scholarly journals Bactericidal Activity of Larrea tridentata Hydroalcoholic Extract against Phytopathogenic Bacteria

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 957
Author(s):  
Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo ◽  
Nallely Rivero-Perez ◽  
Fidel Avila-Ramos ◽  
Eliazar Aquino-Torres ◽  
Judith Prieto-Méndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Larrea Tridentata ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria

Due to the emergence of bacterial resistance in phytopathogenic microorganisms, it is necessary to search for new treatment alternatives for these pathogens. Natural extracts are a potential source of bioactive compounds that can act against such bacterial strains. The antibacterial activity of Larrea tridentata against bacteria with public health importance has been documented; however, few reports cover pathogens associated with the agricultural sector. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Larrea tridentata hydroalcoholic extract (LTHE) and fractions against phytopathogenic bacteria. LTHE was obtained by the maceration technique and then subjected to bipartition using solvents of different polarities. Clavibacter michiganensis sbsp. michiganensis, Pseudomonas syringae, and Xanthomonas campestris strains were used, and their antibiotic sensitivity was determined. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of LTHE and its fractions (aqueous: LTAq-F; organic: LTEtOAc-F) were determined. LTHE and its organic fraction showed bactericidal activity against the three bacteria, showing better activity against X. campestris, exhibiting an MIC of 0.39 mg/mL and an MBC of 0.78 mg/mL. The results show that LTHE and its organic fraction have bactericidal activity in vitro against Clavibacter michiganensis sbsp. michiganensis, Pseudomonas syringae, and Xanthomonas campestris.

scholarly journals A preliminary study of antibacterial activity of thirty essential oils against several important plant pathogenic bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Popovic ◽  
Zoran Milicevic ◽  
Violeta Oro ◽  
Igor Kostic ◽  
Vesela Radovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

Numerous scientific research studies all over the world have addressed the problem of agriculture in the 21st century as being particularly sensitive to climate change, which has caused phytopathogenic bacteria to spread. Therefore, there is a clear and urgent need to contain this kind of risk in agricultural production (both conventional and organic farming). The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of 30 essential oils (EOs) against three harmful plant pathogenic bacteria of agricultural importance, Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. The study included in vitro testing, using an agar-diffusion assay. The EOs of Ceylon cinnamon (leaf and bark), oregano, clove bud and palmarosa revealed antibacterial activity against the test bacteria, and the maximum mean inhibition zone diameters of 35 mm was found against E. amylovora and X. campestris pv. campestris (highly sensitive reaction), while it was smaller in the case of P. syringae pv. syringae, from 18.25-26.25 mm (sensitive to very sensitive reaction). Maximum diameter of the zone of inhibition (35 mm) was obtained using basil and peppermint against E. amylovora, and rosemary, blue gum and camphor tree against X. campestris pv. campestris. Not a single EO inhibited P. syringae pv. syringae with the resulting total diameter zone of 35 mm, and this test bacteria was resultingly classified as the least susceptible bacterium of the three tested. EOs of lemongrass, aniseed, ylang ylang, silver fir, lemon, dwarf mountain pine, bay laurel and scots pine caused sensitive reaction of the tested bacteria. Peppermint, black cumin, Indian frankincense, bergamot orange, common juniper, bitter orange and neem produced variable reactions from total to weakly or no inhibition at all. Weakly activity was found in niaouli and Atlas cedar. Eastern red cedar, patchouli, Indian sandalwood and ginger caused no reaction of any of the test bacteria. The results offer a basis for further work based on in vivo testing for the purpose of developing ?natural pesticides? for control of phytopathogenic bacteria, thus giving a significant contribution to reducing yield losses in agriculture and sustainable development.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of Salix babylonica L. and Their Antibacterial Activity Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Animal Bacteria

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Nathalye González-Alamilla ◽  
Manases Gonzalez-Cortazar ◽  
Benjamín Valladares-Carranza ◽  
Marco Antonio Rivas-Jacobo ◽  
Camelia Alejandra Herrera-Corredor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Salix Babylonica

The principle of animal wellbeing, which states that animals should be free from pain, injury, and disease, is difficult to maintain, because microorganisms are most frequently found to be resistant or multi-resistant to drugs. The secondary metabolites of plants are an alternative for the treatment of these microorganisms. The aim of this work was to determine the antibacterial effect of Salix babylonica L. hydroalcoholic extract (SBHE) against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, and identify the compounds associated with the activity. The SBHE showed activity against the three strains, and was subjected to a bipartition, obtaining aqueous fraction (ASB) with moderate activity and organic fraction (ACSB) with good activity against the three strains. The chromatographic separation of ACSB, allowed us to obtain ten fractions (F1AC to F10AC), and only three showed activity (F7AC, F8AC and F10AC). In F7AC, five compounds were identified preliminary by GC-MS, in F8AC and F10AC were identified luteolin (1) and luteolin 7-O-glucoside (2) by HPLC, respectively. The best antibacterial activity was obtained with F7AC (Listeria monocytogenes; MIC: 0.78 mg/mL, MBC: 0.78 mg/mL) and F8AC (Staphylococcus aureus; MIC: 0.39 mg/mL; MBC: 0.78 mg/mL). The results indicated that the compounds obtained from SBHE can be used as an alternative treatment against these microorganisms and, by this mechanism, contribute to animal and human health.

Controlling Weeds with Phytopathogenic Bacteria

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Johnson ◽  
Donald L. Wyse ◽  
Keith J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Biological Weed Control ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Annual Bluegrass

Until recently, phytopathogenic bacteria have not been considered potential biological weed control candidates because they lack the ability to penetrate intact plants. This deficiency can be overcome by providing entry wounds or using surfactants. Spray application ofPseudomonas syringaepv.tagetis(5 × 108cells/ml) in aqueous buffer with a surfactant produced severe disease in Canada thistle, common ragweed, Jerusalem artichoke, sunflower, and certain other members of the Compositae under field conditions. Spray application of the bacterium without surfactant was ineffective on all reported hosts.Xanthomonas campestrispv.poannuacontrolled annual bluegrass in bermudagrass golf greens when applied by spray during mowing. The bacterium entered through mowing injuries, causing lethal, systemic wilt. Application of the bacterium to annual bluegrass in the absence of fresh mowing injuries failed to produce symptoms. Under field conditions, this previously unknown pathovar's host range was limited to a single subspecies of annual bluegrass, but inundative application to freshly mowed turf resulted in infection of diverse annual bluegrass biotypes. In field trials, six monthly applications resulted in greater than 70% control. The preceding examples are among the first attempts to use foliar phytopathogenic bacteria for biological weed control. Efficacy of these bacterial bioherbicides and of future biocontrol strategies employing bacteria is dependent on facilitated host penetration.

Antagonistic Activity of Azotobаcter vinelandii IMV B-7076 against Phytopathogenic Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
N.V. Chuiko ◽  
◽  
A.Yu. Chobotarov ◽  
Ya.I. Savchuk ◽  
I.M. Kurchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Preparation

Bacteria of the genus Azotobacter are known for their ability to stimulate plant growth and development. Azotobacter vinelandii IMV B-7076 strain was isolated from Zhytomyr region soil of Ukraine. It is one of the components of the "Azogran" complex bacterial preparation for plant growing. It has been established that A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 synthesizes biologically active substances that promote plant development. At the same time, the antagonistic activity of A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 against phytopathogens has not yet been studied, so this became the aim of this work. Methods. The antagonistic activity of A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 was determined by agar well diffusion and agar blocks methods. Results. It was shown that A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 had antagonistic activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, the diameter of growth inhibition zones of Alternaria alternata 16861, Fusarium avenaceum 50720, Fusarium verticillioides 50463, Fusarium lactis 50719, Fusarium oxysporum 54201, Fusarium poae 50704 was 14-37 mm, Bipolaris sorokiniana 16868 and Fusarium solani – 11-13 mm. Fusarium culmorum 50716 and Fusarium graminearum 50662 were not sensitive to A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 metabolites. Notably, the antagonistic effect was demonstrated in mycelial growth and spore formation inhibition, in fungal mycelium discoloration. It was also demonstrated that A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 did not show antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens 8628, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum 8982, Pseudomonas fluorescens 8573, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 8511, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis 13a, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 8003b. Conclusions. Studied A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 strain is characterized by antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi and does not have antibacterial properties against phytopathogenic bacteria. The antifungal activity of A. vinelandii IMV B-7076, as a component of "Azogran", will be useful for this bacterial preparation application in plant growing.

scholarly journals BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF WILD AND HYBRID VARIETIES OF SYZIGIUM CUMINI L. AGAINST A FEW PLANT PATHOGENS

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
HERIN SHEEBA GRACELIN D
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Wild Variety ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Objective: The objective of the present study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of seeds of wild and hybrid varieties of Syzygium cumini against plant pathogens such as Erwinia herbicola, Pseudomonas syringae, and Xanthomonas campestris. Methods: The phytochemicals from the wild and hybrid varieties of S. cumini seeds collected from the Tirunelveli region (Tamil Nadu) were extracted by cold methanol method. Antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of seeds has been tested against E. herbicola, P. syringae, and X. campestris by disc diffusion assay. Results: The seed extract of wild variety revealed more effective antimicrobial activity than a hybrid variety with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 8 μg/ml to 128 μg/ml. The highest inhibition zone was exhibited by wild seed extract against X. campestris (16.3 mm). Conclusions: This result showed that the wild variety of S. cumini seeds may be the best antibacterial agent against plant pathogens.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND LEAF EXTRACTS OF MENTHA PULEGIUM (L) AND GLYCYRRHIZA FOETIDA (DESF) AGAINST THE PHYTOPATHOGENIC BACTERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Hanane Lougraimzi ◽  
Aghraz Abdellah ◽  
Bouaichi Abdelaaziz ◽  
El J. Meryem ◽  
Achbani E. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria

This research was conducted to evaluate the components of the Mentha pulegium (L) and Glycyrrhiza foetida (Desf) that were extracted by hydro distillation and analyzed using GC-MS methods. They are spontaneous plants widespread in Gharb of Morocco. The aim of the study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of the essential oils and leaf methanolic extracts of these two medicinal plants against five phytopathogenic bacteria. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the two species by estimating the diameter of the inhibition zone has shown that the essential oil of M. pulegium exhibited a higher antimicrobial activity than G. foetida which varied according to the sensitivity of the phytopathogenic strains. The results obtained revealed different degrees of sensitivity toward methnolic extract. However, the methanolic extract and the essential oil of M. pulegium are more active based on the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The antimicrobial activities of leaf extracts from the two plants highlighted in this study could justify their therapeutic use. These results should be strongly recommended as an alternative to a chemical compound that still represents the problem of toxic residues.

scholarly journals Antibiotic activities of propanolamine containing 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones against phytopathogenic bacteria

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 682-688
Author(s):  
Jiarui Rao ◽  
Liwei Liu ◽  
Dan Zeng ◽  
Mingwei Wang ◽  
Meng Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity

Various 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derivatives containing propanolamine groups have been shown to exhibit good antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas syringae pv actinidiae (Psa), X. axonopodis pv citri (Xac) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo).

scholarly journals Pseudozyma aphidis Induces Salicylic-Acid-Independent Resistance to Clavibacter michiganensis in Tomato Plants

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Barda ◽  
Or Shalev ◽  
Shanee Alster ◽  
Kobi Buxdorf ◽  
Aviva Gafni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Pseudozyma Aphidis

The ability of plant pathogens to rapidly develop resistance to commonly used pesticides challenges efforts to maximize crop production. Fungal biocontrol agents have become an important alternative to chemical fungicides as a result of environmental concerns regarding conventional pesticides, including resistance issues. The complex mode of action of biocontrol agents reduces the likelihood that pathogens will develop resistance to them. We recently isolated a unique, biologically active isolate of the epiphytic fungus Pseudozyma aphidis. We show that the extracellular metabolites secreted by our P. aphidis isolate can inhibit Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, X. campestris pv. campestris, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, Erwinia amylovora, Clavibacter michiganensis, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens in vitro. Moreover, application of Pseudozyma aphidis spores on tomato plants in the greenhouse significantly reduced (by 60%) the incidence of bacterial wilt and canker disease caused by C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis on those plants as well as disease severity by 35%. Furthermore, infected plants treated with P. aphidis were 25% taller than control infected plants. We found that P. aphidis activates PR1a—and other pathogenesis-related genes in tomato plants—and can trigger an induced-resistance response against C. michiganensis that proceeds in a salicylic-acid-independent manner, as shown using NahG-transgenic tomato plants.

scholarly journals Effect of different treatments to bacterial canker (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis), bacterial speck (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) in tomato, and bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria) in pepper

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tóbiás ◽  
J. Lehoczki-Tornai ◽  
Z. Szalai ◽  
L. Csambalik ◽  
L. Radics
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Bacterial Canker ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Wine Vinegar

In ecological farming systems farmers can't use chemicals against pests. In ecological plant protection the aim is to prevent diseases; if it is not possible the use of allowed materials are permitted. Until now there haven't been enough effective and environmental friendly materials for seed treatment in organic farming. Seed borne diseases of tomato and pepper can cause serious losses in yield, so finding appropriate inhibitors has a great importance. Different materials were tested against these bacterial strains for seed treatment in this study. In vitro trials have shown that vinegar, cider vinegar, red wine vinegar and white wine vinegar have inhibiting effect against the causative agent of bacterial canker (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis), bacterial speck (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) of tomato. These materials also have inhibiting impact on the causative agent of bacterial spot of pepper (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria). Seed treatment with (natural alkaline material) sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) had no effect on the examined bacterial strains. Among examined essential oils cinnamon oil seemed to be the most effective, but all oils decreased the germination ability. Thyme and savory teas were effective against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Other examined materials had insufficient bactericide impact (sucrose, NaCI, ethanol, valerian extract, peppermint tea). The germination test has shown that examined vinegar types don't decrease germination ability.

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial activity of Magnolia tamaulipana against tomato phytopathogenic bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 268-274
Author(s):  
Julio Chacón-Hernández ◽  
Roberto Arredondo-Valdés ◽  
Francisco Reyes-Zepeda ◽  
Francisco D. Hernández-Castillo ◽  
Julia C. Anguiano-Cabello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Linnaeus) is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world. Still, there are phytopathogenic bacteria that cause a decrease in the yield or can kill the plant, like Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst), Xanthomonas vesicatoria (Xv), Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs ) and Agrobacterium tumefeciens (At). Synthetic chemical fungicides are primarily used to control plant pathogenic bacteria, but their rapid growth makes them resistant to control. This research work is aimed at assessing the in vitro antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of Magnolia tamaulipana Vazquez leaves against Rs, Pst, Xv, Cmm, and At, as well as obtaining information about this plant species' chemical composition. The extract inhibited the growth of the five phytopathogenic bacteria that were tested. The growth inhibition rate ranged between 8.22 and 100%. The inhibitory concentration, IC<sub>50(90)</sub>, required to inhibit 50 (90%) of Pst, Xv, Cmm, and At bacterial growth, was 34.71 (39.62), 23.09 (441.88), 64.75 (176.73) and 97.72 (535.48) ppm, respectively. The phytochemical analysis detected the presence of phenols, tannins, terpenes, saponins. M. tamaulipana ethanolic extract has antimicrobial properties and it must be considered a new control agent.

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