scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Alexithymia and Its Relationship With Life Events in Chinese Adolescents With Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xixin Wang ◽  
Xiaoyue Li ◽  
Chunyan Guo ◽  
Yu Hu ◽  
Lei Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

Objectives: The incidence of psychological and behavioral problems and depression among adolescents is increasing year by year, which has become an important public health problem. Alexithymia, as an important susceptible factor of adolescent depression, may continue to develop and strengthen under the stimulation of COVID-19-related stressors. However, no studies have focused on alexithymia in adolescent depression during the pandemic in China. This study aims to investigate the incidence and related factors of alexithymia in adolescent depression during the pandemic.Methods: Three hundred adolescent patients were enrolled from October 2020 to May 2021. The general demographic information of all participants was collected, and the clinical characteristics were assessed by the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check (ASLEC) List, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) Inventory.Results: The incidence of alexithymia was significantly higher among adolescents with depression (76.45%) during the pandemic. There were significant differences in school bullying, disease severity, ASLEC score, CTQ score and PANSI score between adolescents with and without alexithymia. In addition, learning stress, health and adaptation problems during the pandemic may be influential factors in alexithymia of adolescent depression (P < 0.05).Conclusions: According to the results, we found a high incidence of alexithymia in adolescent depression during the pandemic. More support and attention from families, schools and society is needed to develop preventive and targeted psychological interventions as early as possible.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Work-Related Factors Associated with Lower Back Musculoskeletal Disorders in Female Shellfish Gatherers in Saubara, Bahia – Brazil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Barreto Moreira Couto ◽  
Ila Rocha Falcão ◽  
Juliana dos Santos Müller ◽  
Ivone Batista Alves ◽  
Wendel da Silva Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Occupational Class ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Lower Back

Lower back musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are an important public health problem and the leading cause of disability worldwide, but with prevalence yet unknown among shellfish gatherers. To investigate the prevalence and work-related factors associated with lower back MSD in a population of female shellfish gatherers, an epidemiological cross-sectional study was carried out in Saubara, Bahia – Brazil, in 2013. The Brazilian version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), in addition to a questionnaire containing the physical demands adapted to the artisanal work, were applied to a random sample of 209 female shellfish gatherers. The prevalence of lower back MSD was 72.7%. Using multivariate logistic regression, the shellfish gatherers who had worked for more than 26 years in the activity showed a prevalence of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.04-1.44) times higher compared to those unexposed. Lower back MSD was 1.24 (95%CI: 1.08-1.42) times higher among those more exposed to work sitting with trunk flexion. Those performed manual handling and muscle force with the arms had a prevalence ratio of 1.18 (95%CI: 1.01-1.39). These results show the need for greater awareness of health and social welfare factors impacting workers in small-scale fisheries and will promote the elaboration of health care policies for this occupational class.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Dengue among Kuantan Medical Campus Students of International Islamic University of Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-253
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Zubaidah Binti Mohamad Zamri ◽  
Nor Azlina A Rahman ◽  
Mainul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Dengue has become an important public health problem in the world. It is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes mosquito. The understanding the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the general community on dengue prevention are helpful to give information for good strategic planning and engaged the community with dengue control. The knowledge on preventive measures in dengue is important to decrease the mortality rate, but the implementation of knowledge among individuals to reduce dengue is still an issue. Study Objectives: This study aims to examine the KAP regarding dengue among IIUM Kuantan students. Besides that, this study also aims to find the factors associated with KAP of dengue and to assess the relationship between KAPs regarding dengue among IIUM Kuantan students. Methods: This study used cross-sectional study, and 135 respondents were selected by using convenience sampling method. The questionnaire consists of 67 questions which were divided into four parts (socio-demographic characteristic, knowledge regarding dengue, the attitude of dengue and practice on prevention of dengue). In this study, to evaluate the KAP of dengue among students in IIUM Kuantan. Independent t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, and Pearson test were used to find all related factors influencing KAP of dengue. Results: This study shows that the level of KAP of dengue among students in IIUM Kuantan was relatively high. All the respondents have very good level of KAP towards dengue prevention, symptoms and transmission. There was a significant difference in attitude among marital statuses (p=0.004). The students from FOM had better knowledge (p=<0.001) as compared to FOD and better attitude scores than KOP (p=0.001). This study also depicted that dengue knowledge-attitude towards dengue prevention was significantly correlated (p=0.005). Conclusion: the KAP regarding dengue among IIUM Kuantan students was good. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.245-253

The alienation of affection toward parents and influential factors in Chinese left-behind children

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Dai ◽  
G. Yang ◽  
C. Hu ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
K. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Emotional Distance ◽  
Psychosocial Vulnerability ◽  
Absent Mother

AbstractObjectiveAlthough alienation toward parents is important for children (for current mental health status or later interpersonal relationships in adulthood), it is undervalued and even lacks a standardized tool of assessment. Moreover, the large number of left-behind children in China is a cause of public concern. However, their experienced alienation toward their parents remains unclear, which may be important for early detection or intervention for behavioral problems in this population. Hence, the current study aimed to develop an alienation inventory for children and then use it to investigate the experienced alienation toward parents in Chinese left-behind children.MethodsTwo studies were carried out. Study 1 was designed to develop a standard inventory of alienation toward parents (IAP). In study 2, 8361 children and adolescents (6704 of them were left-behind status) of the Chongqing area, aged between 8 and 19 years old, were recruited for investigation. All participants were surveyed with a standard sociodemographic questionnaire, children's cognitive style questionnaire, children's depression inventory, adolescent self-rating life events checklist, and newly built IAP in study 1.ResultsIn study 1, we developed a two-component (communication and emotional distance) and 18-item (9 items for maternal or paternal form, respectively) IAP questionnaire. In study 2, exploratory factor analysis indicated an expected two-factor structure of IAP, which was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients showed a good reliability (0.887 and 0.821 for maternal and paternal form, respectively). Children with absent mother experienced the highest alienation toward parents. Boys as well as children aged 8–10 years old experienced higher alienation toward parents. Poor communication with parents (sparse or no connection), level of left-behind condition (parents divorced, been far away from parents), and psychosocial vulnerability (stressful life events, negative cognitive style) were risk factors of alienation toward parents.ConclusionsThe current study develops a two-factor (communication and emotional distance) IAP, which offers a reliable tool to assess experienced alienation of affection toward parents in children aged between 8 and 19 years old. Our result is the first investigation of experienced alienation and potential influential factors in Chinese left-behind children. The findings that children with absent mother experience higher alienation toward parents, as well as three recognized risk factors for alienation of affection toward parents (poor communication with absent parents, worse left-behind condition, and psychosocial vulnerability), give valuable guidance for parents who intend to leave or who are already leaving as well as for government policymaking.

scholarly journals Exploring Influences on Theory of Mind Impairment in Opioid Dependent Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Eidenmueller ◽  
Franz Grimm ◽  
Derik Hermann ◽  
Ulrich Frischknecht ◽  
Christiane Montag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Addictive Disorders

Theory of mind (ToM) is an aspect of social cognition impaired in different addictive disorders, including opioid addiction. This study aimed at replicating ToM deficits in opioid dependent patients undergoing opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) and exploring the influence of substance use related variables, executive functions and childhood maltreatment on ToM in opioid dependent patients. 66 opioid dependent patients were tested using the Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) and compared with the data of healthy controls. Furthermore, the opioid dependent patients underwent testing for executive functions and filled in the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Performance on the MASC was significantly poorer in the opioid dependence group than in the control group, even when recent additional drug use and psychiatric comorbidities were controlled for. No correlations were found between ToM and substance use related factors. Aspects of ToM performance in opioid dependent patients correlated significantly with different EF domains. ToM correlated significantly with the CTQ scales for physical maltreatment. The results confirm impaired ToM in opioid dependent patients and highlight executive functions and childhood maltreatment as influential factors. The lack of associations between ToM and substance use related variables and the association with childhood maltreatment suggest that ToM impairments might be a risk factor predating substance abuse.

scholarly journals A study to assess nutritional status and related factors among children of 6 months to 5 years in residing at field practice area of B. J. Medical Collage, Ahmedabad

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 4105
Author(s):  
Hely Bharatbhai Patel ◽  
Vaishali Chandrakant Patel ◽  
Hetal Y. Patel ◽  
Rajan K. Parmar ◽  
Alpesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Field Practice

Background: Under nutrition continues to be an important public health problem, inspite of several nutrition intervention programs in India. The present study was carried out to know the prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting among 6 months to 5 years children and to assess nutrition status and related factors among study population.Methods: A community based cross sectional study using stratified random sampling. Total 165 samples were taken from 5 field practice area of B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad. From each area 33 random samples were taken.Results: Out of 165 children 80 and 85 were male and female. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting was 45%, 46% and 29% respectively. SE class IV and V, low birth weight, higher birth order, late age of starting complementary feeding, parents education were significantly associated with undernutrition.Conclusions: The risk of undernutrition is higher in field practice area of B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad. There is a need to strengthen promotion of maternal nutrition; maternal education and improving household socio-economic condition along with health care services may improve nutritional status of children.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Work-Related Factors Associated with Lower Back Musculoskeletal Disorders in Female Shellfish Gatherers in Saubara, Bahia-Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Barreto Moreira Couto ◽  
Ila Rocha Falcão ◽  
Juliana dos Santos Müller ◽  
Ivone Batista Alves ◽  
Wendel da Silva Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Occupational Class ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Lower Back

: Lower back musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are an important public health problem and the leading cause of disability worldwide, but with yet unknown prevalence among shellfish gatherers. To investigate the prevalence and work-related factors associated with lower back MSD in a population of female shellfish gatherers, an epidemiological cross-sectional study was carried out in Saubara, Bahia-Brazil, in 2013. The Brazilian version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), in addition to a questionnaire containing the physical demands adapted to the artisanal work, were applied to a random sample of 209 female shellfish gatherers. The prevalence of lower back MSD was 72.7%. Using multivariate logistic regression, the shellfish gatherers who had worked for more than 26 years in the activity showed a prevalence of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.04–1.44) times higher compared to those unexposed. Lower back MSD was 1.24 (95% CI: 1.08–1.42) times higher among those more exposed to work sitting with trunk flexion. Those performed manual handling and muscle force with the arms had a prevalence ratio of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.01–1.39). These results show the need for greater awareness of health and social welfare factors impacting workers in small-scale fisheries and will promote the elaboration of health care policies for this occupational class.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SPORTS TRAINING ON SOCIAL AND ACADEMIC SKILLS IN AUTISTIC INDIVIDUALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Özge Parlak ◽  
Mehmet Şahin ◽  
Faruk Salih Şeker
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Academic Skills ◽  
Body Awareness ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Sport Education ◽  
Sports Training ◽  
Important Public Health Problem

<p>Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an important public health problem. It refers to a developmental disability and can cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. According to the previous studies there is no precisely treatment for individuals with ASD. However, they can be improved and can be taught important skills such as expressing their feelings, overcoming their fears, developing their physical abilities and working and bonding with their peers by especially sport education. Sport education or training was implemented with 10 participants with ASD aged 5,5–29 years. One parent from each family who accompanied ten individuals with ASD during sporting events participated in this study. A standardized open-ended interview method was applied to the parents. Social Skill Interview Questions and Academic Skill Interview Questions were applied to the interviewees. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed. The purpose of the current study was to explore the effect of sports training on social and academic skills in individuals with ASD. Sport helped individual with ASD make progress in social skills such as communication, participation in the game, social relations, behavioral problems and waiting in line, body awareness and balance control, interests, following rules and instructions. On the other hand, it did not yield to the ability to transition from activity to activity and it did not contribute to a few individuals with ASD, while it contributed positively to many individuals with ASD, although some had rather slow success. In the academic skills of sports, perception studies supported skills such as preparation for first literacy, sound words and sentences, listening, relations between objects, and rhythmic counting. While it was recognized that sports contributed considerable improvement to some of the individuals in skills such as writing their own names, grammar, natural numbers, operations, and measures, unfortunately it did not help some of them in progress. It was observed that the majority of those who did not progress were younger. Sport training or education did not support to the ability to perform operations using division and calculator. Evidence suggests that sport education has ultimately a positive effect on the social and academic skills of individuals with ASD. </p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0874/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Suicide on the Indian Subcontinent

Crisis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Formidable Challenge ◽  
Causative Factors

Summary: The Indian subcontinent comprises eight countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Bhutan, and the Maldives) and a collective population of more than 1.3 billion people. 10% of the world's suicides (more than 100,000 people) take place in just three of these countries, viz. India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan. There is very little information on suicides from the other four countries. Some differences from suicides in Western countries include the high use of organophosphate insecticides, larger numbers of married women, fewer elderly subjects, and interpersonal relationship problems and life events as important causative factors. There is need for more and better information regarding suicide in the countries of the Indian subcontinent. In particular, studies must address culture-specific risk factors associated with suicide in these countries. The prevention of this important public health problem in an area of the world with myriad socio-economic problems, meager resources, and stigmatization of mental illness poses a formidable challenge to mental health professionals, policy makers, and governments of these countries.

Study of the efficacy of Pathadi Ghanavati with Lajamanda in the management of Aamatisara

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhura Jadhav ◽  
P. D. Londhe
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Loose Motion ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Watery Stool ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Effective Remedy ◽  
Trial Drug

Acute Diarrhoea is an important public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates that there are more than 1000 million cases of Acute Diarrhoea. Loose motion less than 2 weeks that labelled as Acute Diarrhoea. Diarrhoea is described in Ayurvedic classics with the name of ‘Atisara’. It means passing of excessive flow of watery stool through anus. Most important factor in the pathogenesis of Aamatisara is Mandagni. In present study 50 patients of Aamatisara were selected from OPD and IPD of Kayachikitsa department. For the clinical study Pathadi Ghanavati and Lajamanda was selected as the trial drug which was given for the duration of 7 days in the dose of 1gm twice a day. It was observed that 32% patients were from the age group 51-60 years, 70% were females, 62% were from lower-middle socio economic class. Sama Jivha was found in all the patients. Among results loose motion showed 98.75% relief, 97.82% showed improvement in Udarashoola, 97.43% improvement in Agnimandya and Daurbalya each, 100% relief was seen in Aruchi. All the symptoms showed highly significant results. Hence it can be concluded that Pathadi Ghanavati and Lajamanda is very effective remedy in the patients of Aamatisara.

scholarly journals Sarcopenic Obesity in Liver Cirrhosis: Possible Mechanism and Clinical Impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Hiroki Nishikawa ◽  
Hirayuki Enomoto ◽  
Shuhei Nishiguchi ◽  
Hiroko Iijima
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Clinical Consequences

The picture of chronic liver diseases (CLDs) has changed considerably in recent years. One of them is the increase of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. More and more CLD patients, even those with liver cirrhosis (LC), tend to be presenting with obesity these days. The annual rate of muscle loss increases with worsening liver reserve, and thus LC patients are more likely to complicate with sarcopenia. LC is also characterized by protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). Since the PEM in LC can be invariable, the patients probably present with sarcopenic obesity (Sa-O), which involves both sarcopenia and obesity. Currently, there is no mention of Sa-O in the guidelines; however, the rapidly increasing prevalence and poorer clinical consequences of Sa-O are recognized as an important public health problem, and the diagnostic value of Sa-O is expected to increase in the future. Sa-O involves a complex interplay of physiological mechanisms, including increased inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, hormonal disorders, and decline of physical activity. The pathogenesis of Sa-O in LC is diverse, with a lot of perturbations in the muscle–liver–adipose tissue axis. Here, we overview the current knowledge of Sa-O, especially focusing on LC.

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