scholarly journals Association Between Sense of Coherence and Health Outcomes at 10 and 20 Years Follow-Up: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dziuba ◽  
Janina Krell-Roesch ◽  
Steffen C. E. Schmidt ◽  
Klaus Bös ◽  
Alexander Woll
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Health Parameters

Background: The sense of coherence (SOC) is reported to influence health, but health may also have an impact on SOC. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal associations between SOC and selected self-reported and physician-assessed health outcomes over a period of 10 and 20 years and to determine the predominant direction of the associations.Methods: We conducted a population-based, longitudinal study, involving 392 participants (188 females and 204 males; mean age 43.01 years) who were followed for a median of 10 and 18 years. Analyses of variance were carried out to examine the longitudinal associations between SOC at baseline and health outcomes (i.e., self-rated health status, SHS; physical health status assessed by a physician, PHS; self-reported satisfaction with life, SWL) at follow-ups. The direction of associations was examined using a cross-lagged model on correlation coefficients.Results: There were significant group effects for SOC at baseline on SHS at 20-year follow-up (F = 4.09, p = 0.018, ηp2 = 0.041), as well as on SWL at 10-year (F = 12.67, p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.072) and at 20-year follow-up (F = 8.09, p < 0.1, ηp2 = 0.069). SHS (r = 0.238, p < 0.01), PHS (r = −0.140, p < 0.05) and SWL (r = 0.400, p < 0.01) predicted SOC at 10-year follow-up stronger than vice versa. The direction of associations between SOC and health parameters at 20-year follow-up was less consistent.Conclusions: The long-term associations between SOC and self-reported and physician-assessed health may be reciprocal in community-dwelling adults. More research is needed to examine the predictive power of health on SOC and whether interventions targeted at improving health parameters, may impact SOC.

scholarly journals Does the Sense of Coherence Predict Health 10 and 20 Years Later? - Results From A Population-Based Longitudinal Study in Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dziuba ◽  
Janina Krell-Roesch ◽  
Steffen C.E. Schmidt ◽  
Klaus Bös ◽  
Alexander Woll
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Health Parameters

Abstract BackgroundThe sense of coherence (SOC) is reported to influence health, but health may also have an impact on SOC. The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal associations between SOC and selected self-reported and physician-assessed health outcomes over a period of 10 and 20 years, and to determine the direction of the associations.MethodsWe conducted a population-based, longitudinal study, involving 392 participants (204 males; mean age 43.01 years) who were followed for a median of 10 and 18 years. Analyses of variance were carried out to examine the longitudinal associations between SOC at baseline and health outcomes (i.e., self-rated health status, SHS; physical health status assessed by physician, PHS; self-reported satisfaction with life, SWL) at follow-ups. The direction of associations was examined using a cross-lagged model on correlation coefficients, adjusted for sex and age at baseline.Results There were significant group effects for SOC at baseline on SWL at 10-year (F = 11.91, p < .01, ηp² = .068) and at 20-year follow-up (F = 6.68, p = .002, ηp² = .057). SHS (r = .238, p < .01), PHS (r = -.140, p < .05) and SWL (r = .400, p < .01) predicted SOC at 10-year follow-up stronger than vice versa. The direction of associations between SOC and health parameters at 20-year follow-up was less consistent.ConclusionsThe long-term associations between SOC and self-reported and physician-assessed health may be reciprocal in community-dwelling adults. More research is needed to examine the predictive power of health on SOC and whether interventions targeted at improving health parameters, may impact SOC.

scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors of depressive symptoms in 4 years of follow-up among mid-aged and elderly community-dwelling Chinese adults: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e029529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wen ◽  
Chunjuan Liu ◽  
Jing Liao ◽  
Yiqiong Yin ◽  
Dongmei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of depressive symptoms, and determine if baseline risk factors conferred a risk for incident depressive symptoms in nationally representative sample of mid-aged and elderly Chinese adults.DesignThis study was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort from a nationally representative sample.SettingCommunity samples were recruited from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A four-stage, stratified, cluster probability sampling strategy was used, which included 10 257 households with members aged 45 years or older and their spouse.ParticipantsA total of 11 533 participants free of depressive symptoms at baseline were identified, and 10 288 were re-examined in either the first and/or the second follow-up surveys. The current analysis was conducted among the 10 288 participants.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDepressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale short form.ResultsThe findings showed that the incidence of depressive symptoms in a 4-year follow-up was as high as 22.3%. The incidence was much higher in rural areas (25.7%) and in women (27.9%). Furthermore, participants with 1 hour longer of night-time sleep had a 10% lower risk of developing depressive symptoms. Compared with individuals who perceived their health status as poor, those who perceived their health status as excellent had a 62% lower risk of developing depressive symptoms. In addition, having diabetes (OR=1.19), chronic kidney disease (OR=1.32), chronic digestive disorders (OR=1.15) and arthritis (OR=1.43) at baseline increased the risk of depressive symptoms. However, baseline body mass index was not associated with the subsequent depressive symptoms in this population.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of developing an appropriate screening test to identify depressive symptoms for those who are vulnerable and ensure these individuals can receive early interventions for depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Compassion toward others and self-compassion predict mental and physical well-being: a 5-year longitudinal study of 1090 community-dwelling adults across the lifespan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen E. Lee ◽  
Tushara Govind ◽  
Marina Ramsey ◽  
Tsung Chin Wu ◽  
Rebecca Daly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThere is growing interest in the role of compassion in promoting health and well-being, with cross-sectional data showing an inverse correlation with loneliness. This is the first longitudinal study examining both compassion toward others (CTO) and compassion toward self (CTS) as predictors of mental and physical health outcomes including loneliness, across adult lifespan. We followed 552 women and 538 men in San Diego County for up to 7.5 (mean 4.8 and SD 2.2) years, using validated rating scales for CTO, CTS, and loneliness. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to examine age- and sex-related trajectories of CTO and CTS over time. Linear regression models were used to evaluate baseline and longitudinal relationships of CTO and CTS with mental well-being, physical well-being, and loneliness. CTS and CTO were weakly intercorrelated. Women had higher baseline CTO than men. While CTO was stable over time and across the lifespan, CTS scores had an inverse U-shaped relationship with age, peaking around age 77. There were significant baseline × slope interactions of both CTO and CTS predicting improvements in physical well-being in adults <60 years old. Increases in CTO and CTS predicted improvements in mental well-being. Higher baseline CTO and CTS as well as increases in CTO and CTS scores predicted lower loneliness scores at follow-up. Thus, CTO and CTS were associated with better mental well-being and loneliness across the adult lifespan, and physical well-being in younger adults, and are promising targets for interventions to improve health outcomes.

Obesity and metabolic health status are determinants for the clinical expression of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 1849-1857
Author(s):  
Jun-Bean Park ◽  
Da Hye Kim ◽  
Heesun Lee ◽  
In-Chang Hwang ◽  
Yeonyee E Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Clinical Expression ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Study Participants

Aims We sought to investigate the association of obesity and metabolic health status with the incidence of clinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) diagnosis in the general population. Our goal was to identify modifiable risk factors to attenuate clinical expression of HCM, enabling management evolution from a mostly passive strategy of risk stratification to a proactive strategy of modifying disease expression. Methods Using nationwide population-based data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, 28,679,891 people who were free of prevalent HCM and who underwent health examinations between 2009 and 2015 were followed until 31 December 2016. The primary outcome was clinical HCM that was defined as incident diagnosis of HCM during the follow-up, after a blanking period of 12 months. Results Over a median follow-up of 5.2 years, 0.027% ( n = 7851) of the study participants were diagnosed as incident HCM. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 0.059. A significant association was found between body mass index (BMI) and the incidence of clinical HCM after multivariate adjustment, with a hazard ratio per 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI of 1.063 (95% confidence interval 1.051–1.075). Metabolically unhealthy participants had a greater incidence of HCM than metabolically healthy participants, regardless of obesity status. The effect of BMI was more pronounced in several subgroups, including participants with no hypertension, those aged less than 65 years and men. Conclusion We found that individuals with obesity and/or metabolic abnormalities had a significantly higher incidence of clinical HCM diagnosis than their counterparts. Efforts to manage obesity and metabolic abnormalities may be important in modifying clinical expression of HCM.

The Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Ideal Cardiovascular Health in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 968-975
Author(s):  
Leanna M. Ross ◽  
Jacob L. Barber ◽  
Alexander C. McLain ◽  
R. Glenn Weaver ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study

Background: This study examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Methods: CRF and the 7 CVH components were measured in 11,590 (8865 males; 2725 females) adults at baseline and in 2532 (2160 males; 372 females) adults with at least one follow-up examination from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Ideal CVH score was calculated as a composite of 7 measures, each scored 0 to 2. CVH groups were based on participant point score: ≤7 (poor), 8 to 11 (intermediate), and 12 to 14 (ideal). Analyses included general linear, logistic regression, and linear mixed models. Results: At baseline, participants in the high CRF category had 21% and 45% higher mean CVH scores than those in the moderate and poor CRF categories (P < .001). The adjusted odds (95% confidence interval) of being in the poor CVH group at baseline were 4.9 (4.4–5.4) and 16.9 (14.3–19.9) times greater for individuals with moderate and low CRF, respectively, compared with those with high CRF (P < .001). Longitudinal analysis found that for every 1-minute increase in treadmill time, CVH score increased by 0.23 units (P < .001) independent of age, sex, exam number, and exam year. Conclusions: Higher CRF is associated with better CVH profiles, and improving CRF over time is independently associated with greater improvements in CVH.

scholarly journals Predicting poorer health outcomes in older community-dwelling patients with multimorbidity: prospective cohort study assessing the accuracy of different multimorbidity definitions

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e023919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Sasseville ◽  
Susan M Smith ◽  
Lisa Freyne ◽  
Ronald McDowell ◽  
Fiona Boland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Reported Health

PurposeMultimorbidity is commonly defined and measured using condition counts. The UK National Institute for Health Care Excellence Guidelines for Multimorbidity suggest that a medication-orientated approach could be used to identify those in need of a multimorbidity approach to management.ObjectivesTo compare the accuracy of medication-based and diagnosis-based multimorbidity measures at higher cut-points to identify older community-dwelling patients who are at risk of poorer health outcomes.DesignA secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study with a 2-year follow-up (2010–2012).Setting15 general practices in Ireland.Participants904 older community-dwelling patients.ExposureBaseline multimorbidity measurements based on both medication classes count (MCC) and chronic disease count (CDC).OutcomesMortality, self-reported health related quality of life, mental health and physical functioning at follow-up.AnalysisSensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) adjusting for clustering by practice for each outcome using both definitions.ResultsOf the 904 baseline participants, 53 died during follow-up and 673 patients completed the follow-up questionnaire. At baseline, 223 patients had 3 or more chronic conditions and 89 patients were prescribed 10 or more medication classes. Sensitivity was low for both MCC and CDC measures for all outcomes. For specificity, MCC was better for all outcomes with estimates varying from 88.8% (95% CI 85.2% to 91.6%) for physical functioning to 90.9% (95% CI 86.2% to 94.1%) for self-reported health-related quality of life. There were no differences between MCC and CDC in terms of PPV and NPV for any outcomes.ConclusionsNeither measure demonstrated high sensitivity. However, MCC using a definition of 10 or more regular medication classes to define multimorbidity had higher specificity for predicting poorer health outcomes. While having limitations, this definition could be used for proactive identification of patients who may benefit from targeted clinical care.

scholarly journals Population-Based Longitudinal Study of Follow-Up Care for Patients With Colorectal Cancer in Nova Scotia

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Urquhart ◽  
Amy Folkes ◽  
Geoffrey Porter ◽  
Cynthia Kendell ◽  
Martha Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Continuity Of Care ◽  
Guideline Adherence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Follow Up Care

Transitioning routine follow-up to primary care could potentially increase guideline adherence by improving access to and continuity of care.

scholarly journals Personality-Related Determinants of Subtle Cognitive Decline in Old Age: A Population-Based Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristelle Rodriguez ◽  
Emiliano Albanese ◽  
Alan Pegna ◽  
Simona Toma ◽  
Marine Ackermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Background/Aims: Recent studies of cases with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) suggested that besides Alzheimer disease (AD)-related biomarkers, some personality dimensions are associated with progression to AD. To date, there are no studies addressing the psychological determinants of subtle cognitive decline in healthy elderly controls. Methods: 488 community-dwelling healthy controls were assessed with a detailed neuropsychological battery at baseline and an 18-month follow-up. Personality factors and facets were investigated at baseline using the NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO-PI-R). Upon follow-up, there were 264 stable controls (sCON) and 224 deteriorating controls (dCON). Their personality data were compared to those of the 102 MCI cases using one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression models. Results: Significantly higher scores of Openness factor (as well as Aesthetics, Ideas and Values facets) were found in sCON than in both dCON and MCI cases. The three groups did not differ in the other NEO-PI-R factor and facet scores. Openess factor (and the same facets) was associated with cognitive preservation in healthy controls (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.87). Lower scores in the same factor and facets conferred higher risk to have MCI (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.79). Conclusion: Higher openness to new experiences and thoughts may be a protective factor against early cognitive decline in brain aging.

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