The Impact of Response Instruction and Target Group on the BIAS Map

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive argument for nature-based therapy (NBT) for veterans with post-traumatic stress syndrome. It is the aim to generate an overview of the evidence for NBT to the target group. A review of available scientific literature within the field, has been comprehensively conducted. This work is the foundation for the recommendations to decision makers and politicians. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides a conceptual analyses and a general review of the literature. Following steps have been conducted. Based on the research question, relevant work (scientific papers) have been identified using search terms in English within the three areas the target group (veterans), the diagnosis (post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD) and treatment (NBT). Study-quality and evidence level have been assessed and discussed. Findings The findings show a wide variation according to the interventions the nature setting, the length and frequency of the NBT session as well as the health outcome measures. The studies demonstrated a positive impact on the PTSD symptoms, quality of life and hope. None of the studies found negative impact of the interventions. Being in a group of other veterans facing the same problems was highlighted as well. Some studies measured the ability to return to workforce for the veterans and found NBT beneficial in that process. Research limitations/implications The limitation of the research due to the methods of identifying studies. The purpose of this was to give an overview of existing literature, and there can be studies, that are not found in this process. Including qualitative and quantitative methods are useful in a process of understanding the impact of NBT for veterans with PTSD. The quantitative studies, which unfortunately are few, can give information of the extent to which the treatment affects the symptoms of PTSD. Seen in the perspective of the burden for the veterans suffering from PTSD and the economic burden for society, the process of synthesizing the research in the field in order to generate a fundament seems necessary. Practical implications This policy papers are useful in order to make recommendations for politicians and decision makers as well as practitioners. Social implications The burden of suffering from PTSD is heavy for the veterans and their family. The society must drive forward the development of new and better evidence-based treatment programs for veterans with PTSD. NBT might be a step in the right direction of this. Originality/value It is well-known that there are an increase in the number of veterans diagnosed with PTSD. Generally the drop-out rate of the veterans is high in conventional treatment and it is found that veterans experience some side effects from medical treatment. NBT is, in existing research, found to have a positive impact on the veterans, and therefore, it should be part of future treatment programs for veterans with PTSD.

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Public Education: the ultimatum for the profession

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100115040 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 162 ◽

pp. 176-179

Author(s):

M. Othman

Keyword(s):

Public Education ◽

Public Good ◽

Target Group ◽

Target Groups ◽

Educational Aims ◽

The Public ◽

The Impact

The impact of public education is without question in the ‘public good’ domain and hence there is really no need to justify the demand for it. However, some professionals and scientists remain unconvinced about the necessity for it. This paper will lay out the benefits it holds for the scientists, categorise the target groups and identify the methods of approach for each target group and finally outline some strategies that can be adopted to achieve the educational aims.

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Evaluation of the Opportunities for Prevention of the Periodontal Diseases Among the Pregnant Women in Tbilisi

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2021.v17n17p1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

Author(s):

Veriko Tevzadze ◽

Ketevan Nanobashvili

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Economic Status ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Data Entry ◽

Target Group ◽

Statistical Testing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Task: Although periodontal inflammatory diseases are very often during pregnancy, little is known about the risk factors that increase the frequency of periodontal disease incidence and affect its development during pregnancy. This descriptive study assesses the prevalence of periodontal diseases among pregnant women in Tbilisi, the impact of their socio-economic status, hygiene habits, and level of knowledge on their periodontal status. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted among pregnant women. The respondents were distributed by Gynecological Centers and districts in Tbilisi. The survey was conducted at 24 Gynecological Centers. The target group of the study was 222 pregnant women aged 18 to 45 living in Tbilisi. The tool used in this study is a Structured Electronic Questionnaire. The oral health of the target group representatives was assessed by periodontal indices, the CPITN-index, and OHI-Jack R.Vermillion's oral hygiene index. Data entry and statistical analysis were carried out using the statistical program SPSS 23.0. Results: The current pregnancy for most of the respondents (36%) is the second, 53.2% of the pregnant women are in the second trimester of the pregnancy, 50,5% of the respondents are bachelors’ student or have completed a bachelor's stage of the study. Due to the employment status, 47.7% of them are housewives, and 61.1% evaluate their economical condition as satisfactory; 32,9% of the respondents have dental insurance, and only 13,3% use this insurance for this purpose. 68.8% of the pregnant women address the dentist only in case of pain or discomfort, 67.3% of them have bleeding gums, 66.5% of them feel pain or discomfort in the oral cavity and 59% of them have swelling/pain in their gums. Only 9% of gynecologists recommend their patients plan a visit to the dentist. Pregnant women’s awareness about the safety of dental manipulations is also quite low and it is 22.1 %. The statistical testing of the difference due to the qualitative variables was carried out using the Pearson's chi-square method; the index of signification (p), which was less than 0.05, at (p<0.05) was considered as statistically significant.

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Intercultural Communication Challenges in the Period of the Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) (The Case of Qatar Airways)

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2021.v17n16p1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (16) ◽

Author(s):

Margo Kublashvili

Keyword(s):

Intercultural Communication ◽

Target Group ◽

Communication Process ◽

Modern World ◽

The Novel ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Cabin Crew ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Different Cultures ◽

The Impact

Under the conditions of the global threat of the modern world - the novel coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic, the demand for social distancing as a commonly proven method of preventing fatal cases and stopping the virus has fundamentally changed the process of communication in an intercultural environment. Our research aims to study the impact of the pandemic on the intercultural communication process and its quality in a multicultural environment. Cabin Crew of Qatar Airways, as one of the largest multicultural/multinational companies, was selected as a target group. A qualitative method of data collection – interviewing – was used as a research technique. In particular, the target group was interviewed through a semistructured questionnaire – by a so-called "narrative interview" method. This research enabled us to obtain new narratives which were created on the coronavirus background – responses of the Qatar Airways Cabin Crew and the company's international passengers to the challenge of Covid-19. The study and analysis of these responses revealed that representatives of different cultures (Individualistic/Collectivist cultures, High/Low uncertainty avoidance cultures, Submissive orientation/Mastery orientation cultures, Tight/Loose cultures) have different attitudes towards the pandemic as an uncertain and unpredictable future; towards the Covid-19 vaccine; towards wearing a mask and eye contact related to it; in addition, they can be distinguished by different perceptions of territorialism as personal space (physical and social distancing); different feelings of fear and anxiety and readiness to obey/disobey introduced rules or restrictions (so-called Lockdown, Curfew). According to the research, these differences are due to the "mental program" of a society, i.e. a purely cultural factor. However, despite several intercultural differences, daily contact with groups having other cultures significantly increases opportunities for collaboration, which, in times of crisis, does not hinder the process of interaction between different cultures, but on the contrary, it increases the level of intercultural acceptance and sensitivity.

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The experience of children with a parent suffering from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis during the COVID-19 pandemic

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95338-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ines Testoni ◽

Lorenza Palazzo ◽

Lucia Ronconi ◽

Gabriella Rossi ◽

Jenny Ferizoviku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Mental States ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Target Group ◽

Self Concept ◽

Control Group ◽

Multidimensional Self Concept Scale ◽

The Impact ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

AbstractChildren that have a parent with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) suffer from the progressive loss of their beloved ones. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the difficulties faced by these children have increased. The study aimed to detect whether there were differences between the minors experiencing a relative’s ALS and the minors with no experience of ALS and it aimed also to detect the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on these minors. The study involved Italian participants, in particular: the target group consisted of 38 children (7–18 years) (T0/T1); the control group consisted of 38 children (9–14 years) (T0 only). The following variables were measured: attachment with the Security Scale (SS), affects with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (PANAS-C), behavioural problems with Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), death representation with Testoni Death Representation Scale for Children (TDRS-C), self-concept with the Multidimensional Self Concept Scale (MSCS), resilience and socio-emotional skills with the Devereux Student Strengths Assessment (DESSA). The results showed higher negative affectivity (p < .001), externalising behaviours (p < .05), uncertainty in reflective function (p < .05) in the target group compared to the control one; after the COVID-19 pandemic minors in the target group showed reduced certainty of mental states (p < .05) and interpersonal and scholastic self-esteem (p < .05). The impact of ALS on these minors is significant and produces negative affect, externalizing behaviours and uncertainty of mental states. The lockdown situation due to the COVID-19 pandemic has further aggravated minors in their school and interpersonal self-esteem.

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Segmentation of the Young Elderly Based on Technology Readiness

10.18690/978-961-286-485-9.32 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Sell ◽

◽

Pirkko Walden ◽

Keyword(s):

Technology Use ◽

Target Group ◽

Technology Readiness ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Diffusion Of Technology ◽

Demographic Group ◽

Working Age ◽

Personal Use ◽

Technology Users ◽

The Impact

We examine the young elderly’s technology readiness in order to understand the propensity to adopt and use technology for personal use. We use the Technology Readiness Index 2.0 as segmentation basis to segment a sample of mainly young elderly individuals. Our aim is to find meaningful segments within this demographic group regarding their technology readiness, and to contrast the segments with previous research. Our findings based on 538 retirees revealed a similar segmentation profile as found within working-age populations, and a surprisingly different profile than previous research with a mature target group. We identified five distinct segments portraying the young elderly as diverse technology users, ranging from ‘pioneers’ to ‘hesitators’. The findings give arise to discussion regarding the impact of age on the technology readiness of individuals and the importance of age as a predictor of technology use. We propose that commonly held views on age as an inhibitor of technology use are becoming outdated as the diffusion of technology reaches a certain level of maturity in a market.

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Making sense of metaphor: The impact of target-group-specific headlines in direct mail

Journal of Marketing Communications ◽

10.1080/13527266.2013.841274 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 56-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ailsa Kolsaker ◽

Dirk Görtz ◽

David Gilbert

Keyword(s):

Target Group ◽

Direct Mail ◽

Making Sense ◽

The Impact

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Risky Sexual Behavior as a Factor in Spreading HIV Infection in Russia. Part II

Sociologicheskaja nauka i social naja praktika ◽

10.19181/snsp.2018.6.4.6088 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 105-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Margarita E. Pozdnyakova

Keyword(s):

Sexual Behavior ◽

Drug Use ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Risky Sexual Behavior ◽

Drug Users ◽

Target Group ◽

Sexual Practices ◽

Special Role ◽

Infected People ◽

The Impact

This work continues an article on risky sexual behavior and the spread of HIV infection. In this part, based on the results of surveys of the working-age population, the youth and the target group of psychoactive substance users, the relationship between increase in drug use and sexual behavior is examined. It is shown that use of certain drugs is connected to increase in sexual activity. Injecting drug users play a special role in the spread of HIV infection. The survey of the target group of drug users allowed us to describe a modern portrait of an injecting drug user, as well as the peculiarities of drug use and common high-risk sexual practices in this group. The impact on the rate of infection from the Russian penitentiary system is considered. It was revealed that with an annual decrease in the number of prisoners, the proportion of HIV-infected people is constantly growing, while HIV infection is by far the most frequent cause of death for convicts in Russia. The factors that influence HIV incidence rate among the convicts are examined.

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EVALUATION OF THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PREVENTION OF THE PERIODONTAL DISEASES AMONG THE PREGNANT WOMEN IN TBILISI

10.36106/ijar/3816160 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 51-54

Author(s):

Veriko Tevzadze ◽

Ketevan Nanobashvili ◽

Elza Nikoleishvili

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Economic Status ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Data Entry ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Target Group ◽

Statistical Testing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Task:Although the periodontal inammatory diseases are very often during the pregnancy, little is known about the riskfactors that increase the frequency of periodontal disease incidence and affect its development during the pregnancy. This descriptive study assesses the prevalence of the periodontal diseases among the pregnant women in Tbilisi, the impact of their socio-economic status, hygiene habits and level of knowledge to their periodontal status. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted among pregnant women. The respondents were distributed by Gynecological Centers and districts in Tbilisi. The survey was conducted at 24 Gynecological Centers. The target group of the study were 385 pregnant women aged 18 to 45 actually living in Tbilisi. The tool used in this study is a Structured Electronic Questionnaire. The oral health of the target group representatives was assessed by periodontal indexes, the CPITN-index and OHI-Jack R.Vermillion's oral hygiene index. Data entry and statistical analysis was carried out using a statistical program SPSS 23,0. Results: The current pregnancy for most of respondents 37,9%(146) is the second, 50,6%(195) of the pregnant women are in the second trimester of the pregnancy, 47,8%(184) of the respondents are the bachelors' student or have completed a bachelor's stage of study. Due to the employment status, 39,5%(152) of them are housewives, and 64,2%(247) evaluate their economical condition as satisfactory; 30,9%(119) of the respondents have dental insurance and only 56,9(45)% uses this insurance for this purpose. 74,5%(287) of the pregnant women addresses the dentist only in case of pain or discomfort, 70,3%(270) of them have bleeding gums, 63,6%(245) of them feel pain or discomfort in the oral cavity and 59,7(230) of them have a swelling/pain in their gums. Only 11,7%(45) of gynecologists recommend their patients to plan a visit to the dentist. Pregnant women's awareness about the safety of dental manipulations is also quite low and it is 29,1%(112). The statistical testing of the difference due to the qualitative variables was carried out using the Pearson's chi-square method; index of signication (p), which was less than 0,05, at (p<0,05) was considered as statistically signicant.

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ENGLISH FOR THE COMMUNITY – DESCRIEREA PROIECTULUI –

Revista de Pedagogie - Journal of Pedagogy ◽

10.26755/revped/2021.1/155 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol LXIX (1) ◽

pp. 155-175

Author(s):

Nadina Carmen Nicolici

Keyword(s):

Small Towns ◽

Target Group ◽

Special Focus ◽

British Council ◽

Second Stage ◽

Upper Secondary ◽

American Foundation ◽

Set Up ◽

Activity Groups ◽

The Impact

This article is the general presentation of the project “English for the Community” set up by British Council Romania in partnership with the Romanian American Foundation (RAF), and which has as target group about 150 teachers of English as a foreign language in nine counties in Romania, who teach in schools located in villages or small towns. The first stage of the project took place from 2018 to 2020, and a second stage began in March 2021, and it will last until 2023. There are presented details related to the general aim of the project: to provide professional development for the Romanian EFL teachers who teach in lower and upper secondary schools located in areas which have potential to develop ecotourism. The article includes information about the way in which the project has been organized from the beginning up to now, the areas where it takes place, how it has been developing, which steps have been taken, and the impact it has not only on the members of the target group, but on the whole community as well. A special focus is on Teacher Activity Groups (TAGs), an innovative method for Romania, in the benefit of the teachers directly involved in the project. All these are further illustrated by testimonials provided by the members of the target group, the trainers, and the direct and indirect beneficiaries of the program.

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