scholarly journals Re-Estimation of Agricultural Production Efficiency in China under the Dual Constraints of Climate Change and Resource Environment: Spatial Imbalance and Convergence

Agriculture ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Binbin Mo ◽  
Mengyang Hou ◽  
Xuexi Huo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Convergence Rate ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Convergence ◽  
Dual Constraints ◽  
Resource Environment

Climate change and farmland environmental pollution have put greater pressure on the sustainability of agricultural production. Based on the provincial panel data of mainland China from 1978 to 2018, climate variables such as precipitation, temperature, and sunshine hours are included into the input indicators, and agricultural non-point source pollution and carbon emissions are taken as undesirable outputs, the agricultural production efficiency (APE) under the dual constraints of climate change and the resource environment was estimated by the super slacks-based measure (SBM)-undesirable model. On the basis of the trajectory of the imbalanced spatiotemporal evolution of APE shown by Kernel density estimation and the standard deviational ellipse (SDE)–center of gravity (COG) transfer model, the spatial convergence model was used to test the convergence and differentiation characteristics of APE. Under the dual constraints, APE presents a “bimodal” distribution with a stable increase in fluctuation, but it is still at a generally low level and does not show polarization, among which the APE in the northeast region is the highest. The COG of APE tends to transfer towards the northeast, and the coverage of the SDE is shrinking, so the overall spatial pattern is characterized by a tendency of clustering towards the north in the north-south direction and a tendency of imbalance in the east-west direction. APE has significant spatial convergence, and there is a trend of “latecomer catching-up” in low-efficiency regions. The introduction of spatial correlation accelerates the convergence rate and shortens the convergence period. The convergence rate is the highest in the central and western regions, followed by that in the northeastern region, and the convergence rate is the lowest in the eastern region. In addition, the convergence rate in different time periods has a phase change. The process of improving the quality and efficiency of agricultural production requires enhancing the adaptability of climate change, balancing the carrying capacity of the resource environment, and strengthening inter-regional cooperation and linkage in the field of agriculture.

scholarly journals Climate Change Impacts on Agricultural Production and Crop Disaster Area in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Shi ◽  
Huinan Huang ◽  
Yingju Wu ◽  
Yung-Ho Chiu ◽  
Shijiong Qin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Regional Difference ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
The Difference

As one of the largest agricultural countries in the world, China has always paid close attention to the sustainable development of agricultural production efficiency. However, with global climate change, extreme weather has become an exogenous factor that cannot be ignored, as it affects agricultural production. Most of the existing studies only consider the domestic natural resources and economic factors, without fully considering the external climate factors. This paper uses the super undesirable dynamic Slacks-Based Measures (SBM) under an exogenous variable model to simulate the external environmental factors by adding extreme weather days. The Dagum Gini coefficient and kernel density estimation are used to explore the regional differences in agricultural production in China. The results show that the agricultural production efficiency is higher in the eastern region, and the difference in agricultural production efficiency among the provinces in the middle and western regions is large, showing a trend of polarization. The difference in the Gini coefficient between the middle and western regions is more significant. The main contribution factor of the Dagum Gini coefficient is the inter-regional difference. The regional concentration degree of agriculture in China is decreasing, the regional distribution of agricultural water resources is more balanced, and the national regional difference gradually decreases. Finally, some suggestions are put forward, such as extreme weather control, agricultural water supply, and water-saving measures.

Effects of 2017 Early Flash Flooding on Agriculture in Haor Areas of Sunamganj

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
S Mondal ◽  
L Akter ◽  
HJ Hiya ◽  
MA Farukh
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Flash Flooding ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Boro Rice

The Sunamganj district is covered by major Haor systems in the north-eastern region of Bangladesh. Flash flood is the most commonly occurring water related disaster in the Haor areas. During the flash flood it is very common that people lost their primary agricultural productions which are the only source of their livelihood. The present study focuses on the effects of 2017 early flash flooding on rice and fish production of Sunamganj Haor areas. The flood caused enormous damage to agriculture such as rice especially Boro rice and fish production on which the Haor dwellers rely upon for their livelihood. The total affected land of Boro rice cultivation in Haors of Sunamganj was 149,224 hectare and the total amount of damaged rice was 393,855 metric ton (MT). The total number of affected farmers was 315,084. The early flash flood also affects the quality of Haor water which caused the death of fishes. The total amount of damaged fish was 49.75 MT and the loss was 158.70 lakh taka. The total number of affected fishermen was 44,445. This findings could be very useful for the environmental scientists to predict the probable future effects on agricultural production due to early flash flood events in Sunamganj Haors areas. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 12(1&2): 117-125, 2019

scholarly journals Historical trends in Crop Water demand over Semi-Arid region of Syria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajab Homsi ◽  
Shamsuddin Shahid ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Atif Muhammad Ali ◽  
Ghaith Falah Ziarh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
Crop Water Demand ◽  
Semi Arid Region

Abstract Climate change has caused a shift in aridity, particularly in the dry regions of the world which may subsequently affect several sectors predominantly the agricultural and water resources. This research examined the climate change effects on crop water demand (CWD) in Syria over the period 1951–2010. Given the lack of observed data, this analysis relied on (GPCC) precipitation and (CRU) temperature data from 1951 to 2010. Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) at each grid was calculated using Penman-Monteith method and FAO-56 model was used to calculate the crop water demand (CWD). The analysis revealed that CWD in Syria increased from 1981 to 2010 when compared to 1951–1980.The increase in CWD has been found for all the crops except wheat, whereas the maximum changes are found during April, and May. The differences in CWD for Barley between the two periods were found to be in the range of -20 to 40 mm. A decrease in CWD observed in the south of the country. However, a rise in 0 to 20 mm range was also discovered in the north. The CWD for wheat was found to decline in most parts of the country. However, it was found to increase in the north. The increase in CWD for barley and wheat has increased agricultural water stress in the region. Several agriculture planning needs to be developed in accordance with the expected future climate changes in order to maintain the agricultural production in the region.

scholarly journals Agricultural production responding to climate change in the north central coast of vietnamidentified bythe amount of rainfall and potential evapotranspiration (PET)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Hoang Anh ◽  
Mai Kim Lien
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North

Climate change is driving dangerous and more unpredictable weather. It has broken historical records of hydro-meteorological observations, consequently leading challenges in operational forecasting. In order to improve crop yield and reduce impacts of climate change on agricultural production, it is necessary to obtain sources of weather information. The estimations of rainfall and PET can enable us to identify plant growth and water supply capacity for any plant in the mountainous areas at Quy Hop District, Nghe An (one part of the North Central Coast) on a monthly basis. The updated information on weather forecasting technology and the application of modern technology responding to climate change in Quy Hop provided results related to cumulative rainfall chart. It can forecast accurately the plant growth and the best time for watering plants and plays an important role in the agricultural production.  

scholarly journals Land Use Eco-Efficiency and Its Convergence Characteristics Under the Constraint of Carbon Emissions in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Yang ◽  
Qun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Convergence Rate ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Convergence Rates ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Directional Distance Function ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Spatial Convergence ◽  
Technological Strength

By defining the connotation of land use eco-efficiency, land use eco-efficiency from 2003 to 2015 was calculated on the basis of the mixed directional distance function, and its spatial convergence analyzed using a spatial econometric model. Results showed that (1) the land use eco-efficiency in most regions of China was relatively ineffective—only Guangdong and Guangxi were relatively effective—and the spatial distribution of efficiency levels in each region was polarized. (2) Sigma and beta convergences were observed in land use eco-efficiency in China, and land use eco-efficiency in each province had an influence on the other. (3) The convergence rate of the eastern region was the same as that of the national region (0.164). The convergence rates of the central, western, and northeast regions were 0.181, 0.183, and 0.189, respectively, which were all higher than the national convergence rate. (4) Scientific and technological strength and industrial structure significantly promoted the improvement of land use eco-efficiency and steady development of land use in China.

Examining the Kinships System of the Bodo

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Dr. Oinam Ranjit Singh ◽  
Dr. Nushar Bargayary
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The Bodo of the North Eastern region of India have their own kinship system to maintain social relationship since ancient periods. Kinship is the expression of social relationship. Kinship may be defined as connection or relationships between persons based on marriage or blood. In each and every society of the world, social relationship is considered to be the more important than the biological bond. The relationship is not socially recognized, it fall outside the realm of kinship. Since kinship is considered as universal, it plays a vital role in the socialization of individuals and the maintenance of social cohesion of the group. Thus, kinship is considered to be the study of the sum total of these relations. The kinship of the Bodo is bilateral. The kin related through the father is known as Bahagi in Bodo whereas the kin to the mother is called Kurma. The nature of social relationships, the kinship terms, kinship behaviours and prescriptive and proscriptive rules are the important themes of the present study.

An analysis of major environmental threats to human security in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Naresh Bhakta Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
The Government

The paper mainly analyses the environmental threats focusing on climate change to human security in Nepal. Major aspects of human security are interlinked and interconnected in our context. Among them, human security offers much to the vibrant field of environmental security in Nepal. Environmental threats are linked to the overall impact on human survival, well-being, and productivity. A great deal of human security is tied to peoples’ access to natural resources and vulnerabilities to environmental change. The major environmental threats in our context is the climate change which have widespread implications for Nepal, causing impacts to water availability, agricultural production, forestry, among many other detrimental effects. The critical threat of environmental security needs to be taken into serious consideration to save our succeeding generation. This article primarily interpreted the government action towards emerging environmental threat based on realist approach. For the study of theme of this article, descriptive and analytical research has been used to draw present major environmental threats in Nepal. With consideration to factors, this article attempted to identify the major environmentally vulnerable areas that are likely to hamper the overall status of human security in Nepal. This paper also tried to suggest the measures to enhance the environmental security considering prospects and policy focusing on Nepalese diverse aspects.

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