scholarly journals Social and Cognitive Psychology Theories in Understanding COVID-19 as the Pandemic of Blame

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub Bouguettaya ◽  
Clare E. C. Walsh ◽  
Victoria Team
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

When faced with adverse circumstances, there may be a tendency for individuals, agencies, and governments to search for a target to assign blame. Our focus will be on the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, where racial groups, political parties, countries, and minorities have been blamed for spreading, producing or creating the virus. Blame—here defined as attributing causality, responsibility, intent, or foresight to someone/something for a fault or wrong—has already begun to damage modern society and medical practice in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak. Evidence from past and current pandemics suggest that this tendency to seek blame affects international relations, promotes unwarranted devaluation of health professionals, and prompts a spike of racism and discrimination. By drawing on social and cognitive psychology theories, we provide a framework that helps to understand (1) the effect of blame in pandemics, (2) when people blame, whom they blame, and (3) how blame detrimentally affects the COVID-19 response. Ultimately, we provide a path to inform health messaging to reduce blaming tendencies, based on social psychological principles for health communication.

NEW INSPIRATION FROM CHINA'S PHILOSOPHY OF "UNITY OF MAN AND HEAVEN": CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS UNDER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
PU JINGXIN
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Human Society ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
New Type ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Ancient Chinese ◽  
Self Protection ◽  
Harmonious Community

Abstract: The danger of the novel coronavirus has not yet come to an end, and new variants have begun to attack the world. What philosophy should humankind’s strategy be based on when human society as a group is fighting against Covid-19, as the pandemic ravages the world? Unfortunately, political leaders of various countries have failed to achieve the overall awareness of attacking the pandemic for a shared future for mankind so far. In the face of the pandemic, mankind as a whole urgently needs to break through the narrow nation-oriented ideology of seeking only self-protection. The International Community should establish a new type of international cooperation featuring the concept of harmony of "all things under heaven as a unity". The international relations system dominated by the power ofwestern discourse is now in a bottleneck. The main aim of this article is to study the ancient Chinese wisdom of "the Unity of Man and Heaven" philosophy and build a global harmonious community. The author argues that the “export” of the aforementioned wisdom must be a priority for Chinese scholars. Keywords: Tao; Unity of Man and Heaven; Novel Coronavirus; Anthropocentrism; Harmony.

scholarly journals Political Discourse on China's Stigmatization in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
I. I. Arsentyeva
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
World Politics ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased interest in studying social stigma. The concept of stigma is also included in political discourse, as evidenced, among other things, by Xi Jinping’s speeches, in which the Chinese President urges to abandon further politicization and stigmatization of COVID-19. In this regard, the main aim of the article is to analyze the correlation between the novel coronavirus and stigmatization, not only from the traditional point of view (stigma associated with certain diseases), but also in terms of world politics. To explain the nature of social stigma, the author relies on evolutionary psychol- ogy, terror management theory and social identity theory. To analyze ongoing processes in international relations, some provisions of “rogue states” concept, leadership theories, and biopolitics are applied. The primary sources are documents of the World Health Organiza- tion (WHO) and the Group of Seven (G7), statements by UN and WHO officials, speeches of Chinese President Xi Jinping and US President Donald Trump, public opinion polls, and media publications. During the course of the study, the following scientific results were ob- tained: the works on COVID-19-related stigma have been systematized, the issues consid- ered in them and research gaps are highlighted; the consequences of stigma due the novel coronavirus have been summarized; some differences between stigma during the pandem- ic and stigma associated with other diseases are also identified; it is suggested to consider COVID-19 stigma not only at the level of interpersonal interactions, but also in international relations; the possible impact of the pandemic on the China’s role on the world stage has been revealed. It is concluded that this research approach allows to take a fresh look at the possibility of restoring ties between states and their citizens in a post-COVID-19 world, as well as to assess the likelihood of a change of global leader. In the final part of the article, possible ways of further development of the situation are predicted and prospects for study on the issue are outlined.

Little bugs and wicked viruses: Communicating the COVID-19 pandemic through picturebooks for children

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth F. Caldwell ◽  
Sarah Falcus
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Health Organizations ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Staying At Home

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the production of large numbers of books to educate children about the novel coronavirus and the measures to control its spread. The books have been produced by a wide variety of different individuals and organizations, from health professionals and educators to national public health organizations and the United Nations. This study provides a detailed analysis of 73 picturebooks about coronavirus/COVID-19 available in English and produced between March and June 2020. The analysis reveals that the books combine early scientific knowledge about the novel coronavirus with pre-existing connotations of germs to produce a specific, comprehensible cause for the social disruption produced by the pandemic. This portrayal is frequently used to mobilize children to be heroes and fight the virus through a number of behavioural measures, principally frequent hand washing and staying at home. The books also reveal adult anxieties about the nature of childhood and the uncertainty of the nature and timing of a post-pandemic future.

The Song Remains the Same: International Relations After COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Drezner
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Critical Junctures ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Since the onset of COVID-19, there has been a surfeit of commentary arguing that 2020 will have transformative effects on world politics. This paper asks whether, decades from now, the pandemic will be viewed as an inflection point. Critical junctures occur when an event triggers a discontinuous shift in key variables or forces a rapid acceleration of preexisting trends. Pandemics have undeniably had this effect in the far past. A welter of economic and medical developments, however, have strongly muted the geopolitical impact of pandemics in recent centuries. A review of how the novel coronavirus has affected the distribution of power and interest in its first six months suggests that COVID-19 will not have transformative effects on world politics. Absent a profound ex post shift in hegemonic ideas, 2020 is unlikely to be an inflection point.

scholarly journals Vertical Transmission

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Dena Lyras
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Local Part ◽  
Rapid Dissemination ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

As we begin 2020, Microbiology is dominating the news with the emergence and rapid dissemination of the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The impact of COVID-19 on public health, with significant financial, logistical and social repercussions, has quickly become apparent. As microbiologists we have an important role to play during this time because we can use our knowledge, expertise and experience to educate the community around us, and to reduce the panic that results from fear and misinformation. It is also critical that we ensure that racial groups are not stigmatised because of an infectious disease. A co-ordinated global effort is required to tackle this new infectious threat, and we are an important local part of this effort. It is also important to develop strategies that can be deployed when the next threat emerges, as it surely will.

scholarly journals The Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) and its Aftermath in Contemporary World Affairs

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sanjmyatav Bazar
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
World Order ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

As the conception of security consolidates our prosperity to evolve on this planet that revolutionises our social norms and values from time-to-time, it also encounters threats and challenges that could potentially deliver a massive impact to the world. For instance, such security dilemmas would result in transforming the world order, international relations or even the lives of billions. This is the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) and it has changed the world for an indefinite period. Thus, it has forced us into a new phase, new norms and a new world. This paper will examine how this coronavirus outbreak has political, economic and social impacts on the world order through the lens of international relations.

scholarly journals Social Psychological Measurements of COVID-19: Coronavirus Perceived Threat, Government Response, Impacts, and Experiences Questionnaires

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian Gideon Conway ◽  
Shailee R. Woodard ◽  
Alivia Zubrod
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Total N ◽  
Government Response ◽  
The One ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Governmental Response ◽  
Experience Questionnaire ◽  
Three Factor

Major journals have sounded the call for social psychologists to do research on the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). Such research is only as good as the measurements used. Across three studies (total n = 984), we developed a battery of social psychology-relevant questionnaires to measure COVID-19 phenomena: (1) Perceived Coronavirus Threat Questionnaire, (2) Governmental Response to Coronavirus Questionnaire, (3) Coronavirus Impacts Questionnaire, and (4) Coronavirus Experience Questionnaire. Exploratory (Study 1) and Confirmatory (Studies 2 and 3) Factor Analyses revealed excellent factor structures for the one-factor Perceived Coronavirus Threat, the six-factor Governmental Response Questionnaires, and the three-factor Coronavirus Impacts Questionnaire. The three-factor Coronavirus Experience Questionnaire yielded poorer psychometric properties overall. Given that brevity is often desired for online studies, we further recommend psychometrically sound short versions of each questionnaire. Taken in total, this work offers social psychology researchers a battery of questionnaires to measure Coronavirus-related phenomena for the duration of the pandemic in U.S. participants.

Driven to teletherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Jill Savege Scharff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Telemental Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Emotional Effects

The author reviews the emotional effects of the novel coronavirus pandemic on adults and children as they cooperate to combat the risk of infection by agreeing to social isolation. Confined to their homes, patients and therapists alike must deal with reactions to stress and pressure to adapt to changes in their domestic routines and school or work settings. The author then reviews the accommodations and innovations psychoanalytic mental health professionals in particular are developing when suddenly required to move their work completely online to provide continuity of care. She reviews the fears and anxieties expressed by therapists and analysts, makes suggestions for their self-care, and offers practical advice for making the necessary adjustments to provide competent, ethical teleanalysis and teletherapy under emergency conditions. She concludes by asking what impact the current learning about telemental health will have on the future of psychotherapy and psychoanalysis.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Threat or Opportunity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgan Rivaz ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Kazemi ◽  
Mina Mosallanezhad
Keyword(s):  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Face ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading quickly. Despite scientists’ best efforts all over the world, there is not a vaccine or definite treatment for it and the novel coronavirus remains a threat to humanity with far-reaching, and in many cases, irredeemable consequences for the economic, political, social-psychological , and cultural aspects of humans’ lives.(1)The quick transmission and fatality of the disease, absence of herd immunity, lack of or inequitable distribution of resources, e.g. Personal Protective Equipment ( PPE), and the existing challenges in the implementation of social distancing result in a daily increase in the number of victims and, consequently, an ever-expanding workload in healthcare systems worldwide. Moreover, the increasing mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 and lack of hospital beds and ventilators have led to healthcare provider’s exhaustion and burnout.(1,2) Healthcare providers, especially nurses are the most vulnerable group in the face of the current disaster. Unfortunately, In the world, many front-line experts have lost their lives.(3)

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