scholarly journals A Tree Peony Trihelix Transcription Factor PrASIL1 Represses Seed Oil Accumulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizong Yang ◽  
Jiayuan Hu ◽  
Jyoti R. Behera ◽  
Aruna Kilaru ◽  
Yanping Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Tree Peony ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Oil Biosynthesis ◽  
Trihelix Transcription Factor

In many higher plants, seed oil accumulation is governed by complex multilevel regulatory networks including transcriptional regulation, which primarily affects fatty acid biosynthesis. Tree peony (Paeonia rockii), a perennial deciduous shrub endemic to China is notable for its seed oil that is abundant in unsaturated fatty acids. We discovered that a tree peony trihelix transcription factor, PrASIL1, localized in the nucleus, is expressed predominantly in developing seeds during maturation. Ectopic overexpression of PrASIL1 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf tissue and Arabidopsis thaliana seeds significantly reduced total fatty acids and altered the fatty acid composition. These changes were in turn associated with the decreased expression of multitudinous genes involved in plastidial fatty acid synthesis and oil accumulation. Thus, we inferred that PrASIL1 is a critical transcription factor that represses oil accumulation by down-regulating numerous key genes during seed oil biosynthesis. In contrary, up-regulation of oil biosynthesis genes and a significant increase in total lipids and several major fatty acids were observed in PrASIL1-silenced tree peony leaves. Together, these results provide insights into the role of trihelix transcription factor PrASIL1 in controlling seed oil accumulation. PrASIL1 can be targeted potentially for oil enhancement in tree peony and other crops through gene manipulation.

scholarly journals Identification of genes associated with the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid and oil accumulation in herbaceous peony ‘Hangshao’ (Paeonia lactiflora ‘Hangshao’) seeds based on transcriptome analysis

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Song Meng ◽  
Yu-Han Tang ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Da-Qiu Zhao ◽  
Ke-Liang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Paeonia Lactiflora ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Herbaceous Peony

Abstract Background Paeonia lactiflora ‘Hangshao’ is widely cultivated in China as a traditional Chinese medicine ‘Radix Paeoniae Alba’. Due to the abundant unsaturated fatty acids in its seed, it can also be regarded as a new oilseed plant. However, the process of the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in it has remained unknown. Therefore, transcriptome analysis is helpful to better understand the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results Five main fatty acids were detected, including stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, and their absolute contents first increased and then decreased during seed development. A total of 150,156 unigenes were obtained by transcriptome sequencing. There were 15,005 unigenes annotated in the seven functional databases, including NR, NT, GO, KOG, KEGG, Swiss-Prot and InterPro. Based on the KEGG database, 1766 unigenes were annotated in the lipid metabolism. There were 4635, 12,304, and 18,291 DEGs in Group I (60 vs 30 DAF), Group II (90 vs 60 DAF) and Group III (90 vs 30 DAF), respectively. A total of 1480 DEGs were detected in the intersection of the three groups. In 14 KEGG pathways of lipid metabolism, 503 DEGs were found, belonging to 111 enzymes. We screened out 123 DEGs involved in fatty acid biosynthesis (39 DEGs), fatty acid elongation (33 DEGs), biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid (24 DEGs), TAG assembly (17 DEGs) and lipid storage (10 DEGs). Furthermore, qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression patterns of 16 genes, including BBCP, BC, MCAT, KASIII, KASII, FATA, FATB, KCR, SAD, FAD2, FAD3, FAD7, GPAT, DGAT, OLE and CLO, most of which showed the highest expression at 45 DAF, except for DGAT, OLE and CLO, which showed the highest expression at 75 DAF. Conclusions We predicted that MCAT, KASIII, FATA, SAD, FAD2, FAD3, DGAT and OLE were the key genes in the unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and oil accumulation in herbaceous peony seed. This study provides the first comprehensive genomic resources characterizing herbaceous peony seed gene expression at the transcriptional level. These data lay the foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of fatty acid biosynthesis and oil accumulation for herbaceous peony.

scholarly journals Health Benefits of Dietary Tree Peony Seed Oil in a High Fat Diet Hamster Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Zheng ◽  
Jigang Han ◽  
Yingyi Mao ◽  
Xue Tang ◽  
Yan Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tree Peony ◽  
Edible Plant

Background: Tree peony (Paeonia ostii) seed oil is rich in different unsaturated fatty acids, including monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Health benefits of this edible plant oil as a whole are barely known yet. In this study, we experimentally investigated benefits of dietary tree peony seed oil (PSO) in dyslipidemia-associated metabolic diseases using a high fat diet hamster model.Methods: High fat diets (HFD) containing 15 % coconut oil (CO) or PSO were first developed based on the rodent chow diet. Fatty acid profiles of diets and red blood cells (RBC) from animals fed these diets for 8 weeks were analyzed and compared. Effects of these oil supplements on triglycerides and cholesterol levels were characterized. Benefits on fatty liver progress were also investigated in this animal model.  Results: HFD fortified with 15% PSO was abundant in different unsaturated fatty acids, containing 40% α-linolenic acid, 27% linoleic acid and 23% oleic acid, respectively. Compared to the control group with 15% CO, animals with 15% PSO displayed dramatic alteration of in vivo fatty acid profile in RBC, featured with a significant increase in n-3 but no change in n-6 PUFA, resulting in decreased ratio of n-6 to n-3 PUFA. PSO intervention also remarkably reduced triglyceride levels in both blood and adipose tissues, while did not affect circulating cholesterol. Moreover, benefits on liver health were observed in the PSO group, evidenced with reduced hepatic steatosis and improved hepatic histology. Conclusion: These data altogether demonstrated multifaceted benefits of dietary PSO in reducing important risk factors of dyslipidemia-associated cardiovascular and liver diseases.Keywords: Peony seed oil, High fat diet, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, Hepatic steatosis

scholarly journals The same rat Δ6-desaturase not only acts on 18- but also on 24-carbon fatty acids in very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 364 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine D'ANDREA ◽  
Hervé GUILLOU ◽  
Sophie JAN ◽  
Daniel CATHELINE ◽  
Jean-Noël THIBAULT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Δ6 Desaturase

The recently cloned Δ6-desaturase is known to catalyse the first step in very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, i.e. the desaturation of linoleic and α-linolenic acids. The hypothesis that this enzyme could also catalyse the terminal desaturation step, i.e. the desaturation of 24-carbon highly unsaturated fatty acids, has never been elucidated. To test this hypothesis, the activity of rat Δ6-desaturase expressed in COS-7 cells was investigated. Recombinant Δ6-desaturase expression was analysed by Western blot, revealing a single band at 45kDa. The putative involvement of this enzyme in the Δ6-desaturation of C24:5n-3 to C24:6n-3 was measured by incubating transfected cells with C22:5n-3. Whereas both transfected and non-transfected COS-7 cells were able to synthesize C24:5n-3 by elongation of C22:5n-3, only cells expressing Δ6-desaturase were also able to produce C24:6n-3. In addition, Δ6-desaturation of [1-14C]C24:5n-3 was assayed invitro in homogenates from COS-7 cells expressing Δ6-desaturase or not, showing that Δ6-desaturase catalyses the conversion of C24:5n-3 to C24:6n-3. Evidence is therefore presented that the same rat Δ6-desaturase catalyses not only the conversion of C18:3n-3 to C18:4n-3, but also the conversion of C24:5n-3 to C24:6n-3. A similar mechanism in the n-6 series is strongly suggested.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Palado Seed Oil (Aglaia sp) Extracted Using Chloroform Solvent

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul RAHMAN ◽  
Salengke Salengke ◽  
Abu Bakar TAWALI ◽  
Meta MAHENDRADATTA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Food Ingredients

Palado (Aglaia sp) is a plant that grows wild in the forest around Mamuju regency of West Sulawesi, Indonesia. This plant is locally known as palado. Palado seeds (Aglaia sp) can be used as a source of vegetable oil because it contains approximately 14.75 % oil, and it has the potential to be used as food ingredients or as raw material for oil production. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical properties and the composition of fatty acids contained in palado seed oil (Aglaia sp). The employed method involved the use of palado fruit that had been processed to be palado seed and undergoing flouring process. Palado flour was produced by the extraction process by using chloroform solvent with the soxhlet method. The characteristics of the chemical properties in the oil produced were analyzed by using a standard method, including iodine, saponification, and acid values. The analysis of fatty acid composition was conducted by using gas chromatography. The results showed that palado oil extracted with hexane had an iodine value of 15.38 mg/g, saponification value of 190.01 mg KOH/g, and acids value of 1.961 mg KOH/g. The fatty acid composition of the palado seed oil consisted of saturated fatty acids (41.601 %), which included palmitic acid (41.062 %), myristic acid (0.539 %), and unsaturated fatty acids (45.949 %), which included mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) such as (22.929 %), oleic acid and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was linoleic acid (23.020 %).

scholarly journals A kinetic rationale for functional redundancy in fatty acid biosynthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (38) ◽  
pp. 23557-23564
Author(s):  
Alex Ruppe ◽  
Kathryn Mains ◽  
Jerome M. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Functional Redundancy ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Total Production

Cells build fatty acids with biocatalytic assembly lines in which a subset of enzymes often exhibit overlapping activities (e.g., two enzymes catalyze one or more identical reactions). Although the discrete enzymes that make up fatty acid pathways are well characterized, the importance of catalytic overlap between them is poorly understood. We developed a detailed kinetic model of the fatty acid synthase (FAS) ofEscherichia coliand paired that model with a fully reconstituted in vitro system to examine the capabilities afforded by functional redundancy in fatty acid synthesis. The model captures—and helps explain—the effects of experimental perturbations to FAS systems and provides a powerful tool for guiding experimental investigations of fatty acid assembly. Compositional analyses carried out in silico and in vitro indicate that FASs with multiple partially redundant enzymes enable tighter (i.e., more independent and/or broader range) control of distinct biochemical objectives—the total production, unsaturated fraction, and average length of fatty acids—than FASs with only a single multifunctional version of each enzyme (i.e., one enzyme with the catalytic capabilities of two partially redundant enzymes). Maximal production of unsaturated fatty acids, for example, requires a second dehydratase that is not essential for their synthesis. This work provides a kinetic, control-theoretic rationale for the inclusion of partially redundant enzymes in fatty acid pathways and supplies a valuable framework for carrying out detailed studies of FAS kinetics.

scholarly journals Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil Changes Tyrosinase Activity of α-MSH-Induced B16F10 Cells Via the Antimelanogenesic Effect of Eicosenoic Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2097229
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsiang Lin ◽  
Chia-Jen Nien ◽  
Lih-Geeng Chen ◽  
Sheng-Yang Lee ◽  
Wei-Jen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosenoic Acid ◽  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Melanin Formation ◽  
Model Free ◽  
B16f10 Cells

Melanogenesis is a complex process that can lead to pigmentation defects. Various chemical skin-lightening products have been developed to treat pigmentation disorders. However, these chemical products can cause harmful adverse effects. Therefore, the development of safer, natural bleaching ingredients is a trend for sustainability. It has been reported that unsaturated fatty acids exhibit significant antimelanogenic effects. Sapindus mukorossi seed oils contain abundant unsaturated fatty acids; however, these have not yet been investigated for beneficial effects on skin tone evenness. In this study, we tested the possibility of using S. mukorossi oil for the treatment of hyperpigmentation in an in vitro model. Free fatty acid compositions and β-sitosterol were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-pressure liquid chromatography, respectively. The effect of S. mukorossi oil on melanoma B16F10 cell viability was detected using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The inhibitive effects of fatty acids and β-sitosterol in S. mukorossi oil on α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)-induced melanogenesis was evaluated by detecting melanin formation and tyrosinase activity. Our results showed that S. mukorossi oil produced no significant cytotoxicity in B16F10 cells at various concentrations compared with the control group. The enhancement of melanin formation induced by α-MSH was reduced by S. mukorossi oil. We also found that the primary fatty acid contributing to the antimelanogenesis effect was eicosenoic acid. These results suggest that S. mukorossi seed oil can effectively inhibit melanogenesis and has the potential for future development as a de-hyperpigmentation product within a waste utilization context.

scholarly journals Oil yield and fatty acid profile of seeds of three Salvia species. A comparative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouna Ben Farhat ◽  
Rym Chaouch -Hamada ◽  
Ahmed Landoulsi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Yield

Summary A comparative study of the oil yield and fatty acid composition of three Salvia species seeds collected in different locations has been conducted. Seed oil extraction was made using a Soxhlet-extractor and fatty acid analysis was undertaken using a GC-FID. The effect of the collecting site on oil yield, as well as the content of individual fatty acid and total fatty acid and fatty acid content was significant. Seed oil yield varied from 14.94 to 22.83% and the total fatty acids ranged from 67.36 to 82.49 mg/g DW. α-Linolenic (24.02-49.19%), linoleic (20.13-42.88%), oleic (12.97-17.81%) and palmitic (8.37-16.63%) acids were the most abundant fatty acids in all analyzed samples. α-Linolenic acid was found to be the major fatty acid in S. verbenaca and S. officinalis species, however, S. aegyptiaca was characterized by the prevalence of linoleic acid. Among the unsaturated fatty acids, which were represented in all samples in high amounts (78.16-89.34%), the polyunsaturated fatty acids (α-linolenic and linoleic acids) showed important levels ranging from 63.09 to 74.71%. Seeds of S. verbenaca were the richest in polyunsaturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals DesT Coordinates the Expression of Anaerobic and Aerobic Pathways for Unsaturated Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2009 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitra Subramanian ◽  
Charles O. Rock ◽  
Yong-Mei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Translational Start

ABSTRACT The fabA and fabB genes are responsible for anaerobic unsaturated fatty acid formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Expression of the fabAB operon was repressed by exogenous unsaturated fatty acids, and DNA sequences upstream of the translational start site were used to affinity purify DesT. The single protein interaction with the fabAB promoter detected in wild-type cell extracts was absent in the desT deletion strain, as was the repression of fabAB expression by unsaturated fatty acids. Thus, DesT senses the overall composition of the acyl-coenzyme A pool to coordinate the expression of the operons for the anaerobic (fabAB) and aerobic (desCB) pathways for unsaturated fatty acid synthesis.

A mathematical model for mammary fatty acid synthesis and triglyceride assembly: the role of stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD)

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R Shorten ◽  
Tony B Pleasants ◽  
Girish C Upreti
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Desirable Outcome ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

An increase in the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in milk is considered desirable for human health. A prerequisite for the manipulation of milk fat composition is a co-ordinated understanding of the complex interactions in its biosynthesis. It has been suggested that an increase in the expression of mammary stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD) would enrich mono-unsaturated fatty acids in milk, and therefore improve its nutritional properties. To investigate the potential effects of changes in expression of mammary enzymes and substrate availability on milk fat composition, we constructed, parameterized and evaluated a mechanistic mathematical model of fatty acid biosynthesis and milk-fat triglyceride assembly. The objective was to describe changes in the amount and composition of milk fat produced by bovine mammary cells due to changes in nutrition. Using the model we found that a 50% up-regulation in SCD activity increased the molar fraction of milk triglyceride 18[ratio ]1 from 0·30 to 0·33 and 16[ratio ]1 from 0·04 to 0·06. Up-regulation of SCD therefore did not appear to be the optimal method for increasing the content of unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat. The model was also used to determine the likely rate-limiting processes for the incorporation of unsaturated fatty acids into milk fat. Halving the concentration of glycerol 3-phosphate increased the molar fraction of milk triglyceride 18[ratio ]1 from 0·30 to 0·35 and decreased the molar fraction of milk triglyceride 16[ratio ]0 from 0·30 to 0·22. This achieved the desirable outcome of producing more unsaturated low-fat milk. Our model also predicted that a K232A mutation in the bovine mammary DGAT1 gene that is linked with an increase in milk fat yield would be consistent with a 120% increase in the DGAT acylation rate and also would be associated with a decrease in milk mono-unsaturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Nutrients, fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of the flowers and seed oils in wild populations of Paeonia ludlowii

2019 ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Jie Li, Zai-Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
The Impact

Wild Paeonia ludlowii is considered as a traditional ornamental plant, but its flowers and seed oils are edible with important economic values, and the variation of nutrients, fatty acid composition in wild populations is scarcely known. Flowers and seeds of P. ludlowii were collected from two wild populations for evaluating the nutrients in flowers, composition of fatty acids in seed oils and the antioxidant activity. The flowers contained high composition of proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, total flavonoids, phenolic compounds and essential minerals. Seed oil yield reached up to 21.95% using supercritical CO2 fluid extraction, and it contained 14 fatty acids (up to 93.35 g/100g seed oil), especially the unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid) was up to 88.69% with low ω6/ω3 ratios of 0.58. The antioxidant capacity can be arranged in the order of trolox > flower extracts > seed oil according to the DPPH and ABTS free radical assay. Contents of nutrient in flowers and fatty acids in seed oils were significantly different between two wild populations due to the impact of different growing environments. These results indicate that flowers and seed oils of P. ludlowii are potential food resources in human diets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document