reduction. However, whether plants share a similar tolerance mechanism in response to these two stresses under natural conditions has seldom been comparatively reported. There are three different ecotypes of reed within a 5 km2 region in the Badanjilin desert of Northwest China. Taking the typical swamp reed (SR) as a control, we performed a comparative study on the adaption mechanisms of the two terrestrial ecotypes: dune reed (DR) and heavy salt meadow reed (HSMR) by physiological and proteomic approaches coupled with bioinformatic analysis. The results showed that HSMR and DR have evolved C4-like photosynthetic and anatomical characteristics, such as the increased bundle sheath cells (BSCs) and chloroplasts in BSCs, higher density of veins, and lower density and aperture of stomata. In addition, the thylakoid membrane fluidity also plays an important role in their higher drought and salinity tolerance capability. The proteomic results further demonstrated that HSMR and DR facilitated the regulation of proteins associated with photosynthesis and energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, transcription and translation, and stress responses to well-adapt to the drought and salinity conditions. Overall, our results demonstrated that HSMR and DR shaped a similar adaption strategy from the structural and physiological levels to the molecular scale to ensure functionality in a harsh environment.

scholarly journals Identification of the Cytosolic Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Gene from Strawberry Involved in Cold Stress Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7322
Author(s):  
Yunting Zhang ◽  
Mengwen Luo ◽  
Lijuan Cheng ◽  
Yuanxiu Lin ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Dehydrogenase Gene ◽  
Plant Stress Responses ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) plays an important role in plant stress responses. Here, five FaG6PDH sequences were obtained in strawberry, designated as FaG6PDH-CY, FaG6PDH-P1, FaG6PDH-P1.1, FaG6PDH-P2 and FaG6PDH-P0, which were divided into cytosolic (CY) and plastidic (P) isoforms based on the bioinformatic analysis. The respective FaG6PDH genes had distinct expression patterns in all tissues and at different stages of fruit development. Notably, FaG6PDH-CY was the most highly expressed gene among five FaG6PDH members, indicating it encoded the major G6PDH isoform throughout the plant. FaG6PDH positively regulated cold tolerance in strawberry. Inhibition of its activity gave rise to greater cold-induced injury in plant. The FaG6PDH-CY transcript had a significant increase under cold stress, similar to the G6PDH enzyme activity, suggesting a principal participant in response to cold stress. Further study showed that the low-temperature responsiveness (LTR) element in FaG6PDH-CY promoter can promote the gene expression when plant encountered cold stimuli. Besides, FaG6PDH-CY was involved in regulating cold-induced activation of antioxidant enzyme genes (FaSOD, FaCAT, FaAPX and FaGR) and RBOH-dependent ROS generation. The elevated FaG6PDH-CY enhanced ROS-scavenging capability of antioxidant enzymes to suppress ROS excessive accumulation and relieved the oxidative damage, eventually improving the strawberry resistance to cold stress.

scholarly journals Seed-Specific Gene MOTHER of FT and TFL1（MFT） Involved in Embryogenesis, Hormones and Stress Responses in Dimocarpus longan Lour.

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukun Chen ◽  
Xiaoping Xu ◽  
Xiaohui Chen ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Zihao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Zygotic Embryo ◽  
Promoter Sequence ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Zygotic Embryogenesis ◽  
Dimocarpus Longan ◽  
Maturation Stages

Mother of FT and TFL1 (MFT) belongs to phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) family, which plays an important role in flowering time regulation, seed development, and germination. To gain insight into the molecular function of DlMFT in Dimocarpus longan Lour., we isolated DlMFT and its promoter sequence from longan embryogenic callus (EC). Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the promoter contained multiphytohormones and light responsive regulatory elements. Subcellular localization showed that the given the DlMFT signal localized in the nucleus, expression profiling implied that DlMFT showed significant upregulation during somatic embryogenesis (SE) and zygotic embryogenesis (ZE), and particular highly expressed in late or maturation stages. The accumulation of DlMFT was mainly detected in mature fruit and seed, while it was undetected in abortive seeds, and notably decreased during seed germination. DlMFT responded differentially to exogenous hormones in longan EC. Auxins, salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJa) suppressed its expression, however, abscisic acid (ABA), brassinosteroids (BR) showed the opposite function. Meanwhile, DlMFT differentially responded to various abiotic stresses. Our study revealed that DlMFT might be a key regulator of longan somatic and zygotic embryo development, and in seed germination, it is involved in complex plant hormones and abiotic stress signaling pathways.

Starch accumulation in bundle sheath chloroplasts during the leaf development of C3 and C4 plants of the Gramineae

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 880-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Miyake ◽  
Eizo Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Leaf Development ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Phragmites Communis ◽  
C3 And C4 Plants ◽  
Bundle Sheath Cells ◽  
Storage Starch

Nonphotosynthetic starch accumulation in chloroplasts is examined by light microscopy during the leaf development of several C3 and C4 grasses and compared between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. In Oryza sativa, Phragmites communis (C3 grasses), and Cynodon dactylon (C4 grass), bundle sheath chloroplasts accumulate large amounts of starch in the early stages of the leaf development, while in other grasses, both mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts accumulate only small amounts of starch. It is suggested that bundle sheath chloroplasts of starch-accumulating species, regardless of their photosynthetic characteristics, are specialized in the accumulation and supply of storage starch during the leaf development.

scholarly journals Molecular cloning and characterization of NAC genes from four foxtail millet genotypes

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Sintho Wahyuning Ardie ◽  
Nurul Khumaida ◽  
Tetsuo Takano ◽  
Nike Karjunita ◽  
Muhammad Habib Widyawan
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Transcription Factor Gene ◽  
Conserved Domain ◽  
Transcription Factor Gene Family

Transcription factor gene family of NAC (NAM, ATAF, CUC) is tightly involved in plant development and in the response to stresses. In this study, we reported the isolation and the characterization of NAC gene homolog from four foxtail millet genotypes. Band with approximately 1300 bp size was successfully amplified from the genomic DNA of four foxtail millet genotypes (ICERI-4, ICERI-5, ICERI-6 and ICERI-10) using gene specific primer. The fragment was designated as SiNAC065 after showing high similarity with NAC gene homologs in the GenBank. Sequence analysis results showed that the SiNAC065 genes isolated from the four genotypes were 1265 bp in length with one intron and two exons. The two exons encode 325 amino acids with the conserved domain located between amino acid 19-325. The SiNAC065 protein identified in this study have 8 conserved motives in the conserved region which categorized them as SNAC (stress responsive NACs) orthologs that are involved in the abiotic stress responses. Different features of SiNAC065 isolated from the tolerant- and the sensitive-genotypes should provide information of the gene’s role in salinity tolerance mechanism of foxtail millet.

Transcriptome profiling in response to adiponectin in human cancer-derived cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 42A (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Berger ◽  
Sophie Rome ◽  
Nathalie Vega ◽  
Claire Ciancia ◽  
Hubert Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Translation Regulation ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Protective Actions

The adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin exerts protective actions in several disorders, including some cancers. However, while growing data suggest that adiponectin could be an effective anticancer agent, its mechanism of action in cancer cells is still poorly known. Here, using microarrays, we identified a set of 1,301 genes commonly modulated in three cancer-derived cell lines in response to short-term stimulation with full-length recombinant human adiponectin. Most of these genes are involved in translation regulation, immune or stress responses, and cell proliferation. Furthermore, among genes linked to disease that were retrieved by functional enrichment tests using text mining based on PubMed analysis, we found that 66% are involved in malignant neoplasms, further supporting the link between adiponectin and cancer mechanisms. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated the diversity of signaling pathways and transcription factors potentially mediating adiponectin effects on gene expression, illustrating the complexity of adiponectin mechanisms of action in cancer cells.

Emotions and health: The impact of emotions, emotions regulation, music, and acculturation on health

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Bongard ◽  
Volker Hodapp ◽  
Sonja Rohrmann
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress ◽  
Expression Behavior ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Our unit investigates the relationship of emotional processes (experience, expression, and coping), their physiological correlates and possible health outcomes. We study domain specific anger expression behavior and associated cardio-vascular loads and found e.g. that particularly an open anger expression at work is associated with greater blood pressure. Furthermore, we demonstrated that women may be predisposed for the development of certain mental disorders because of their higher disgust sensitivity. We also pointed out that the suppression of negative emotions leads to increased physiological stress responses which results in a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. We could show that relaxation as well as music activity like singing in a choir causes increases in the local immune parameter immunoglobuline A. Finally, we are investigating connections between migrants’ strategy of acculturation and health and found e.g. elevated cardiovascular stress responses in migrants when they where highly adapted to the German culture.

Childbirth and Posttraumatic Stress Responses

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelco Olde ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber ◽  
Onno van der Hart ◽  
Victor J.M. Pop
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
The Impact

Childbirth has been identified as a possible traumatic experience, leading to traumatic stress responses and even to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in a group of women who recently gave birth (N = 435). In addition, a comparison was made between the original IES and the IES-R. The scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.88). Using confirmatory factor analysis no support was found for a three-factor structure of an intrusion, an avoidance, and a hyperarousal factor. Goodness of fit was only reasonable, even after fitting one intrusion item on the hyperarousal scale. The IES-R correlated significantly with scores on depression and anxiety self-rating scales, as well as with scores on a self-rating scale of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although the IES-R can be used for studying posttraumatic stress reactions in women who recently gave birth, the original IES proved to be a better instrument compared to the IES-R. It is concluded that adding the hyperarousal scale to the IES-R did not make the scale stronger.

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