scholarly journals Reproductive and Behavioral Evaluation of a New Immunocastration Dog Vaccine

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Daniela Siel ◽  
María José Ubilla ◽  
Sonia Vidal ◽  
Alexandra Loaiza ◽  
John Quiroga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Chitosan ◽  
And Control ◽  
Complementary Strategy ◽  
Positive Effect

Canine immunocastration development has been of interest for many years as a complementary strategy to surgical castration. The purpose of this paper was to verify the effect of a recombinant vaccine for dog immunocastration. Two tests were done, one under controlled conditions and a second under field conditions. Animals were injected with 1 mL of 500 µg GnRXG/Q recombinant protein; 500 µg of low molecular weight chitosan as adjuvant; 1 mL NaCl 0.9% q.s. In the first trial, eight Beagle male dogs between the ages of 1 and 3 comprised the sample, randomly divided into two groups: vaccinated group (n = 7) and control group (n = 2). The second trial had 32 dogs with owners. In the first controlled conditions trial, the vaccine produced specific antibodies that remained until the end of the trial (day 270), inducing reduced testosterone and spermiogram changes in the immunized animals. In a second trial, on the field, specific immunity was induced, which remained high up to day 150. The vaccine also reduced sexual agonistic and marking behaviors. This new vaccine proved to be safe, immunogenic, capable of reducing gonadal functionality, and had a positive effect on inducing reduced sexual, agonistic, and marking behavior of the animals.

scholarly journals Chitosan-based biomaterials used in critical-size bone defects: radiographic study in rat's calvaria

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubens Spin-Neto ◽  
Felipe Leite Coletti ◽  
Rubens Moreno de Freitas ◽  
Chaíne Pavone ◽  
Sérgio Paulo Campana-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Chitosan Hydrochloride ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Chitosan ◽  
High Molecular Weight Chitosan

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated, using digital radiographic images, the action of chitosan and chitosan hydrochloride biomaterials, with both low and high molecular weight, used in the correction of critical-size bone defects (CSBD's) in rat's calvaria. MATERIAL AND METHOD: CSBD's with 8 mm in diameter were surgically created in the calvaria of 50 Holtzman rats and these were filled with a blood clot (Control), low molecular weight chitosan, high molecular weight chitosan, low molecular weight chitosan hydrochloride and high molecular weight chitosan hydrochloride, for a total of 10 animals, which were divided into two experimental periods (15 and 60 days), for each biomaterial. The radiographic evaluation was made using two digital radiographs of the animal's skull: one taken right after the bone defect was created and the other at the moment of the sacrifice, providing the initial and the final radiographic bone density in the area of the defect, which were compared. RESULT: Analysis of radiographic bone density indicated that the increase in the radiographic bone density of the CSBD's treated with the proposed biomaterials, in either molecular weight, in both observed periods, where similar to those found in control group. CONCLUSION: Tested chitosan-based biomaterials were not able to enhance the radiographic density in the CSBD's made in rat's calvaria.

Perbedaan Pengaruh Aplikasi Gel Kombinasi Kitosan Berat Molekul Tinggi dan Rendah dengan Ekstrak Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera) Terhadap Kepadatan Kolagen pada Proses Penyembuhan Ulkus Traumatikus

DENTA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Sularsih Sularsih ◽  
Michelle Suhartono ◽  
Nafi’ah Nafi’ah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Chitosan

<p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong><em> Traumatic ulcer is one of the most common oral wounds. Chitosan has mucoadhesive characteristic while Aloe vera containing lignin which is able to penetrate the skin. It is expected that the combined gel of chitosan and Aloe vera will function as wound healing accelerator in traumatic ulcer. Molecular weight is one of the characteristics of chitosan quality. <strong>Purpose:</strong> the aim of this experiment was to know the density of collagen fibers in wound healing of traumatic ulcer using the combined gel of chitosan with different molecular weight and Aloe vera. <strong>Materials and method: </strong>30 Male Rattus Norvegicus were divided into 3 groups. Group I was control group (without chitosan and Aloe vera), group II was given low molecular weight chitosan and Aloe vera, group III was given high molecular weight chitosan and Aloe vera. The groups were given traumatic ulcer making with 4 mm diameter and 2 mm depth. Rats were sacrificed by decapitation on day 3 and 7 then they were examined histopatologically to see the density of collagen fibers. <strong>Result:</strong> Statistical analysis with Kruskall Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test showed that there were significant difference p&lt;0,05 between high and low molecular weight chitosan with Aloe vera group on day 3 and 7. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Chitosan with high molecular weight and Aloe vera were more effective in wound healing of traumatic ulcer b</em><em>ecause they increase</em><em> the density of collagen fibers.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em>  Combined gel of chitosan and Aloe vera, density of collagen fibers, wound healing.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><strong><em>Korespondensi:</em></strong><em> Sularsih, Bagian Ilmu Biomaterial Kedokteran Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Hang Tuah, Arif Rahman Hakim 150, Telepon 031-5912191.</em>

Systemic Thrombin Generation and Activity Resistant to Low Molecular Weight Heparin Administered Prior to Streptokinase in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (01) ◽  
pp. 057-061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis W T Nilsen ◽  
Lasse Gøransson ◽  
Alf-Inge Larsen ◽  
Øyvind Hetland ◽  
Peter Kierulf
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb

SummaryOne hundred patients were included in a randomized open trial to assess the systemic factor Xa (FXa) and thrombin inhibitory effect as well as the safety profile of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) given subcutaneously in conjunction with streptokinase (SK) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). The treatment was initiated prior to SK, followed by repeated injections every 12 h for 7 days, using a dose of 150 anti-Xa units per kg body weight. The control group received unfractionated heparin (UFH) 12,500 IU subcutaneously every 12 h for 7 days, initiated 4 h after start of SK infusion. All patients received acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) initiated prior to SK.Serial blood samples were collected prior to and during the first 24 h after initiation of SK infusion for determination of prothrombin fragment 1+2 (Fl+2), thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complexes, fibrinopeptide A (FPA) and cardiac enzymes. Bleeding complications and adverse events were carefully accounted for.Infarct characteristics, as judged by creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT), were similar in both groups of patients.A comparable transient increase in Fl+2, TAT and FPA was noted irrespective of heparin regimen. Increased anti-Xa activity in patients given LMWH prior to thrombolytic treatment had no impact on indices of systemic thrombin activation.The incidence of major bleedings was significantly higher in patients receiving LMWH as compared to patients receiving UFH. However, the occurrence of bleedings was modified after reduction of the initial LMWH dose to 100 anti-Xa units per kg body weight.In conclusion, systemic FXa- and thrombin activity following SK-infusion in patients with acute MI was uninfluenced by conjunctive LMWH treatment.

The Relation Between VIIIR:AG and VIII:C Studied with Two Antisera

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Muller ◽  
N. H. van Tilburg ◽  
R. M. Bertina ◽  
J. J. Veltkamp
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Normal Plasma ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
Sterical Hindrance ◽  
Inhibitory Antibodies

FVIII was separated into low molecular weight FVIII (LMW FVIII) and high molecular weight FVIII (HMW FVIII) by gel chromatography in the presence of high salt concentration or by high salt elution of LMW FVIII from FVIII bound to anti HMW FVII-Sepharose. Specific antibodies were raised in rabbits against HMW FVIII and LMW FVIII. After removal of the contaminating anti HMW activities the rabbit anti LMW FVIII was still able to neutralize the FVIII coagulant activity of normal plasma and of IMW FVIII with canparable efficiency and it had no effect on the VIIIR:WF of FVIII in normal plasma or in HMW FVIII. Anti LMW FVIII does not bind to HMW FVIII and does not precipitate FVIII as tested by counter immunoelectrophoresis. Rabbit anti HMW FVIII precipitates FVIII in normal plasma, inhibits VIIIR:WF activity, while it has no effect on the FVIII coagulant activity of LMW FVIII. The coagulant activity of FVIII in normal plasma is slightly inhibited by anti HMW FVIII presumably by non-specific effects (sterical hindrance). It is concluded that inhibitory antibodies against VIII:C raised in rabbits recognize antigenic structures only present on LMW FVIII. Antibodies against HMW FVIII raised in rabbits appears to recognize structures only present on HMW FVIII.

scholarly journals The Repercussion of Ai Chi on Aged People’s Balance

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-256
Author(s):  
Pablo Javier Olabe Sánchez ◽  
Andrés Martínez-Almagro Andreo
Keyword(s):  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Of Fall ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

To practice strength and balance activities are shown as useful tools to fall prevention by diverse metanalysis. On the other side, aquatic environment offers interesting properties for a therapeutic reeducation, being the Ai Chi one of its applications. Aim: To evaluate the repercussion of an Ai Chi programme on aged people’s balance. Method: A randomized controlled trial was developed comparing two groups formed by aged people with risk of fall according to the Timed Up & Go test. Intervention Group (IG) followed twelve Ai Chi sessions combined with their thermal programme; and Control Group (CG) just followed the thermal programme. Both groups spent two weeks in the Balneario of Archena (Murcia, Spain). Results: Both groups improve their balance; however, only the IG reached the non-risk of fall from the Timed Up & Go test. Conclusions: The combination of Ai Chi sessions and a thermal programme had a positive effect on aged people’s balance, showing a therapeutic and clinical relevance.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of low-molecular-weight peptides (0–3 kDa) from Spirulina platensis on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in L02 human liver cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ma ◽  
Xiankun Zeng ◽  
Min Zhou ◽  
Le Cheng ◽  
Difeng Ren
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
L02 Cells

AbstractSpirulina platensis protein hydrolysates were prepared by digesting protein extracts with papain, and the hydrolysates were separated into 30, 10, and 3 kDa weights using membrane ultrafiltration. The 0–3 kDa low-molecular-weight Spirulina peptides (LMWSPs) proved the highest chemical antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenging activities and total antioxidant capacity. Cellular antioxidant ability of LMWPs fractions against 2000 μg/mL H2O2 induced oxidative damage of L02 cells were investigated. The MTT assay results displayed that LMWSPs at different concentrations (0–1000 μg/mL) had proliferation effect on the L02 cells and that treatment of the L02 cells with the 1000 μg/mL LMWSPs (0–3 kDa) significantly prevented H2O2-induced oxidative damage compared with control cells. Moreover, the 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescent probe assay showed that the levels of ROS and NO were significantly lower in the experimental group that was treated with the peptides for 24 h than in the control group. Furthermore, using the corresponding kits, the treatment inhibited the reduction of SOD activity and the increase of MDA contents in the L02 cells. Therefore, LMWSPs (0–3 kDa) may have potential applications in antioxidant and liver health products.

Preparation of low-molecular-weight chitosan by enzymatic hydro-lysis for use in peliculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Элана Игоревна Ковалева ◽  
Марина Алексеевна Фролова ◽  
Алексей Иванович Албулов ◽  
Валерий Петрович Варламов ◽  
Анатолий Константинович Елисеев
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Chitosan

Хитозан и его производные обладают множеством свойств, которые позволяют применять его в пчеловодстве. Он повышает устойчивость организма пчел к неблагоприятным факторам внешней среды и к возбудителям различных заболеваний. В результате проведенных исследований разработаны технологические параметры получения низкомолекулярного хитозана методом ферментативного гидролиза. Chitosan and its derivatives have many properties that allow them to be used in beekeeping. It increases the resistance of the bee organism to adverse environmental factors and to pathogens of various diseases. As a result of the conducted research, the technological parameters for the production of low-molecular-weight chitosan by enzymatic hydrolysis were developed.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS FEED ADDITIVES ON THE ACTIVITY OF CHYME AND BLOOD PLASMA ENZYMES OF YOUNG MEAT CHICKEN OF ORIGINAL LINE

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
A. Grozina
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Pancreatic Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Original Line

The research aimed to determine the effect of a mixture of low molecular weight organic acids and complex phytobiotics when replacing a feed antibiotic with them on the activity of digestive enzymes in the duode-nal chyme and the activity of pancreatic enzymes in the blood plasma of young stock B5 and B9 meat chicken lines. The experiments were carried out on the original lines of meat poultry lines B5 (Cornish) and B9 (Plymouth rock). There was an operation to insert a cannula into the duodenum at the age of 6 weeks. The enzymatic activity of the duodenum chyme and the content of pancreatic enzymes in the blood plasma in the groups of chickens receiving antibiotics, low molecular weight organic acids, and phytobiotics with the diet. The data showed that the influence of feed additives on the physiological status of poultry was different. The use of low molecular weight organic acids of the B5 and B9 chicken lines had a significant effect on the production of digestive enzymes due to an increase in the activity of chyme lipase (by 98.3%) and blood plasma lipase (by 26.6%) in B9 chickens and an increase in chyme proteases (by 30.9%) in B5 chickens compared with the control group, where the antibiotic was used. The introduction of complex phytobiotics into the diet had a negative effect on chickens of the B5 line (Cornish), reducing the activity of amylase and lipase of the duodenal chyme (by 29.2 and 26.9%) compared with the control group. In B9 (Plymouth rock) chickens, only the chyme amylase activity increased by 30.8% that indicates an improvement in the availability of feed carbohydrates. These data confirm the need to take into account the different effects of feed additives on the digestion processes in different poultry crosses.

scholarly journals PENGARUH METODE PRAKTIKUM BERBANTUAN FLASH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI HIDROKARBON DI KELAS XI IPA SMA MUHAMMADIYAH PONTIANAK

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salmauwati Salmauwati ◽  
Muhamad Agus Wibowo ◽  
Dedeh Kurniasih
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACTThis study was initiated by the students’ low learning outcomes on Chemistry subject and the teachers’ preference in using lecture method in teaching learning process.This study aimed at 1) finding out the differences of students’ learning outcomes between the use of flash media-assisted practical method and lecture method on hydrocarbon class at grade XI MIA of SMA Muhammadiyah I Pontianak. Using quasi experimental design and Control Group Posttes Design, this study employed the students of grade XI MIA 2 as the samples of experiment group, andthe students of grade XI MIA 2 as the samples of control group. The data collection techniques used were measurement and observation. While the instruments employed were observation sheet and essay. TheU-Mann Whitneytest revealed that the post test score of 0,0140< 0,05 Ho was rejected, while the Ha one was accepted. It means that there was correlation of students’ learning outcomes between the experiment and the control groups. In addition, the effect size result was 1,086 > 0,8 and considered high which indicated the positive effect of flash media-assisted practical method in enhancing students’ learning achievement.Keywords: flash, learning outcomes, hydrocarbon, practical method

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