scholarly journals Interference With ACSL1 Gene in Bovine Adipocytes: Transcriptome Profiling of mRNA and lncRNA Related to Unsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbin Bai ◽  
Xupeng Li ◽  
Zongchang Chen ◽  
Jingsheng Li ◽  
Hongshan Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Chain Acyl ◽  
Bovine Adipocytes ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mrna

The enzyme long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) is essential for lipid metabolism. The ACSL1 gene controls unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) synthesis as well as the formation of lipid droplets in bovine adipocytes. Here, we used RNA-Seq to determine lncRNA and mRNA that regulate UFA synthesis in bovine adipocytes using RNA interference and non-interference with ACSL1. The corresponding target genes of differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and the DE mRNAs were found to be enriched in lipid and FA metabolism-related pathways, according to GO and KEGG analyses. The differentially expressed lncRNA- differentially expressed mRNA (DEL-DEM) interaction network indicated that some DELs, such as TCONS_00069661, TCONS_00040771, TCONS_ 00035606, TCONS_00048301, TCONS_001309018, and TCONS_00122946, were critical for UFA synthesis. These findings assist our understanding of the regulation of UFA synthesis by lncRNAs and mRNAs in bovine adipocytes.

scholarly journals PRY-1/AXIN signaling regulates lipid metabolism inCaenorhabditis elegans

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayush Ranawade ◽  
Avijit Mallick ◽  
Bhagwati P Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
A Genome

SUMMARYThe nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansis a leading animal model to study how signaling pathway components function in conserved biological processes. Here, we describe the role of an Axin family member,pry-1, in lipid metabolism. As a central component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway,pry-1acts as a scaffold to multiprotein destruction complex that negatively regulates the expression of Wnt target genes. A genome-wide transcriptome profiling ofpry-1mutant revealed genes associated with aging and lipid metabolism such as vitellogenins (yolk lipoproteins), fatty acid desaturases, lipases, and fatty acid transporters. Consistent with this we found thatpry-1is crucial for the normal adult lifespan and maintenance of lipid levels. Knock-downs ofvitgenes inpry-1mutant background restored lipid levels, suggesting that Vitellogenins contribute to PRY-1 function in lipid metabolic processes. Additionally, lowered expression of desaturases and lipidomics analysis provided evidence that the fatty acid synthesis is reduced inpry-1mutants. In agreement with this an exogenous supply of oleic acid restored depleted lipids in somatic tissues of worms. Overall, our findings demonstrate that PRY-1/Axin signaling is essential for lipid metabolism and involves regulation of yolk proteins.

Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Functions of MicroRNAs in Rice Under the Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 927-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Peng ◽  
Yuewu Liu ◽  
Xinbo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas ◽  
Aba Biosynthesis

Background: Drought is one of the most damaging and widespread abiotic stresses that can severely limit the rice production. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as a promising tool for improving the drought tolerance of rice and have become a hot spot in recent years. Objective: In order to further extend the understanding of miRNAs, the functions of miRNAs in rice under drought stress are analyzed by bioinformatics. Method: In this study, we integrated miRNAs and genes transcriptome data of rice under the drought stress. Some bioinformatics methods were used to reveal the functions of miRNAs in rice under drought stress. These methods included target genes identification, differentially expressed miRNAs screening, enrichment analysis of DEGs, network constructions for miRNA-target and target-target proteins interaction. Results: (1) A total of 229 miRNAs with differential expression in rice under the drought stress, corresponding to 73 rice miRNAs families, were identified. (2) 1035 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, which included 357 up-regulated genes, 542 down-regulated genes and 136 up/down-regulated genes. (3) The network of regulatory relationships between 73 rice miRNAs families and 1035 DEGs was constructed. (4) 25 UP_KEYWORDS terms of DEGs, 125 GO terms and 7 pathways were obtained. (5) The protein-protein interaction network of 1035 DEGs was constructed. Conclusion: (1) MiRNA-regulated targets in rice might mainly involve in a series of basic biological processes and pathways under drought conditions. (2) MiRNAs in rice might play critical roles in Lignin degradation and ABA biosynthesis. (3) MiRNAs in rice might play an important role in drought signal perceiving and transduction.

scholarly journals A novel acyl-CoA-binding protein from bovine liver. Effect on fatty acid synthesis

1987 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
I B Mogensen ◽  
H Schulenberg ◽  
H O Hansen ◽  
F Spener ◽  
J Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Bovine Liver ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Proteins ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Chain Acyl

Bovine liver was shown to contain a hitherto undescribed medium-chain acyl-CoA-binding protein. The protein co-purifies with fatty-acid-binding proteins, but was, unlike these proteins, unable to bind fatty acids. The protein induced synthesis of medium-chain acyl-CoA esters on incubation with goat mammary-gland fatty acid synthetase. The possible function of the protein is discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of ChREBP deficiency on adrenal lipogenesis and steroidogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Takao ◽  
Katsumi Iizuka ◽  
Yanyan Liu ◽  
Teruaki Sakurai ◽  
Sodai Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Corticosterone Secretion ◽  
Element Binding Protein

Carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is critical in the regulation of fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis in the liver. Interestingly, Chrebp-/- mice show reduced levels of plasma cholesterol, which is critical for steroid hormone synthesis in adrenal glands. Furthermore, Chrebp mRNA expression was previously reported in human adrenal glands. Thus, it remains to be investigated whether ChREBP plays a role directly or indirectly in steroid hormone synthesis and release in adrenal glands. In the present study, we find that Chrebp mRNA is expressed in mouse adrenal glands and that ChREBP binds to carbohydrate response elements. Histological analysis of Chrebp-/- mice shows no adrenal hyperplasia and less oil red O staining compared with that in wild-type mice. In adrenal glands of Chrebp-/- mice, expression of Fasn and Scd1, two enzymes critical for fatty acid synthesis, was substantially lower and triglyceride content was reduced. Expression of Srebf2, a key transcription factor controlling synthesis and uptake of cholesterol and the target genes was upregulated, while cholesterol content was not significantly altered in the adrenal glands of Chrebp-/- mice. Adrenal corticosterone content and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone levels were not significantly altered in Chrebp-/- mice. Consistently, expression of genes related to steroid hormone synthesis was not altered. Corticosterone secretion in response to two different stimuli, namely 24-h starvation and cosyntropin administration, were also not altered in Chrebp-/- mice. Taking these results together, corticosterone synthesis and release were not affected in Chrebp-/- mice despite reduced plasma cholesterol levels.

scholarly journals Response of Fatty Acid Synthesis Genes to the Binding of Human Salivary Amylase by Streptococcus gordonii

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1865-1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna E. Nikitkova ◽  
Elaine M. Haase ◽  
M. Margaret Vickerman ◽  
Steven R. Gill ◽  
Frank A. Scannapieco
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Streptococcus Gordonii ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Salivary Amylase ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTStreptococcus gordonii, an important primary colonizer of dental plaque biofilm, specifically binds to salivary amylase via the surface-associated amylase-binding protein A (AbpA). We hypothesized that a function of amylase binding toS. gordoniimay be to modulate the expression of chromosomal genes, which could influence bacterial survival and persistence in the oral cavity. Gene expression profiling by microarray analysis was performed to detect genes inS. gordoniistrain CH1 that were differentially expressed in response to the binding of purified human salivary amylase versus exposure to purified heat-denatured amylase. Selected genes found to be differentially expressed were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Five genes from the fatty acid synthesis (FAS) cluster were highly (10- to 35-fold) upregulated inS. gordoniiCH1 cells treated with native amylase relative to those treated with denatured amylase. AnabpA-deficient strain ofS. gordoniiexposed to amylase failed to show a response in FAS gene expression similar to that observed in the parental strain. Predicted phenotypic effects of amylase binding toS. gordoniistrain CH1 (associated with increased expression of FAS genes, leading to changes in fatty acid synthesis) were noted; these included increased bacterial growth, survival at low pH, and resistance to triclosan. These changes were not observed in the amylase-exposedabpA-deficient strain, suggesting a role for AbpA in the amylase-induced phenotype. These results provide evidence that the binding of salivary amylase elicits a differential gene response inS. gordonii, resulting in a phenotypic adjustment that is potentially advantageous for bacterial survival in the oral environment.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of miRNA and mRNA in the livers of pigs with highly diverged backfat thickness

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Xing ◽  
Xitong Zhao ◽  
Hong Ao ◽  
Shaokang Chen ◽  
Ting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Differentially Expressed Mirnas

AbstractFat deposition is very important in pig production, and its mechanism is not clearly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in fat deposition and energy metabolism. In the current study, we investigated the mRNA and miRNA transcriptome in the livers of Landrace pigs with extreme backfat thickness to explore miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks related to lipid deposition and metabolism. A comparative analysis of liver mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes from pigs (four pigs per group) with extreme backfat thickness was performed. We identified differentially expressed genes from RNA-seq data using a Cufflinks pipeline. Seventy-one differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including twenty-eight well annotated on the porcine reference genome genes, were found. The upregulation genes in pigs with higher backfat thickness were mainly involved in fatty acid synthesis, and included fatty acid synthase (FASN), glucokinase (GCK), phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), and apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4). Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily J, polypeptide 34 (CYP2J34) was lower expressed in pigs with high backfat thickness, and is involved in the oxidation of arachidonic acid. Moreover, 13 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Seven miRNAs were associated with fatty acid synthesis, lipid metabolism, and adipogenic differentiation. Based on comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome of both mRNAs and miRNAs, an important regulatory network, in which six DEGs could be regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs, was established for fat deposition. The negative correlate in the regulatory network including, miR-545-5p and GRAMD3, miR-338 and FASN, and miR-127, miR-146b, miR-34c, miR-144 and THBS1 indicate that direct suppressive regulation may be involved in lipid deposition and energy metabolism. Based on liver mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes from pigs with extreme backfat thickness, we identified 28 differentially expressed genes and 13 differentially expressed miRNAs, and established an important miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms that determine fat deposition in pigs.

scholarly journals Bioinformatical Analysis of miRNA-mRNA Interaction Network Underlying Macrophage Aging and Cholesterol-Responsive Difference between Young and Aged Macrophages

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jianqing Li ◽  
Xue Yin ◽  
Bingyu Zhang ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Peirong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Metabolic Process ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Functional Annotations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Bioinformatical Analysis

Purpose. Macrophage aging is involved with the occurrence and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The purpose of this study was to identify the specific microRNAs (miRNA), mRNAs, and their interactions underlying macrophage aging and response to cholesterol through bioinformatical analysis in order to get a better understanding of the mechanism of AMD. Methods. The microarray data were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (accession GSE111304 and GSE111382). The age-related differentially expressed genes in macrophages were identified using R software. Further miRNA-mRNA interactions were analyzed through miRWalk, mirTarBase, starBase, and then produced by Cytoscape. The functional annotations including Gene Ontology and KEGG pathways of the miRNA target genes were performed by the DAVID and the STRING database. In addition, protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify the key genes in response to exogenous cholesterol. Results. When comparing aged and young macrophages, a total of 14 miRNAs and 101 mRNAs were detected as differentially expressed. Besides, 19 validated and 544 predicted miRNA-mRNA interactions were detected. Lipid metabolic process was found to be associated with macrophage aging through functional annotations of the miRNA targets. After being treated with oxidized and acetylated low-density lipoprotein, miR-714 and 16 mRNAs differentially expressed in response to both kinds of cholesterol between aged and young macrophages. Among them, 6 miRNA-mRNA predicted pairs were detected. The functional annotations were mainly related to lipid metabolism process and farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1 (FDFT1) was identified to be the key gene in the difference of response to cholesterol between aged and young macrophages. Conclusions. Lipid metabolic process was critical in both macrophage aging and response to cholesterol thus was regarded to be associated with the occurrence and progression of AMD. Moreover, miR-714-FDFT1 may modulate cholesterol homeostasis in aged macrophages and have the potential to be a novel therapeutic target for AMD.

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