scholarly journals Plasmatic Dimethylarginines in Dogs With Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta Valente ◽  
Carlo Guglielmini ◽  
Marco Baron Toaldo ◽  
Giovanni Romito ◽  
Carlo Artusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Plasmatic Concentration

Plasmatic dimethylarginines, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are considered biomarkers of endothelial and renal dysfunction, respectively, in humans. We hypothesize that plasmatic concentration of dimethylarginines in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is influenced by heart disease stage. Eighty-five client-owned dogs with MMVD, including 39, 19, and 27 dogs in ACVIM stages B1, B2, and C+D, respectively, and a control group of 11 clinically healthy dogs were enrolled. A prospective, multicentric, case-control study was performed. Each dog underwent a complete clinical examination, arterial blood pressure measurement, thoracic radiography, six-lead standard electrocardiogram, transthoracic echocardiography, CBC, biochemical profile, and urinalysis. Plasmatic concentration of dimethylarginines was determined through high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Median ADMA was significantly increased in dogs of group C+D (2.5 μmol/L [2.1–3.0]) compared to those of group B1 (1.8 μmol/L [1.6–2.3]; p < 0.001) and healthy dogs (1.9 μmol/L [1.7–2.3]; p = 0.02). Median SDMA was significantly increased in dogs of group C+D (0.7 μmol/L [0.5–0.9]) compared to those of groups B1 (0.4 μmol/L [0.3–0.5]; p < 0.001), B2 (0.4 μmol/L [0.3–0.6]; p < 0.01), and the control group (0.4 μmol/L [0.35–0.45]; p = 0.001). In the final multivariable analysis, ADMA and SDMA were significantly associated with left atrium to aorta ratio (p < 0.001), and creatinine (p < 0.001), respectively. Increased plasmatic concentrations of dimethylarginines suggest a possible role as biomarkers of disease severity in dogs with decompensated MMVD.

scholarly journals Protective effects of omega-3 fatty acids in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease stages B2 and C

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254887
Author(s):  
Priscilla Regina Nasciutti ◽  
Aline Tavares Moraes ◽  
Thaiz Krawczyk Santos ◽  
Karine Kelly Gonçalves Queiroz ◽  
Ana Paula Araújo Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Effect ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Arterial Blood

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is characterized by thickening of the valve leaflets and omega-3 (ω-3) supplementation has been associated with modulation of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate, improvement of doppler echocardiographic indices, antiarrhythmic, anti-inflammatory and anti-dislipidemic effects in dogs and humans, although prospective studies of it single use are still absent in the veterinary literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of ω-3 supplementation in dogs with MMVD. Twenty-nine dogs were followed quarterly for 12 months by clinical evaluation, arterial blood pressure, electrocardiography, doppler echocardiography, thoracic radiography and laboratory tests including inflammatory mediators and cardiac biomarker blood concentrations. The dogs were classified in stages B2 and C, according to the classification proposed by ACVIM 2019. They were randomly assigned to either ω-3 group (ω-3G) or control group (CG). The ingestion of ω-3 reduced the chance of developing arrhythmias by 2.96 times (p = 0.003). The vertebral heart size (VHS) measurements were higher in the control group (p = 0.033). In conclusion, at the dosages used in this study, ω-3 dietary supplementation reduces the volumetric overload, has antiarrhythmic effect and keeps dogs with B2 and C stages of MMVD in milder stages of the disease.

scholarly journals Dietary intervention reduces left atrial enlargement in dogs with early preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease: a blinded randomized controlled study in 36 dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghong Li ◽  
Allison Heaney ◽  
Natalie Langenfeld-McCoy ◽  
Brittany Vester Boler ◽  
Dorothy P. Laflamme
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Cardiac Health ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Energy Deprivation

Abstract Background Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), the most common naturally-occurring heart disease in dogs, is associated with alterations in energy metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation. Energy deprivation plays a causal role in the development of heart failure. This study was designed to determine if a cardiac protection blend (CPB) of nutrients containing medium-chain triglycerides as an alternative energy source, fish oil to reduce inflammation, antioxidants, and other key nutrients important to cardiac health and function could slow or prevent MMVD progression. Nineteen dogs with early stage MMVD and 17 breed-, age-, and sex-matched healthy dogs were enrolled for a 6-month blinded, placebo-controlled study. Dogs in each cardiac health group were randomly assigned to either control diet (CON) or CPB-supplemented diet. Echocardiography was performed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Results No changes were found in healthy dogs. While MMVD-CON dogs had an average 10% increase over baseline in left atrial diameter (LAD) and left atrial to aortic root ratio (LA/Ao) at 6 months, MMVD-CPB dogs showed 3% decreases, resulting significant diet by time interactions (P = 0.037, P = 0.005, respectively). More MMVD-CON dogs progressed from stage B1 to B2 during the study. A positive correlation was found between 6-month changes in LAD and blood pressures in MMVD-CPB dogs (systolic: P = 0.050, diastolic: P = 0.035) but not MMVD-CON dogs. Conclusions Our results demonstrated efficacy of CPB-based dietary intervention in reducing LA size and mitral regurgitation, and in slowing or preventing the progression of early MMVD in dogs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the functional capacity in dogs with naturally acquired heart disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
CF Agudelo ◽  
P. Schanilec
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Acquired Heart Disease ◽  
Healthy Dogs

Functional capacity is the physical ability to perform a defined task. In humans it can be evaluated by using exercise testing, for instance sub-maximal exercise tests. Walking tests are widely used variations of sub-maximal exercise tests and in human medicine are considered to be realistically related to daily physical activity and prognosis in patients with heart failure. The aim of this study was to assess a sub-maximal exercise test in dogs with varying degrees of heart disease. The 6-minute walking test was used to test the functional capacity in healthy dogs and dogs with heart disease (degenerative mitral valve disease). Three groups of untrained owned dogs were compared. Two groups were dogs had mild and moderate degenerative mitral valve disease (ME-1 and ME-2, respectively) and the third group comprised healthy dogs with the same age and size conditions. Both groups of dogs with mitral valve disease walked shorter distances during 6 min (control 448.92 m; ME-1: 406.89 m; ME-2: 350.04 m). The influence of the test on the heart rate, electrocardiography and blood pressure was also evaluated. Although the 6-minute walking test has already been tested in healthy dogs, dogs with chronic pulmonary disease and dogs with artificially induced heart disease, this is the first time that this test has been validated in elderly dogs with naturally acquired heart disease. Thus, we demonstrate here that this test can be used reliably for assessing functional capacity in dogs with heart disease.  

scholarly journals New pathway in rheumatic mitral valve disease: cytochrome P450 and glutathione S transferase isozyme expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Simsek ◽  
Gulcin Simsek ◽  
Mehmet Fazıl Tolga Soyal ◽  
Pinar Kaygin ◽  
Ali Cemal Duzgun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve Insufficiency ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Valve Insufficiency

AbstractObjectiveCytochrome P450 (CYP)1A1, glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1) and omega (GSTO1) isozymes were evaluated and compared in patients with the diagnosis of rheumatic mitral valve disease and ischemic mitral valve insufficiency to find out the relationship of the oxidative stress with rheumatic mitral valve disease.Materials and methodsThe control group consisted of patients operated on due to ischemic mitral valve insufficiency (group I, n:14) while study group consisted of the patients operated on with the diagnosis of rheumatic mitral valve disease (group II, n:29). Mitral valve materials were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTO1 immunohistochemical markers were studied.Results20.7% of GSTP1 isozyme protein expression was seen in the study group; however, no expression was detected in the control group. This finding was statistically significant in terms of GSTP1 isozyme. No statistically significant differences in the level of GSTO1 and CYP1A1 protein expression between the study and control groups were observed.ConclusionIn this study, we found out that GSTP1 isozyme may be related to rheumatic mitral valve disease. A strategy that would help prevent oxidative stress in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease can be a so valuable means to affect disease progression.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic profiling of peripheral blood nucleated cells in dogs with and without clinical signs of chronic mitral valve disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Magdalena Garncarz ◽  
Magdalena Hulanicka ◽  
Marta Parzeniecka-Jaworska ◽  
Jacek Garncarz ◽  
Michał Jank
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Status ◽  
Healthy Dogs

Abstract The aim of the study was to demonstrate differences in the gene expression of signalling pathways between healthy dogs and dogs with chronic mitral valve disease in different heart failure groups. Blood samples were collected from 49 dogs of various breeds between 1.4 and 15.2 years of age. Isolated RNA samples were analysed for quality and integrity and the gene expression profile was determined. The study demonstrated that nucleated cells from peripheral blood can be used to assess the status of heart failure in dogs. Furthermore, significant differences in the expression of the genes were noticed between healthy dogs and dogs with clinical signs of chronic mitral valve disease. This is a preliminary non-invasive study showing the feasibility of genetic testing from peripheral blood nucleated cells, which at the same time has made it possible to set the future directions of genetic studies in clinical cases of canine chronic mitral valve disease.

scholarly journals Mitral prolapsing volume is associated with increased cardiac dimensions in patients with mitral annular disjunction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Luyten ◽  
S. Heuts ◽  
E. Cheriex ◽  
J. R. Olsthoorn ◽  
H. J. G. M. Crijns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Atrial Volume ◽  
Volume Shift

Abstract Introduction In patients with mitral annular disjunction (MAD), it can be difficult to assess the severity of mitral regurgitation (MR), as they present with a prolapsing volume (i.e. volume resulting from mitral valve prolapse, blood volume shift) rather than a regurgitant jet. The influence of the mitral prolapsing volume (MPV) on cardiac dimensions is unknown. We hypothesised that the severity of MR is underestimated in these patients. Our aim was to measure MPV and to investigate its influence on cardiac dimensions in patients with MAD. Methods We retrospectively included 131 consecutive patients with MAD from our institution’s echocardiographic database. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to assess MPV. Additionally, we established a control group of 617 consecutive patients with degenerative mitral valve disease and performed propensity score matching. Results Median MPV in the MAD group was 12 ml. MPV was an independent predictor for left ventricular end-diastolic (LVEDD) and end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and left atrial volume (all p < 0.001). In patients with large prolapsing volumes (> 15 ml), LVEDD (56 ± 6 mm vs 51 ± 6 mm, p < 0.001), LVESD [38 mm (34–41) vs 34 mm (31–39), p < 0.01] and left atrial volume [105 ml (86–159) vs 101 ml (66–123), p = 0.04] were significantly increased compared to matched patients with degenerative mitral valve disease and similarly assessed severity of MR. Conclusion Due to a volume shift based on the MPV rather than an actual regurgitant jet, MR severity cannot be assessed adequately in MAD patients. Increased MPV induces ventricular and atrial enlargement. These findings warrant future studies to focus on MPV as an additional parameter for assessment of the severity of MR in MAD patients.

scholarly journals Circulating Galectin-3 Evaluation in Dogs With Cardiac and Non-cardiac Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ga-Won Lee ◽  
Min-Hee Kang ◽  
Woong-Bin Ro ◽  
Doo-Won Song ◽  
Hee-Myung Park
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Healthy Dogs

Galectin-3 is involved in important biological functions such as fibrogenesis and inflammation. Notably, it is associated with various diseases and plays a major role in cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Although heart diseases are relatively common in dogs, a few studies have analyzed the circulating galectin-3 concentration in dogs with various heart diseases, including myxomatous mitral valve disease, patent ductus arteriosus, and pulmonic stenosis. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the effect of heart disease on circulating galectin-3 levels in dogs, and also to evaluate the correlation between galectin-3 concentration and conventional echocardiographic indices along with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentration in dogs with heart diseases. The medical records and archived serum samples of 107 dogs were evaluated retrospectively. In total, 107 dogs were classified into healthy dogs (n = 8), cardiac disease (n = 26), and non-cardiac disease groups (n = 73). The circulatory galectin-3 levels were analyzed using a commercially available canine-specific galectin-3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. This study demonstrated that dogs with heart, endocrine, and dermatologic diseases had significantly higher galectin-3 levels than healthy dogs (p = 0.009, p = 0.007, and p = 0.026, respectively). Among dogs with heart diseases, dogs with concentric cardiomyopathy had significantly increased circulatory galectin-3 levels compared with healthy dogs (p = 0.028). E′/A′ had a positive association with galectin-3 levels among conventional echocardiographic indices. Moreover, the galectin-3 concentration could predict diastolic dysfunction. In dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease, a significantly positive correlation was revealed between galectin-3 levels and NT-proBNP levels (p = 0.007). Overall, this study demonstrates that circulatory galectin-3 levels increase in dogs with heart, endocrine, and dermatologic diseases. Moreover, this study demonstrates that galectin-3 concentration could be helpful to evaluate cardiac remodeling and diastolic function. Further large-scale research is required to evaluate the role of circulating galectin-3 in dogs with heart diseases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document