scholarly journals Farmers’ Knowledge and Management Practices of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in Benin, West Africa

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Sidol Houngbo ◽  
Afio Zannou ◽  
Augustin Aoudji ◽  
Hervé C. Sossou ◽  
Antonio Sinzogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Botanical Pesticides ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Vespula Vulgaris ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides

Spodoptera frugiperda has caused significant losses of farmer income in sub-Saharan countries since 2016. This study assessed farmers’ knowledge of S. frugiperda, their perceptions and management practices in Benin. Data were collected through a national survey of 1237 maize farmers. Ninety-one point eight percent of farmers recognized S. frugiperda damage, 78.9% of them were able to identify its larvae, and 93.9% of the maize fields were infested. According to farmers, the perceived yield losses amounted to 797.2 kg/ha of maize, representing 49% of the average maize yield commonly obtained by farmers. Chi-square tests revealed that the severity of the pest attacks was significantly associated with cropping practices and types of grown maize varieties. About 16% of farmers identified francolin (Francolinus bicalcaratus), village weaver (Ploceus cucullatus), and common wasp (Vespula vulgaris) as natural enemies and 5% of them identified yellow nutsedge, chan, shea tree, neem, tamarind, and soybean as repellent plants of S. frugiperda. Most farmers (91.4%) used synthetic pesticides and 1.9% of them used botanical pesticides, which they found more effective than synthetic pesticides. Significant relationships exist between farmers’ management practices, their knowledge, organization membership, and contact with research and extension services. More research is required to further understand the effectiveness of botanical pesticides made by farmers against S. frugiperda and to refine them for scaling-up.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Push–Pull Systems to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Management in Maize Crops in Morelos, Mexico

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Ouorou Ganni Mariel Guera ◽  
Federico Castrejón-Ayala ◽  
Norma Robledo ◽  
Alfredo Jiménez-Pérez ◽  
Georgina Sánchez-Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Pull Systems ◽  
Complex Scenario ◽  
Block Experiment

Chemical control is the main method used to combat fall armyworm in maize crops. However, its indiscriminate use usually leads to a more complex scenario characterized by loss of its effectiveness due to the development of resistance of the insect pest, emergence of secondary pests, and reduction of the populations of natural enemies. For this reason, efforts to develop strategies for agroecological pest management such as Push–Pull are increasingly growing. In this context, the present study was carried out to evaluate field effectiveness of Push–Pull systems for S. frugiperda management in maize crops in Morelos, Mexico. In a randomized block experiment, the incidence and severity of S. frugiperda, the development and yield of maize were evaluated in nine Push–Pull systems and a maize monoculture. The Push–Pull systems presented incidence/severity values lower than those of the monoculture. Morphological development and maize yield in the latter were lower than those of most Push–Pull systems. Mombasa—D. ambrosioides, Mulato II—T. erecta, Mulato II—C. juncea, Tanzania—T. erecta and Tanzania—D. ambrosioides systems presented higher yields than those of monocultures.

scholarly journals Early detection of sources of resistance to the fall armyworm in some tropically-adapted maize varieties in Southern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Qudrah Olaitan OLOYEDE-KAMIYO ◽  
Oluwakemi Oluwaseyi ODEYEMI
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Natural Infestation

<p>he outbreak of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, in Nigeria since 2016 had caused serious socio-economic problem to farmers. Twenty maize varieties adapted to the agro-ecologies of Nigeria were evaluated in five environments to identify varieties with resistance to the FAW for possible improvement and deployment. The evaluations were under artificial and natural infestation between 2017 and 2018. Data were collected weekly after infestation on severity and incidence of FAW and plant height. All trials were terminated at six weeks after sowing. Varieties SUWAN 1 SR, BR LNTP-Y C6, AMA TZBR-W C4 and TZBR ELD 4 C2 are good sources of resistance to FAW which could be used in improvement program</p>

scholarly journals Exploring entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) soil and their pathogenicity against a new invasive maize pest, Spodoptera frugiperda

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Herlinda ◽  
OCTARIATI Noni ◽  
Suwandi Suwandi ◽  
Hasbi Hasbi
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pest Insects ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Yellowish White ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Abstract. Herlinda S, Octariati N, Suwandi S, Hasbi. 2020. Exploring entomopathogenic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) soil and their pathogenicity against a new invasive maize pest, Spodoptera frugiperda. Biodiversitas 21: 2955-2965. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a new invasive maize pest in Indonesia that can cause maize yield losses of 18 million tons/year. To overcome the pest, local-specific entomopathogenic fungi are needed. This study aimed to explore entomopathogenic fungi from soil in South Sumatra and to determine their pathogenicity against S. frugiperda larvae. The fungi exploration was carried out in the lowlands and highlands of South Sumatra and the pathogenicity of obtained isolates were tested against the third instar larvae. The entomopathogenic fungi found were Metarhizium spp. and were successfully isolated as many as 14 isolates. All of the isolates were pathogenic to S. frugiperda larvae (70.67−78.67% mortality), the most pathogenic caused 78.67% mortality and significantly suppressed the emergence of adults up to 81.2%. Unhealthy larvae had a dry, shrunken, shrinking, odorless body, and its integument was covered in mycelia and conidia like yellowish-white powdery mixed with dark green. The unhealthy pupae and adults were in the abnormal and malformation shape. The abnormal pupae were shorter in size, bent, the to-be wings got wrinkled, and darker color, while the unhealthy adults had folded wings and were unable to fly. The two most pathogenic isolates were found from the lowland (PirOI) and highland (CasPsPGA) soil of South Sumatra. In conclusion, both of these isolates had the potential to be developed into local-specific mycoinsecticides to control pest insects in the highlands and/or lowlands in Indonesia.

Farmers' knowledge, perceptions, and management practices of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Ethiopia and Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshome Kumela ◽  
Josephine Simiyu ◽  
Birhanu Sisay ◽  
Paddy Likhayo ◽  
Esayas Mendesil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Invasive Pest

scholarly journals Identifikasi dan Efektivitas Berbagai Teknik Pengendalian Hama Baru Ulat Grayak Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith pada Tanaman Jagung berbasis PHT- Biointensif

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-529
Author(s):  
Rizki Darmawan Septian ◽  
Lutfi Afifah ◽  
Tatang Surjana ◽  
Nurcahyo Widyodaru Saputro ◽  
Ultach Enri
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Production ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract ◽  
New Pest

The presence of new pest Spodoptera frugperda J. E. Smith has the potential to reduce corn production, so its existence needs to be controlled. The aim of this research is to obtain control techniques that could reduce the intensity of S. frugiperda pest’s attack. The research was conducted from June to October 2020. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design (RBD) with 9 replications and 3 treatments consisting of non-control (NP), PHT-biointensive (BI), and synthetic pesticides. In BI treatment, neem leaf extract (25 mL/plot) and Beauveria bassiana (6,25 g/plot) were used. Meanwhile, the PS treatment used deltametrin active ingredient (3,125 mL/plot). The volume of spray used was 1,25 L. The results showed that PS control techniques gave the best results in suppressing the intensity of fall armyworm S. frugiperda attacks (0,57%-7,04%) followed by BI treatment (0%-6,89%) and NP (0,97%-8,29%). The highest pest populations overall were found in NP treatment and the lowest in PS treatment. PS treatment provided the highest production result with a cob weight of 18,6 kg/plot (24,81 tons/ha), while BI treatment of 17,00 kg/plot (22,72 tons/ha) and NP of 15,44 kg/plot (20,64 tons/ha). The results of the correlation test between the intensity of pest attacks and production results showed that the higher the pest attack, the lower the harvest weight produced. Therefore, pest control by using synthetic pesticides made from active deltametrin is declared effective in suppressing the intensity of attacks and populations of fall armyworm S. frugiperda and able to provide high production results.   Keywords: corn, intensity of attack, Spodoptera frugiperda

scholarly journals Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in cotton: vertical distribution of egg masses, effects of adult density and plant age on oviposition behavior

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-429
Author(s):  
Arlindo Leal Boica Junior ◽  
Zeneide Ribeiro Campos ◽  
Alcebiades Ribeiro Campos ◽  
Walter Veriano Valerio Filho ◽  
Ostenildo Ribeiro Campos
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Adult Density ◽  
Cotton Variety ◽  
Density Relationship

The objective of this work was to determine the most suitable density of adults per plant, ideal plant age, and vertical distribution of eggs in different parts of the plant in a greenhouse investigation for future resistance studies and improvement of S. frugiperda management practices in cotton. The experiments of Spodotera frugiperda oviposition in relation to adult density, relationship between cotton plant age and Spodoptera frugiperda oviposition, Spodoptera frugiperda non-preference for oviposition on cotton varieties were conducted with plants of cotton variety BRS Ita 90. The experiments were conducted with plants of cotton variety BRS Ita 90. Non-preference (antixenosis) for oviposition was studied in FiberMax 966, FiberMax 977, DeltaOpal, DeltaPenta, Acala 90, Coodetec 408, Coodetec 409, Coodetec 410, BRS Cedro, BRS Ipê, BRS Aroeira, IPR 96, IPR 20, BRS Araçá, IAC 24, and BRS Ita 90 varieties. We concluded that the fall armyworm S. frugiperda prefers to oviposit on plants with approximately 60 days of age, on the lower surface of leaves located in the upper third of the plant tests under greenhouse conditions. A density of at least three pairs of S. frugiperda adults per plant was sufficient to conduct non-preference-for-oviposition tests under greenhouse conditions. Coodetec 408, BRS Aroeira, BRS Araçá, BRS Ita 90 and DeltaPenta varieties showed non-preference-for-oviposition resistance to S. frugiperda. In regions with high infestations of S. frugiperda, it would be prudent for the cultivation the use of BRS Ita 90 cotton variety.

scholarly journals Assessment of impacts of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize production in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djima Koffi ◽  
Rosina Kyerematen ◽  
Vincent Y Eziah ◽  
Yaa Oguabi Osei-Mensah ◽  
Kwame Afreh-Nuamah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Spodoptera frugiperda was considered an insect pest only in the Americas until its first report in African countries in 2016. In this study, farmers and agricultural officials in Ghana were interviewed on their perceptions and knowledge of the pest, on infestation and maize yield variations across years, and on management practices. Farms were inspected to determine the infestation level of 100 plants per hectare. Interviews revealed that farmers were familiar with the larval stages of this pest and noticed that the pest occurred throughout the year, but populations of S. frugiperda increased only during cropping seasons. Infestation levels reported by farmers in surveys were much lower in 2018 (30.38%) than in 2017 (80.92%). Farm inspections confirmed that infestation levels were much lower in 2018 (20.90%) than 2017 (73.70%). The belt formed by Guinea Savannah, Transitional Zone, and Semi-Deciduous Forest Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZs) recorded the highest infestations while the lowest were observed from the Sudan Savannah and Tropical Rain Forest AEZs. Insecticides were the most commonly used tactic to manage populations of this new pest. Maize yields increased across Ghana between 2013 and 2015 from 1.52 to 1.73 t/ha, decreased between 2015 and 2017 to 1.55 t/ha, and increased to 1.69 t/ha in 2018. The impact of fall armyworm injury to maize production is discussed.

scholarly journals Farmers’ knowledge, perception and management practices of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda Smith) in Manica province, Mozambique

NeoBiota ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
Albasini Caniço ◽  
António Mexia ◽  
Luisa Santos
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study aimed to gather information about farmers’ knowledge, perception and management practices of the newly introduced insect pest, the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Manica province, Mozambique. A total of 200 smallholder farmers with experience in maize cultivation were surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The survey was conducted between May and August 2019 in four districts: Macate, Manica, Sussundenga and Vanduzi. Most farmers were unable to morphologically identify fall armyworm (FAW) (from 93.9% in Vanduzi to 98.0% in Manica). Most farmers have experienced FAW damage in their farms (from 92% in Macate to 98.0% in Manica). Maize is mostly planted in October and November (from 44.0% in Sussundenga to 60.0% of farmers in Manica), but the highest infestation period is believed to be between November and February. With the exception of Vanduzi where 65.3% of farmers apply insecticides, most farmers in other districts do not use any method to control FAW (from 60.8% in Macate to 88.0% in Manica and Sussundenga respectively). Among those applying insecticides, from 65.0% in Manica to 75.0% in Vanduzi have confidence in the efficiency of the insecticides being used against FAW. Most farmers reported an increase in the spread of FAW. The lack of financial resources is reported as the main constraint in the fight against FAW. This study is the first of its nature in the province of Manica and provides valuable information that may support extension services and researchers when designing FAW management options for local smallholder farmers.

scholarly journals Forecasting the global extent of invasion of the cereal pest Spodoptera frugiperda, the fall armyworm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regan Early ◽  
Pablo González-Moreno ◽  
Sean T. Murphy ◽  
Roger Day
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Transportation Routes

AbstractFall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a crop pest native to the Americas, which has invaded and spread throughout sub-Saharan Africa within two years. Recent estimates of 20-50% maize yield loss in Africa suggest severe damage to livelihoods. Fall armyworm is still infilling its potential range in Africa, and could spread to other continents. In order to understand fall armyworm’s year-round, global, potential distribution, we used evidence of the effects of temperature and precipitation on fall armyworm life-history, combined with data on native and African distributions to construct Species Distribution Models (SDMs). Fall armyworm has only invaded areas that have a climate similar to the native distribution, validating the use of climatic SDMs. The strongest climatic limits on fall armyworm’s year-round distribution are the coldest annual temperature and the amount of rain in the wet season. Much of sub-Saharan Africa can host year-round fall armyworm populations, but the likelihoods of colonising North Africa and seasonal migrations into Europe are hard to predict. South and Southeast Asia and Australia have climate that would permit fall armyworm to invade. Current trade and transportation routes reveal Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand face high threat of fall armyworm invasions originating from Africa.

Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda) in Maize: An Emerging Threat in Nepal and its Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
Santosh Kandel ◽  
Rakshya Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Climatic Condition ◽  
Methyl Parathion ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Subtropical Region ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Direct Injury ◽  
Very High

Fall armyworm ((Spodoptera frugiperda) commonly known as FAW is polyphagous pest of maize with more than 85 host species. It is native to tropical and subtropical region of America. It has already been detected in India and reports from Nepal also suggests presence of FAW.  Due to Open broader between Nepal and India chance of spreading in Nepal is very high. Delay maturing hybrids and late planted maize crops are likely to be affected by this pest. It can cause serious leaf damage along with direct injury to the ear. Major damage is done by younger larvae. Larvae causes damage by consuming foliage. Terai and inner terai region are considered to be affected more as climatic condition of this region highly favors FAW. So, timely preventive and management practices should be done before it leads to havoc condition. Management of the pest can be done through many biological, chemical and cultural means. Quality seed, Avoidance of late planting, Push-pull technology can be adopted for management practices. Different biological agents have been identified for controlling FAW such as Bacillus thuringenesis (Bt), Baculovirus and Beauveria bassiana etc.  Chemicals like Methomyl, Methyl parathion, chlorpyrifos, malathion, permethrin are used to control the pest. However, use of chemical should be discouraged as it may affect soil fertility and natural enemy of FAW. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 305-309

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