scholarly journals Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Groundnut Breeding in Burkina Faso

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 704
Author(s):  
Moumouni Konate ◽  
Jacob Sanou ◽  
Amos Miningou ◽  
David Kalule Okello ◽  
Haile Desmae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Yield Penalty

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major food and cash crop in Burkina Faso. Due to the growing demand for raw oilseeds, there is an increasing interest in groundnut production from traditional rain-fed areas to irrigated environments. However, despite implementation of many initiatives in the past to increase groundnut productivity and production, the groundnut industry still struggles to prosper due to the fact of several constraints including minimal development research and fluctuating markets. Yield penalty due to the presence of drought and biotic stresses continue to be a major drawback for groundnut production. This review traces progress in the groundnut breeding that started in Burkina Faso before the country’s political independence in 1960 through to present times. Up to the 1980s, groundnut improvement was led by international research institutions such as IRHO (Institute of Oils and Oleaginous Research) and ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics). However, international breeding initiatives were not sufficient to establish a robust domestic groundnut breeding programme. This review also provides essential information about opportunities and challenges for groundnut research in Burkina Faso, emphasising the need for institutional attention to genetic improvement of the crop.

scholarly journals Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Groundnut Breeding in Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moumouni Konate ◽  
Jacob Sanou ◽  
Amos Miningou ◽  
David Kalule Okello ◽  
Haile Desmae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Yield Penalty

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major food and cash crop in Burkina Faso. Due to growing demand for raw oilseeds, there is an increasing interest in groundnut production from traditional rain-fed areas to irrigated environments. However, despite implementation of many initiatives in the past to increase groundnut productivity and production, the groundnut industry still struggles to prosper, due to several constraints including minimal development research and fluctuating markets. Yield penalty due to drought and biotic stresses continue to be a major drawback for groundnut production. This review traces progress in the groundnut breeding that started in Burkina Faso before the country’s political independence in 1960 through to present times. Up to the 1980s, groundnut improvement was led by international research institutions such as IRHO (Institute of Oils and Oleaginous Research) and ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics). However, international breeding initiatives were not sufficient to establish a robust domestic groundnut breeding programme. This review also provides essential information about opportunities and challenges of groundnut research in Burkina Faso, emphasising the need for institutional attention to genetic improvement of the crop.

South Asian Developmental Crisis (Review Article)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Rafiq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Integrated Theory ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Second World ◽  
Made In

Like nations and civilizations, sciences also pass through period of crises when established theories are overthrown by the unpredictable behaviour of events. Economics is passing through such a crisis. The challenge thrown by the Great Depression of early 1930s took a decade before Keynes re-established the supremacy of economics. But this supremacy has again been upset by the crisis of poverty in the vast under-developed world which attained political independence after the Second World War. Poverty had always existed but never before had it been of such concern to economists as during the past twenty five years or so. Economic literature dealing with this problem has piled up but so have the agonies of poverty. No plausible and well-integrated theory of economic development or under-development has emerged so far, though brilliant advances have been made in isolated directions.

Recognition Pattern, Functional Mechanism and Application of Chitin and Chitosan Oligosaccharides in Sustainable Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (29) ◽  
pp. 3508-3521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Jia ◽  
Mijanur R. Rajib ◽  
Heng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharides ◽  
Recognition Pattern ◽  
Functional Mechanism ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Further Development

Background: Application of chitin attracts much attention in the past decades as the second abundant polysaccharides in the world after cellulose. Chitin oligosaccharides (CTOS) and its deacetylated derivative chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) were shown great potentiality in agriculture by enhancing plant resistance to abiotic or biotic stresses, promoting plant growth and yield, improving fruits quality and storage, etc. Those applications have already served huge economic and social benefits for many years. However, the recognition mode and functional mechanism of CTOS and COS on plants have gradually revealed just in recent years. Objective: Recognition pattern and functional mechanism of CTOS and COS in plant together with application status of COS in agricultural production will be well described in this review. By which we wish to promote further development and application of CTOS and COS–related products in the field.

Integrating Bioinformatics Strategies in Cancer Immunotherapy: Current and Future Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 687-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houda N. Washah ◽  
Elliasu Y. Salifu ◽  
Opeyemi Soremekun ◽  
Ahmed A. Elrashedy ◽  
Geraldene Munsamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Immunotherapy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bioinformatics Tools ◽  
Treatment Paradigm ◽  
Immunotherapy Of Cancer ◽  
Significant Attention

For the past few decades, the mechanisms of immune responses to cancer have been exploited extensively and significant attention has been given into utilizing the therapeutic potential of the immune system. Cancer immunotherapy has been established as a promising innovative treatment for many forms of cancer. Immunotherapy has gained its prominence through various strategies, including cancer vaccines, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), adoptive T cell cancer therapy, and immune checkpoint therapy. However, the full potential of cancer immunotherapy is yet to be attained. Recent studies have identified the use of bioinformatics tools as a viable option to help transform the treatment paradigm of several tumors by providing a therapeutically efficient method of cataloging, predicting and selecting immunotherapeutic targets, which are known bottlenecks in the application of immunotherapy. Herein, we gave an insightful overview of the types of immunotherapy techniques used currently, their mechanisms of action, and discussed some bioinformatics tools and databases applied in the immunotherapy of cancer. This review also provides some future perspectives in the use of bioinformatics tools for immunotherapy.

scholarly journals Interfacing cells with organic transistors: a review of in vitro and in vivo applications

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 795-820
Author(s):  
Andrea Spanu ◽  
Laura Martines ◽  
Annalisa Bonfiglio
Keyword(s):  
Organic Transistors ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

This review focuses on the applications of organic transistors in cellular interfacing. It offers a comprehensive retrospective of the past, an overview of the latest innovations, and a glance on the future perspectives of this fast-evolving field.

scholarly journals Modelling and forecasting stock–recruitment: current and future perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 2307-2322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Subbey ◽  
Jennifer A. Devine ◽  
Ute Schaarschmidt ◽  
Richard D.M. Nash
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Environmental Covariates ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Fisheries Science ◽  
The Past ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
Stock Recruitment ◽  
Modelling And Forecasting

AbstractThis paper presents a brief review of the present state of knowledge in stock–recruitment forecasting, including process and current methodological challenges to predicting stock–recruitment. The discussion covers the apparent inability of models to accurately forecast recruitment even when environmental covariates are included as explanatory variables. The review shows that despite the incremental success in the past hundred years, substantial challenges remain if the process of modelling and forecasting stock–recruitment is to become relevant to fisheries science and management in the next 100 years.

A Wider Eastern African Economic Union? Some Geographical Aspects

1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Economic Union

Economic integration in East Africa has been discussed throughout the past 50 years or more, although—until recently—only in terms of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Almost as soon as Kenya and Uganda became established as political entities, close economic links were established between them, and when British administration was extended to Tanganyika after 1918 that country was brought into close relationship with its two northern neighbours. Thus a customs union between Kenya and Uganda was established in 1917, and Tanganyika was gradually incorporated within it between 1922 and 1927. The links were strengthened as economic development advanced, and were formalised under the East Africa High Commission from 1948 onwards: so they became an important part of the inheritance of the three states as they gained political independence in the years 1961–1963.1

scholarly journals The trends of uveal melanoma research in the past two decades and future perspectives.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Ali Elubous ◽  
Ali Daoud Alebous ◽  
Hebah Ali Abous ◽  
Rawan Ali Elubous
Keyword(s):  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers

Abstract PURPOSE Evaluation of the research trends in uveal melanoma in the past two decades.METHODS Data were extracted from the Web of Science database website. VOSviewer and Citespace software were used to analyze the retrieved data. RESULTS The leading country in terms of output and international collaboration is the United States. Research interest in genetic mutations, molecular pathways, and immunotherapy was remarkable in recent years. Most of the top ten journals are specialized in ophthalmology. In recent years the hotspots include future perspectives, BAB1 mutation, therapeutic target, and systematic reviews. The keywords with the strongest citation bursts are immunotherapy, outcome, and in situ hybridization. CONCLUSION The output of uveal melanoma research increased during the past two decades. Future research foci may include exploring different mutations role, immunotherapy, molecular alterations, and finding ideal clinical biomarkers.

scholarly journals PRESENT AND FUTURE OF COACH DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH AND PRACTICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-230
Author(s):  
Michel Milistetd
Keyword(s):  
Development Research ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Coach Education ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Coach Development ◽  
The Future ◽  
Sport Coaches

The field of sport coach development has changed considerably in the last decades and everything indicates that, in an increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous world (VUCA world), many other changes will take place. It seems increasingly likely that ways will have to be found to harmonize on-the-job learning with the formal coach education programs from which qualifications are derived. In an attempt to analyze the present and to address some directions for the future of sport coach development research and practice, this insight paper presents the summary of a series of conversations with one of the researchers who has greatly influenced the development of sport coaches over the past 30 years, Professor Pierre Trudel.

scholarly journals Dysregulated TET Family Genes and Aberrant 5mC Oxidation in Breast Cancer: Causes and Consequences

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6039
Author(s):  
Bo Xu ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Li Tan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Cellular Differentiation ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Cancer Hallmarks ◽  
The Past

DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) was once viewed as a stable epigenetic modification until Rao and colleagues identified Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) as the first 5mC dioxygenase in 2009. TET family genes (including TET1, TET2, and TET3) encode proteins that can catalyze 5mC oxidation and consequently modulate DNA methylation, not only regulating embryonic development and cellular differentiation, but also playing critical roles in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Soon after the discovery of TET family 5mC dioxygenases, aberrant 5mC oxidation and dysregulation of TET family genes have been reported in breast cancer as well as other malignancies. The impacts of aberrant 5mC oxidation and dysregulated TET family genes on the different aspects (so-called cancer hallmarks) of breast cancer have also been extensively investigated in the past decade. In this review, we summarize current understanding of the causes and consequences of aberrant 5mC oxidation in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. The challenges and future perspectives of this field are also discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document