Effect of Meperidine on Equine Blood Histamine, Tryptase, and Immunoglobulin-E Concentrations

Objectives: To evaluate changes in immunological parameters following subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) administration of meperidine in horses through quantitative analysis of plasma tryptase, histamine, and IgE levels.Methods: Six adult horses were enrolled in a prospective randomized crossover design. Horses were administered one treatment per day, with a seven day washout period: (a) meperidine 1 mg/kg IM, saline 6 mL SC; (b) saline 6 mL IM, meperidine 1 mg/kg SC; (c) saline 6 mL SC, saline 6 mL IM. Blood samples were obtained for plasmatic histamine (baseline, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min) via LC-MS/MS and plasmatic tryptase (baseline, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 min) quantification with enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations prior to any meperidine treatment and 7–14 days following the first meperidine treatment were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays. Histamine and tryptase concentrations were evaluated with a mixed-effect analysis of variance. The levels of IgE at baseline (before the administration of the first dose of meperidine) were compared with the IgE values at 60 min following the second meperidine administration with the Paired t test. Biopsies of localized injection site reactions from subcutaneous meperidine administration were collected from two horses.Results: No statistically significant elevations from baseline in histamine (p = 0.595), tryptase (p = 0.836), or IgE (p = 0.844) were found in any of the horses in this study. There were no differences between treatment groups. Administration of SC meperidine caused a localized vasculitis and thrombosis with regional edema and hemorrhage.Conclusion: No evidence of anaphylactoid or anaphylactic type reactions occurred following IM or SC meperidine administration.

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Morphological variation and development in a Northern Norwegian role play register

Nordic Journal of Linguistics ◽

10.1017/s0332586520000219 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 289-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bror-Magnus S. Strand

Keyword(s):

Morphological Variation ◽

Role Play ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Effect Analysis ◽

Morphological Variables ◽

Effect Of Age

AbstractThis paper investigates the variation in and development of a set of morphological variables in a register known to be used by Norwegian children when engaging in role play. In this register they code-switch to something resembling the standard or Oslo variety for their in-character role utterances. The variation across variables, subjects, and age is demonstrated and discussed, and although most variables are used in the standard variants, their rates vary. A fitted binomial generalised mixed effect analysis on the most frequent variables shows that the rate of standard variants increases significantly as an effect of age.

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Effects of decreased estradiol-17β on the serum and anterior pituitary IGF-I system in pigs

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.1.06253 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 187 (3) ◽

pp. 369-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C K Hilleson-Gayne ◽

J A Clapper

Keyword(s):

Anterior Pituitary ◽

Percentage Increase ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Igf System ◽

Igf I ◽

Igf Binding ◽

Igf Binding Protein ◽

Estradiol 17Β

To further delineate the role of estradiol in the IGF system an experiment was conducted to determine the dosage of the aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole, needed to decreases serum concentrations of estradiol-17β (E2) in maturing boars. A second experiment was conducted to determine if administration of anastrozole to growing boars decreased serum concentrations of E2 and affected components of the serum and anterior pituitary gland (AP) IGF system vs untreated boars and barrows. In Experiment 1, 12 crossbred boars (292 days, 158 kg) were administered either 0, 1 or 10 mg/day anastrozole (n=4/group) beginning on day 1. Blood samples were collected every 7–14 days. Mean serum concentrations of E2 were decreased (P < 0·05) in the 10 mg group vs the 0 and 1 mg groups by day 36; however, no difference (P > 0·05) existed between the 0 and 1 mg groups. In Experiment 2, 24 crossbred boars and 12 barrows (101 days, 44 kg) were stratified by litter to one of three treatment groups (n=12): boars administered 10 mg/day anastrozole, boars administered 0 mg/day, and barrows administered 0 mg/day. Blood samples were collected and pigs were weighed on day 0 and every 14 days thereafter, then killed on day 84 when blood and APs were collected. The 10 mg/day pigs were fed the anastrozole-amended diet beginning on day 1. Mean serum concentrations of E2 did not differ (P > 0·05) between the 10 mg/day pigs and 0 mg/day pigs on day 0; however, on day 15 through to 84 mean serum concentrations of E2 were greater (P < 0·05) in 0 mg/day pigs than in the 10 mg/day pigs. Mean percentage increase in serum concentrations of IGF-I was greater (P < 0·05) in untreated boars than anastrozole-treated boars and barrows from day 58 through to 84. Mean percentage of basal IGF-I increased (P < 0·05) from day 29 through to 84 in untreated boars. Mean relative amounts of AP IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-2 and -5 were less (P < 0·01) in 10 mg/day pigs than in the 0 mg/day pigs, but each was greater (P < 0·01) than in barrows administered 0 mg/day. These results indicate anastrozole administered at a dosage of 10 mg/day suppresses serum concentrations of E2 in pigs. Administration of anastrozole to boars reduced the percentage increase in serum concentrations of IGF-I and relative amounts of AP IGFBP-2 and -5. These data further support a role for E2 in regulating components of the IGF system in pigs.

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Abstract P797: Sex Specific Plasma Protein Changes During Thrombectomy

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p797 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Amanda L Trout ◽

Jacqueline Frank ◽

Benton Maglinger ◽

Jill Roberts ◽

Ann M Stowe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽

Plasma Proteins ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Coagulation Factor ◽

Large Vessel ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Effect Analysis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Specific Proteins ◽

Growth Factor Beta

Introduction: Sex differences in stroke have been apparent with premenopausal females having a lower incidence of stroke with better outcomes than postmenopausal females and males. We examined sex-specific outcomes and changes in plasma proteins following emergent large vessel occlusions. The previously published Blood and Clot Thrombectomy Registry and Collaboration (BACTRAC), clinicaltrials.gov NCT03153683, allows for analysis of plasma proteins both systemically and distal to the thrombus. Methods: Plasma samples, processed in accordance with the BACTRAC protocol, were sent to Olink to run cardiometabolic and inflammatory panels. Demographics are reported as mean±SEM. Significance determined in Prism with Mann-Whitney, t-test, or pair mixed-effect analysis. Results: We evaluated 34 subjects, >18 yrs old (20 females, 14 males) enrolled in BACTRAC. There was no significant difference in age (68.9±2.7, 65.4±4.5 yrs, respectively) or comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, cholesterolemia). Interestingly, males had a larger (p<0.1) change in Modified Rankin Scale (mRS, premorbid-discharge, 3.4±1.8, 2.2±1.6, respectively) with larger infarcts (86,666±30,889 mm 3 , 36,228±10,943 mm 3 , respectively). This coincided with a lower (p<0.05) CTA collateral scores for males compared to females (0.64±0.67, 1.1±0.13, respectively). 12 proteins were significantly (p<0.1) higher in females, compared to males (5 proteins upregulated in both the systemic and intracranial, 3 systemic specific, and 4 intracranial specific). Males had 15 proteins significantly higher than females (3 proteins upregulated in both the systemic and intracranial, 12 systemic specific, and 0 intracranial specific). The most significant intracranial protein for females is coagulation factor XI (F11) and males is transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1). Analysis of an additional 16 subjects has begun to validate the sex specific proteins. Conclusions: Unexpectedly, males have larger infarcts and less independence following large vessel occlusions in BACTRAC. We hypothesize this is due to fewer collaterals which leads to sex specific signaling patterns. Additional analysis of the plasma and subjects in BACTRAC are needed to target sex specific therapeutic.

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Sex-dependent Pathological Aging Effect on Caudate Functional Connectivity in Mild Cognitive Impairment

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1005572/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhengshi Yang ◽

Jessica Z.K. Caldwell ◽

Jeffrey L. Cummings ◽

Aaron Ritter ◽

Jefferson W. Kinney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Aging Effect ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Aging Effects ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Effect Analysis ◽

Pathological Aging ◽

Age Related

Abstract Purpose To assess the pathological aging effect on caudate functional connectivity among mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants and examine whether and how sex and amyloid contribute to this process. Materials and Methods 277 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions from 163 cognitive normal (CN) older adults and 309 sessions from 139 participants with MCI were included as the main sample in our analysis. Pearson’s correlation was used to characterize the functional connectivity (FC) between caudate and each brain region, then caudate nodal strength was computed to quantify the overall caudate FC strength. Association analysis between caudate nodal strength and age was carried out in MCI and CN separately using linear mixed effect (LME) model with covariates (education, handedness, sex, Apolipoprotein E4 and intra-subject effect). Analysis of covariance was conducted to investigate sex, amyloid status and their interaction effects on aging with the fMRI data subset having amyloid status available. LME model was applied to women and men separately within MCI group to evaluate aging effects on caudate nodal strength and each region’s connectivity with caudate. We then evaluated the roles of sex and amyloid status in the associations of neuropsychological scores with age or caudate nodal strength. An independent cohort was used to validate the sex-dependent aging effects in MCI. Results The MCI group had significantly stronger age-related increase of caudate nodal strength compared to the CN group. Analyzing women and men separately revealed that the aging effect on caudate nodal strength among MCI participants was significant only for women (left: P=6.23x10−7, right: P=3.37x10−8), but not for men (P>0.3 for bilateral caudate). The aging effects on caudate nodal strength were not significantly mediated by brain amyloid burden. Caudate connectivity with ventral prefrontal cortex substantially contributed to the aging effect on caudate nodal strength in women with MCI. Higher caudate nodal strength is significantly related to worse cognitive performance in women but not in men with MCI. Conclusion Sex modulates the pathological aging effects on caudate nodal strength in MCI regardless of amyloid status. Caudate nodal strength may be a sensitive biomarker of pathological aging in women with MCI.

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A Simple, Rapid and Low-cost qPCR Assay for Evaluation the Severity of Exosomal PD-L1-mediated T cell Exhaustion in Blood Samples

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d1cc06496g ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Renhui Zhan ◽

Shanshan Wang ◽

Wenfei Guo ◽

Xiaonan Gao ◽

Xiaojun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

T Cell ◽

Low Cost ◽

Qpcr Assay ◽

T Cell Exhaustion ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Cell Exhaustion

A novel dual-aptamer activated proximity-induced qPCR assay was developed for quantitative analysis of exosomal PD-L1 on T cell-exosome complexes in blood samples.

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Placebo-controlled study on the effects of oral administration of Allium sativum L in postweaning piglets

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.105131 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 184 (10) ◽

pp. 316-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hannah Ayrle ◽

Heiko Nathues ◽

Anna Bieber ◽

Manuela Durrer ◽

Nele Quander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Condition ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Clinical Score ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Oral Supplementation ◽

Mixed Effect Models

Postweaning diarrhoea (PWD) due to Escherichia coli is an economically important disease in pig production. In this placebo-controlled study performed in Switzerland, the effects of oral supplementation of Allium sativum L. (garlic, AS) on performance (bodyweight (BW) and daily weight gain (DWG)) and health (body condition and clinical score) were investigated in postweaning piglets. Piglets (n=600) were randomly assigned to the treatment groups (placebo, AS or colistin) and observed from birth until three weeks postweaning. The treatments were administered for the first two weeks postweaning. Faecal dry matter (FDM) and coliform bacteria on pen level were measured weekly. Data were analysed using generalised mixed-effect models in R. BW and DWG of the AS group were significantly higher compared with placebo in the third week postweaning. No differences in body condition and FDM were observed. The clinical score of AS-treated animals was significantly better compared with the colistin group. About 33 per cent of the piglets of the AS and the placebo group had to be treated with antibiotics due to the occurrence of severe PWD. The major finding of this study showed that AS supplementation increased growth performance and improved clinical health, but did not reduce the incidence and severity of PWD.

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Nirtetralin inhibits growth of hepatitis E virus in HepaRG™ cells

Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.3329/bjp.v10i2.20923 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 377

Author(s):

Wu-Jing Zhang ◽

Ying-Bin Zhu ◽

Guo-Dong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Hepatoma Cell ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Human Hepatoma ◽

Human Hepatoma Cell ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Hepatoma Cell Lines ◽

The Core ◽

Cell Refinement

Among numerous established in human hepatoma cell lines, none has been shown susceptible to hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. Differentiation and infect ability are maintained but when these cells are cultured in the presence of corticoids and dimethyl sulfoxide. On exposure to the nirtetralin, the virion particles were found to be decreased with an IC50 of 2.277. Quantitative analysis of total and closed circular HEV RNA by real-time PCR performed on five independent experiments showed that only 1-5% of the HEV RNA internalized at day 1 post-infection entered the core of the cell refinement. The knockdown of 4E-BP1 led to a 1.7 ± 0.6-fold (mean ± SD, n = 5, p<0.01) and 2.4 ± 0.9-fold (mean ± SD, n = 4, p<0.05) (by the clone 56) growth of HEV RNA, respectively. Duncan's multiple range tests were applied to compare the differences between the treatment groups.

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Renal function in the laboratory rat: a student exercise.

AJP Advances in Physiology Education ◽

10.1152/advances.1995.268.6.s49 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 268 (6) ◽

pp. S49 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R L Walker ◽

M E Olson

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Fluid Intake ◽

Tap Water ◽

Extracellular Fluid ◽

Control Group ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Laboratory Rats ◽

Group A

Because of the increased concern over use of human body fluids in physiology teaching laboratories, we developed an exercise in renal function that utilizes laboratory rats. The purpose is to demonstrate the role of the kidneys in the homeostatic control of extracellular fluid volume, plasma ionic concentrations, and osmolarity. Three treatment groups are utilized: a volume-expanded (access to 1 g/100 ml sucrose) group, a volume-expanded and salt-loaded (access to 0.9 g/100 ml NaCl) group, and a volume-depleted (water-deprived) group. A normovolemic control group (access to tap water) is also included. Rats are housed individually in metabolic cages that allow accurate measurement of fluid intake and urine output. Blood samples are removed via cardiac puncture. The animals recover from this procedure and can be reutilized within 2-3 wk. When class data are pooled, clear trends are seen that demonstrate the volume-, osmo-, and ionoregulatory abilities of the kidneys.

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Effects of oestradiol and progesterone on pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone in ovariectomized ewes

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.1110172 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 111 (2) ◽

pp. 172-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C. Tamanini ◽

M. E. Crowder ◽

T. M. Nett

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Treatment Period ◽

Sampling Period ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Pulsatile Release ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Effect Of Treatment ◽

Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽

Cessation Of Treatment

Abstract. The effect of treatment with oestradiol, progesterone, a combination of the two steroids or no steroids on pulsatile release of luteinizing hormone (LH) was examined in ovariectomized ewes. Beginning 3 days after ovariectomy, 5 ewes were assigned to each of the following treatment groups: 0.7 mg oestradiol, 16 mg progesterone, 0.7 mg oestradiol plus 16 mg progesterone or no steroid. All treatments were administered twice daily for 3 weeks in a 0.5 ml injection of ethanol given sc. After 2 weeks of treatment and 1, 4, 8, 16 and 32 days after the treatment period ended, blood samples were obtained from all ewes at 10-min intervals for a 6-h period. At the end of the 6-h period, 100 μg gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was injected iv and blood samples were collected at 15 min intervals for an additional 5 h to estimate the relative pituitary content of LH. Ovariectomized ewes receiving no steroid presented regular pulses of LH at frequency of four to five pulses during a 6-h sampling period. Treatment with progesterone alone decreased the frequency of pulsatile release of LH to approximately 1 pulse/6 h, but did not affect the amplitudes of the pulses of LH. Recovery of pulsatile release of LH to a frequency of four or five pulses of LH in a 6-h period was complete between 16 and 32 days after treatment ended in progesterone-treated ewes. Oestradiol, administered alone or with progesterone, resulted in a decrease in both the frequency and the amplitude of pulses of LH compared to control ewes and a decrease in GnRH-induced release of LH. In these groups, the GnRH-induced release of LH had returned to normal by 32 days after cessation of treatment. Although frequency and amplitude of endogenous pulses had increased by 32 days post-treatment, neither parameter had returned to normal. These data suggest that oestradiol exerts an inhibitory effect on the pituitary by decreasing the content of LH to a level which precludes pulsatile release of LH. Progesterone, in contrast, may inhibit the frequency of release of pulses of LH by reducing the frequency of pulsatile release of GnRH from the hypothalamus.

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Comparative Efficacies of Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, and Moxifloxacin in Prevention of Bacteremia following Dental Extractions

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01550-05 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 50 (9) ◽

pp. 2996-3002 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

P. Diz Dios ◽

I. Tomás Carmona ◽

J. Limeres Posse ◽

J. Medina Henríquez ◽

J. Fernández Feijoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prophylactic Treatment ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Control Group ◽

Anesthesia Induction ◽

Beta Lactams ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Microbiological Techniques ◽

Group A ◽

Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACT We evaluated the efficacies of oral prophylactic treatment with amoxicillin (AMX), clindamycin (CLI), and moxifloxacin (MXF) in the prevention of bacteremia following dental extractions (BDE). Two hundred twenty-one adults who required dental extractions under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to a control group, an AMX group, a CLI group, and an MXF group (the individuals in the drug treatment groups received 2 g, 600 mg, and 400 mg, respectively, 1 to 2 h before anesthesia induction). Venous blood samples were collected from each patient at the baseline and 30 s, 15 min, and 1 h after the dental extractions. The samples were inoculated into BACTEC Plus aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles and were processed in a BACTEC 9240 instrument. Subculture and the further identification of the isolated bacteria were performed by conventional microbiological techniques. The prevalences of BDE in the control group, AMX group, CLI group, and MXF group were 96, 46, 85, and 57%, respectively, at 30 s; 64, 11, 70, and 24%, respectively, at 15 min; and 20, 4, 22, and 7%, respectively, at 1 h. Streptococcus spp. were the most frequently identified bacteria in all groups (44 to 68%), with the lowest percentage being detected in the AMX group (44%). AMX and MXF prophylaxis showed high efficacies in reducing the prevalence and duration of BDE, but CLI prophylaxis was noneffective. As a consequence, MXF prophylaxis is a promising antibiotic alternative for the prevention of BDE when beta-lactams are not indicated.

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