scholarly journals Field Decomposition of Corn Cob in Seasonally Frozen Soil and Its Intrinsic Influencing Factors: The Case of Northeast China

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Yu Zou ◽  
Jun Fu ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Luquan Ren
Keyword(s):  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Decomposition Process ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Nylon Mesh ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mesh Bag ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

Returning corn cobs to the field during corn kernel harvesting is an effective way to improve soil properties and increase crop yield. However, seasonally frozen soil seriously hinders the field decomposition process of corn cobs. To explore the decomposition characteristics and promote field decomposition, in this study, the nylon mesh bag method was used to perform field decomposition tests for 150 days. Fiber composition analysis and microstructure observation were carried out. The results showed that the field decomposition of corn cob was influenced by temperature, precipitation, and frozen soil environment. The 150-day cumulative decomposition rates of the pith, woody ring, and glume were 40.0%, 24.2%, and 36.3%, respectively. Caused by the difference in fiber compositions, the decomposition speeds of pith and glume were much higher than that of the woody ring. The complex microstructures of the pith, woody ring, and glume led to differences in the accessibility of cellulose, which indirectly influenced the field decomposition characteristics. The homogeneous sponge-like structure of the pith and glume increased the accessibility of cellulose and ultimately accelerated the field decomposition, while the compact lignocellulosic structure of the woody ring hindered the decomposition process. Compared with corn stalk, corn cob had similar or even better field decomposition characteristics and excellent application prospects.

Preparation and Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Corn Residues

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1781-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suesat Jantip ◽  
Potjanart Suwanruji
Keyword(s):  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Cellulose I ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Corn Residues

The agricultural wastes from harvesting corn, viz. corn husks and corn cobs were used as raw materials for the preparation of microcrystalline cellulose. From chemical composition analysis, holocellulose, -cellulose, hemicellulose, extractive and ash contents found in the corn husk were higher than those in the corn cob except for lignin. The study found that these corn residues could potentially be used for microcrystalline cellulose preparation. The properties of the microcrystalline cellulose obtained from these corn residues were examined in comparison with the commercial microcrystalline cellulose, Avicel PH101. Their crystal feature was in cellulose I form which showed the crystal reflections at 2s around 15 o, 17 o and 22o, being the same as that of Avicel PH101. Whilst their crystallinity was lower and the crystal size was smaller than Avicel PH101. The crystal size of the microcrystalline cellulose from the corn residues was around 3 nm whereas that of Avicel PH101 was about 4 nm. In addition, the thermal stability of the prepared microcrystalline cellulose was slightly lower than that of Avicel PH101. Corn husks provided more thermally stable microcrystalline cellulose than corn cobs.

analysis of mechanical properties of ceiling boards based on corn cobs and coconut coir waste with latex adhesive

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ety Jumiati ◽  
Ufik Eliati Tumanggor ◽  
Abdul Halim Daulay
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Optimal Result ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Coconut Coir

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p>Ceiling evelopment by utilizing waste corn cobs, coconut coir with gypsum flour an the adition of latex adhesive. Variations in the composition of the mixture of corn cobs, coconut coir, gypsum flour with latex adhesive include sample A (0:0:100:15), sample B (3:3:94:15), sample C (6:6:88:15), sample D (9:9:82:15), sample E (12:12:76:15), and sample F (15:15:70:15) with emphasis using a <em>hot press </em>and drying for 28 days. The test parameters include flexural strength and fracture strength. The test results show that sample B in the composition (3:3:94:15) is the optimal result. In this composition, the resulting ceiling board has the characteristics of a flexural strength of 3966,39 kgf/cm<sup>2</sup> and a fracture strength of 1088,6 kgf/cm<sup>2</sup>.</p><p><strong><em>Keyword :</em></strong><em> Lateks , Ceiling Board, Coconut Coir, Corn Cob</em></p><p><em> </em></p>

scholarly journals Study on the nonexistence of liquid miscibility gap in the Ce-Mn system

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tang ◽  
Y. Du ◽  
H. Xu ◽  
S. Hao ◽  
L. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Ice Water ◽  
Liquid Miscibility Gap

To ascertain whether the liquid miscibility gap exists in the Ce-Mn system, 3 key alloys are prepared by arc melting the pure elements, annealed at specified temperature for 20 minutes, quenched in ice water and then subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis for phase identification and to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis for microstructure observation and composition analysis. The XRD examination indicated that terminal solutions based on Ce and Mn exist in the water-quenched alloys. No compound was detected. Microstructure observation and composition analysis indicate the nonexistence of the liquid miscibility gap. The newly assessed Ce-Mn phase diagram was presented. .

scholarly journals Using four pelletizing machines with flat die and different capacities for obtaining the best pellets from corn cobs waste

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 7058-7073
Author(s):  
Aurel Lunguleasa ◽  
Cosmin Spirchez ◽  
Sorin Radulescu
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Human Food ◽  
Corn Cobs

Making pellets from corn cobs, the goal of this work, was motivated by the abundance of vegetable biomass. Corn is used in both animal and human food. Four pelletizing presses with flat die and different capacities were considered. The influence of the capacity of the pellet mills on the density of the obtained pellets was established by increasing the capacities of the pellet mills to increase the density of the pellets. The waste of crushed corn cobs was used for pelletizing. The energy characteristics of the pellets from corn cobs were determined, with a high calorific value of 20.0 MJ·kg-1 and a calorific density of 19.8 MJ·m-3; these values were much higher than the wood species used currently in combustion. The black and calcined ash contents of 24.7% and 2.3%, respectively, were also obtained. Based on the main properties of experimental pellets, corn cob waste can be regarded as suitable for transformation into pellets with good characteristics. The positive influence of capacity press increase on density of pellets was also highlighted.

Edible film based on Vicia faba shell gum, nano silver and Helichrysum arenarium essence

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzane Jahantigh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Difference

Purpose The inclusion of natural antioxidants and nanoparticles into edible coatings can improve their structure, functionality and applicability in foods. This study aims to determine the antibacterial effect of new nano-composite based on bean pod shell gum (BPSG), silver nanoparticle (SNP) and herbal essential oil (EO). Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, BPSG (4 per cent w/v), SNP (0.5-1 per cent w/v) and Helichrysum arenarium EO (1-2 per cent v/v) were mixed. After preparation the edible film, the antibacterial activity was tested on five food-borne pathogenic bacteria in two categories including two-gram positives and three-gram negatives bacteria. The EO composition was determined by GC–mass spectrometry and the antibacterial activity was tested using disk diffusion test. Findings Results showed that gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than gram-negative bacteria. Increasing Helichrysum arenarium EO and SNP content increased antimicrobial activity of the edible film based on BPSG, so that the treatment containing 2 per cent v/v Helichrysum arenarium EO and 1 per cent w/v SNP led to the highest inhibition zone (8.1-13.1 mm) compared to treatment containing 1 per cent v/v Helichrysum arenarium EO and 0.5 per cent w/v SNP with inhibition zone range of 5.4-9.9 mm and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.41). Also, the chemical composition analysis of the EO identified a total of 38 compounds in which a-pinene (32 per cent), 1,8-cineole (16 per cent), α-humulene (15 per cent) and ß-caryophyllene (8 per cent) were the main fractions. Other separated components accounted less than 29 per cent of the oil. Originality/value In general, SNP and Helichrysum arenarium EO improved the functional properties including the antimicrobial activity of the edible film based on BPSG, which increases the potential to be used as active packaging for fresh products.

Cellulolytic Enzyme Production by Three Fungi Grown in a Ground Corn Cob Medium1

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUO-SUI YE ◽  
M. L. FIELDS
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Ammonium Salts ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Oil Extract ◽  
Beta Glucosidase

Trichoderma reesei NRRL 11236, Trichoderma viride ATCC 32630, Trichoderma viride ATCC 32098 and Myrothecium verrucaria ATCC 9095 were evaluated for the production of toxic substances with the fertile egg tests. Strains NRRL 11236, ATCC 32630, and ATCC 9095 produced no detectable toxic substance. However, when an oil extract was made of fermented corn cobs, strain ATCC 32098 produced a significant kill of 23.1% of the embryos. Cellulases (C1,Cx) and beta glucosidase production were produced using different ammonium salts as additional nitrogen sources to what the corn cobs contained. Temperatures (23° and 30°C) had no effect on beta glucosidase except for T. viride ATCC 32630 which produced significantly smaller quantities at 30°C than at 23°C.

Preservation of Fat-free Mass after Bariatric Surgery: A Comparison of Malabsorptive and Restrictive Procedures

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 812-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Wells ◽  
Megan Miller ◽  
Brittonni Perry ◽  
Joseph A. Ewing ◽  
Allyson L. Hale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Intake ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Restrictive Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Malabsorptive Procedures

The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has been shown to cause significant weight loss. However, fat-free mass (FFM) is often lost with this rapid weight change. It is suggested that the loss of FFM is minimized with restrictive-only procedures, such as the vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), when compared with malabsorptive surgery. The purpose of the study was to determine the difference in the postoperative loss of FFM between RYBG and VSG patients. We reviewed all patients who underwent RYGB or VSG between May 2012 and January 2013. Patients were evaluated one month before their procedure and 12 months after for comparison of results. Preoperative and postoperative body analysis data were procured using a body composition analysis device. Within the study period, 33 patients underwent a RYGB procedure and 20 patients a VSG. After 12 months, RYGB patients had an average increase of 38.15 per cent in their proportion of FFM, whereas VSG patients had an average FFM increase of 22.09 per cent, a statically significant difference ( P = 0.004). The RYGB helps preserve overall FFM as compared with the VSG. These findings are unexpected because malabsorptive procedures require increased protein intake, resulting in a stronger likelihood of inadequate protein intake, which may lead to protein malnutrition.

Failure Analysis on Spring of Boiler Drum Safety Valve

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 2279-2282
Author(s):  
Yan Ting Feng ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Xue Xia Xu ◽  
Hong Bin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Safety Valve ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Temper Brittleness ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Power Plant Boiler ◽  
Boiler Operation ◽  
Boiler Drum ◽  
Plant Boiler

Safety valve is an important component of a boiler. The failure of its spring will bring hidden trouble to the boiler operation. The fracture failure of a drum safety valve spring of a power plant boiler was discussed based on chemical composition analysis, hardness test, metallurgical microstructure observation and SEM. Results showed that improper material selection and improper heat treatment process which led to temper brittleness contributes to the fracture. In addition, oxygen corrosion pit on the surface of the spring play an important role in promoting the cracking.

scholarly journals Optimizing Edible Film from Corn Cobs with Surface Response Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 08009
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Sari ◽  
Adelia Hayu Regita ◽  
Dimas Wahyu Dwi Putra ◽  
Dira Ernawati ◽  
Widi Wurjani
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Surface Response Method ◽  
Response Method

The increase in plastic production worldwide has created quite a serious environmental problem. Edible film is an alternative packaging that can decompose naturally, one of the materials that can be used to make edible films is starch. This study aims to determine the composition of corn cob starch and plasticizers that can produce edible films with the best properties. The starch used is derived from corn cobs and the plasticizers used are glycerol and sorbitol. The edible film in this study was made by the casting method by dispersing the raw materials, heating the mixture, printing the edible film and drying the edible film. This research was conducted with variations in the corncob of 5, 6 and 7 in grams and the variation of the ratio of glycerol to sorbitol plasticizer is 2:8; 3:7; 5:5; 7:3; 8:2 (ml). The more starch content increases the thickness of the edible film and tensile strength, but the elongation and water vapor permeability decreases, the best edible film is obtained at the glycerol-sorbitol composition ratio of 5:5 with the amount of corncob starch of 7 grams.

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