scholarly journals Assessment of Fermented Soybean Meal on Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Neonatal Turkey Poults

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1849
Author(s):  
Arantxa Morales-Mena ◽  
Sergio Martínez-González ◽  
Kyle D. Teague ◽  
Lucas E. Graham ◽  
Roberto Señas-Cuesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Fermented Soybean Meal ◽  
Fermented Soybean ◽  
Turkey Poults

This study’s objective was to evaluate the effect of the fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on Salmonella typhimurium (ST) to turkey poults using two models of infection. In the prophylactic model, one-day-old turkeys were randomly allocated to one of four different groups (n = 30 turkeys/group): (1) Control group, (2) FSBM group, (3) Control group challenged with ST (Control + ST), and (4) FSBM group challenged with ST (FSBM + ST). On day 9 of age, all poults were orally challenged with 106 colony forming units (CFU) ST and 24 h post-inoculation, intestinal samples were collected to determine ST recovery and morphometric analysis. Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d). In the therapeutic model, a similar experimental design was used, but turkeys were orally gavaged 104 CFU ST on day 1, and samples were collected at day 7. FSBM improved performance and reduced leaky gut in both experimental infective models. In the prophylactic model, FSBB induced morphology changes in the mucosa. Although the strains (Lactobacillus salivarius and Bacillus licheniformis) used for the fermentation process showed in vitro activity against ST, no significant effect was observed in vivo. The fermentation with different beneficial bacteria and different inclusion rates of FSBM requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Fermented soybean meal extract improves oxidative stress factors in the lung of inflammation/infection animal model

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (13) ◽  
pp. 1507-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Miri ◽  
Reza Hajihosseini ◽  
Hamed Saedi ◽  
Maryam Vaseghi ◽  
Azadeh Rasooli
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Fermented Soybean Meal ◽  
Fermented Soybean

Abstract Context Fermented soybean products have been used in various ways, and more research is being conducted on them to reveal their benefit. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative activity of fermented soybean meal extract by Lactobacillus plantarum in vitro and in vivo tests. Materials and methods A Lactobacillus plantarum strain RM10 was selected through plate and fermentation experiment, which increased the degree of protein hydrolysis (1.015 μg/mL) and antioxidant activity in soybean meal fermented by selected bacteria (FSBM). In vivo study was done on septic rats as an inflammation/infection model, and then the trial groups were treated with different concentrations of fermented soybean meal extracts (FSBM, 5, 10, and 20%). Results DPPH radical-scavenging and ferrozine ion-chelating activity enhanced (P < 0.05) after fermentation of soybean meal compared to control group. Reduced (P < 0.05) expression of inflammatory genes and enzymes was detected in the lungs of rats treated with fermented soybean meal extract. Discussion and conclusions These results demonstrated that a diet containing fermented soybean meal extract improved extreme inflammatory response in an infectious disease like sepsis by reducing inflammatory factors.

scholarly journals Improvement of Experimentally Induced Hepatic and Renal Disorders in Rats using Lactic Acid Bacteria-fermented Soybean Extract (Biofermentics™)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoichi Shin ◽  
Momoyo Suzuki ◽  
Takeo Mizutani ◽  
Nobuyuki Susa
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Renal Disorders ◽  
Fermented Soybean ◽  
Malondialdehyde Formation ◽  
Soybean Extract

The effects of lactic acid bacteria-fermented soybean extract (Biofermentics™; BF) on experimental models of hepatic and renal disorders were investigatedin vivoandin vitro. In rat, hepatitis induced by feeding of deoxycholic acid (DCA, 0.5 wt/wt,n= 6) or intraperitoneal injection ofd-galactosamine (GMN, 500 mg/body wt,n= 6), the increase in serum AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) levels were inhibited significantly (P< 0.05) by feeding a diet containing 5% dried BF. Moreover, the BF-administered rat group showed lower concentrations of blood urea nitrogen and a larger amount of urine as compared with values in the control group. Pretreatment of primary cell cultures of rat hepatic and renal cells with BF prior to exposure to dichromate (K2Cr2O7) resulted in a marked decrease of dichromate-induced cytotoxicity as evaluated by the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase The levels of dichromate-induced lipid peroxidation, as monitored by malondialdehyde formation, were also reduced by pretreatment of hepatocytes with BF. These results suggest that BF may play a role in hepatic and renal disorders, and may be useful for maintaining health in humans as well.

scholarly journals The Effect of Diet with Fermented Soybean Meal on Blood Metabolites and Redox Status of Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-611
Author(s):  
Iwona Sembratowicz ◽  
Robert Chachaj ◽  
Magdalena Krauze ◽  
Katarzyna Ognik
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fermented Soybean Meal ◽  
Fermented Soybean

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine whether replacing soybean meal with 3% or 6% fermented soybean meal would positively affect blood metabolites and redox status of broiler chickens. The experiment was carried out on 600 broiler chickens assigned to three experimental groups of 200 chickens each (10 replications of 20 individuals each). In the control group, soybean meal (SBM) was the main source of dietary protein, whereas the remaining groups were fed diets in which soybean meal was partially replaced with 3% or 6% fermented soybean meal (FSBM-3%, FSBM-6%). The fermentation of the SBM contributed to an increase of Lactobacillus, content of crude protein, methionine and lysine, and especially over a 30-fold increase in the concentration of lactic acid. The inclusion of 3% or 6% share of FSBM in the diet of chickens contributed to an increase in total antioxidant potential (FRAP) and plasma total glutathione content. In blood of chickens receiving FSBM an increase of total protein and HDL cholesterol content, aspartate aminotransferase activity and a decrease in urea content were noted. In addition to the positive effect on protein and lipid metabolism as well as antioxidant defence, the diet with a 6% share of FSBM improved body weight gain of chickens. In conclusion, it can be suggested that introducing 6% share of FSBM in place of FSM is more justified.

scholarly journals Fermented soybean meal ameliorates Salmonella Typhimurium infection in young broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 5648-5660 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Jazi ◽  
H Mohebodini ◽  
A Ashayerizadeh ◽  
A Shabani ◽  
R Barekatain
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Fermented Soybean Meal ◽  
Fermented Soybean

scholarly journals The Effect of Fermented Soybean Meal on Performance, Biochemical and Immunological Blood Parameters in Turkeys

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1035-1049
Author(s):  
Robert Chachaj ◽  
Iwona Sembratowicz ◽  
Magdalena Krauze ◽  
Anna Stępniowska ◽  
Elżbieta Rusinek-Prystupa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Fermented Soybean Meal ◽  
Fermented Soybean

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to assess the effect of different levels of fermented soybean meal on growth performance, intestinal morphology, metabolic indicators, and immunity in turkeys. The material for the study consisted of day-old BIG 6 turkeys raised to the age of 112 days. The experiment was carried out on 800 turkey hens (10 replications of 20 individuals each), assigned to 4 experimental groups of 200 birds each. The feed for the control group (FSBM0) was a standard mix without fermented soybean meal. For turkeys from groups FSBM7, FSBM9 and FSBM10 the diet contained 70, 90 or 100 g fermented soybean meal (FSBM) per kg of feed, respectively. The study showed that including fermented soybean meal in feed for turkeys at 7% improved intestinal histology and stimulated the immune and antioxidant systems. The use of higher level of FSBM (9% and 10%) in the diet of the turkeys improved growth performance and had a beneficial effect on the histology of the small intestine. The dietary inclusion of 10% FSBM had beneficial effect on red-blood-cell parameters, but caused negative impact on liver and kidney function (an increase of aminotransferases activity, content of glucose and creatinine in turkeys’ blood). Ten percent share of FSBM in feed contributed to an adverse intensification of oxidation and inflammatory reactions which were reflected by an increase of malonyldialdehyde, lipid peroxides level and proinflammatory inteleukine-6 contents.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus plantarum B7 attenuates Salmonella typhimurium infection in mice: preclinical study in vitro and in vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwaporn Wongsen ◽  
Duangporn Werawatganon ◽  
Somying Tumwasorn
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract Background Salmonella typhimurium is a cause of gastroenteritis including diarrhea. Lactobacillus plantarum is a probiotic widely used to prevent and treat diarrhea. Objectives To determine the protective effects of L. plantarum B7 on diarrhea in mice induced by S. typhimurium. Methods Inhibition of S. typhimurium growth by L. plantarum B7 was determined using an agar spot method. Mice were divided into 3 groups (n = 8 each): a control group, an S group administered 3 × 109 CFU/mL S. typhimurium, and an S + LP group administered 1 × 109 CFU/mL L. plantarum B7 and 3 × 109 CFU/mL S. typhimurium daily for 3 days. Counts of S. typhimurium and percentage of fecal moisture content (%FMC) were determined from stool samples. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and CXCL1 were determined. Results L. plantarum B7 produced a clear zone on S. typhimurium. There were significantly less S. typhimurium in the feces from mice in the S+LP group than in the S group. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CXCL1 in mice from the S group were significantly higher than levels in the S+LP and control groups. Feces from mice in the S group were soft and loose, whereas in the S+LP group they were hard and rod shaped. The %FMC in the S+LP group was significantly less than in the S group. Conclusions L. plantarum B7 can inhibit growth of S. typhimurium, decrease levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and attenuate symptoms of diarrhea induced in mice by S. typhimurium.

scholarly journals Mechanisms by Which Fermented Soybean Meal and Soybean Meal Induced Enteritis in Marine Fish Juvenile Pearl Gentian Grouper

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Beiping Tan ◽  
Junming Deng ◽  
Xiaohui Dong ◽  
Qihui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Genes ◽  
Fermented Soybean Meal ◽  
Fermented Soybean

Soy meals can cause intestinal inflammation and even injury in animals, especially infants and juvenile individuals. This study investigated the effects of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on the growth and intestinal homeostasis of juvenile pearl gentian grouper and examined the mechanisms by which FSBM and soybean meal (SBM) induced enteritis in fish, using “3+2” full-length transcriptome sequencing. We randomly assigned 720 female juvenile groupers into three treatment groups: FM control group, 20% FSBM group (FSBM20), and FSBM40 group (n = 4). Three iso-nitrogenous (50% protein) and iso-lipidic (10% lipid) diets were prepared and fed to fish for 10 weeks. The water volume in each barrel was about 1 m3, using natural light and temperature. Results showed that dietary FSBM, at experimental level, significantly affected fish growth and intestinal structure negatively and significantly increased enteritis indices. The degree of intestinal injury and inflammation was determined by the enzyme activities of trypsin and lysozyme, and the contents of IgM, C3, C4, and malondialdehyde, and the expressions of pro-inflammatory genes (IL1β, IL8, IL17, and TNFα) and anti-inflammatory genes (IL4, IL10, and TGFβ1). Full-length transcriptome analysis identified 2,305 and 3,462 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in SBM40 and FSBM40 groups, respectively. However, only 18.98% (920/5,445) of DEGs had similar expression patterns, indicating that high levels of SBM40 and FSBM40 have different metabolic strategies. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that among the significant pathways, ~45% were related to immune diseases/systems, infectious diseases, and signal transduction in both SBM and FSBM groups. Based on PacBio SMRT sequencing, nine toll-like receptor (TLR) members, including TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR5, TLR8, TLR9, TLR13, TLR21, and TLR22, were detected in intestinal tissues of pearl gentian grouper. TLR-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway played an important role in the development of FSBM- and SBM-induced enteritis in pearl gentian grouper; however, TLR receptors used in SBM and FSBM groups were different. TLR1, TLR8, TLR13, and TLR22 were the main receptors used in FSBM group, while TLR5, TLR8, TLR9, TLR21, and TLR22 were the main receptors used in SBM group. Present study provides valuable theoretical references for further research on soy protein-induced enteritis in fish.

scholarly journals Purified Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis Promotes Tissue Regeneration by Reducing Oxidative Stress and the Secretion of Collagen In Vitro and In Vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yu Chou ◽  
Dik-Lung Ma ◽  
Chung-Hang Leung ◽  
Chien-Chih Chiu ◽  
Tzyh-Chyuan Hour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Normal Fibroblast ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dose Dependent

Intracellular reactive apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in ultraviolet- (UV-) induced inflammation and aging reaction in human dermal tissues. This study determines the mechanism by which Haematococcus pluvialis extracts (HPE) and purified astaxanthin (HPA) to promote skin regeneration in the injured tissue in vitro and in vivo. The results show that HPE and HPA decrease the DNA damage and promote the secretion of collagen from the human normal fibroblast cell line (Hs68) in a dose-dependent manner. UV irradiation and HPA reduce oxidative stress damage due to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). When skin cells are injured by free radicals, cells undergo a programmed cellular death. Cellular apoptotic death is determined using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double staining to verify that there is no cell membrane asymmetry and that the nuclear membrane is broken. Inflammatory symptoms and apoptotic injuries to experimental rats in a group that is treated with HPA treated are decreased in a dose-dependent manner after UVB exposure (300 mJ/cm2) for 15 min in vivo, compared to the vehicle control group. These positive results show that HPA repairs UVB-triggered skin tissue injury and aging by conducting electrons out of cells to maintain a low level of oxidative stress so that collagen is synthesized in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals Feeding diets with graded levels of fermented soybean meal to Pacific whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931): Effect on digestive enzymes, immune responses and carcass composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
SR. Jannathulla ◽  
H. Imran Khan ◽  
D. Thulasi ◽  
S. Kathyayani ◽  
K. Ambasankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Penaeus Vannamei ◽  
Fermented Soybean Meal ◽  
Fermented Soybean ◽  
Significant Difference

A 45-days indoor trial was performed to assess the effect of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on digestive enzyme activity, immune responses and carcass composition of amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals in Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931). Five iso-nitrogenous diets were formulated by replacing fishmeal (w/w) with FSBM (200, 250, 300. 350 and 400 g kg-1). A total of 300 juveniles (3.08±0.07 g) were randomly distributed to the experimental tanks at the rate of twenty shrimp per tank with three replications for each treatment. Protease activity (p<0.05) decreased with increase in the inclusion level of fermented ingredients. Shrimp fed with FSBM300 diet had a significantly (p<0.05) higher amylase activity than others. Whereas, the lipase activity was not affected significantly due to the dietary change. Total haemocyte count varied from 11.24 to18.54x106 cells ml-1 in FSBM diet fed shrimps. Control group showed highest activity of phenoloxidase (2.85 dopochrome ml-1) but it did not significantly differ from other treatments. Shrimp fed fermented ingredients had no significant difference in carcass amino acids. Eicosapentaenoic (C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acids (C22:6) were significantly (p<0.05) affected in shrimp reared with FSBM350 and FSBM400 diets. Calcium had a significant difference between the treatments, while other elements were not influenced. The results concluded that fishmeal could be partially substituted with fermented ingredients in the diet of P. vannamei without having any negative effect on immune responses and carcass micro-nutrients.

In-vitro- und In-vivo-Wirkung von Schilddrüsenhormon auf das Wachstum von Neuroblastomzellen

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
R. P. Baum ◽  
E. Rohrbach ◽  
G. Hör ◽  
B. Kornhuber ◽  
E. Busse
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Initial Rise ◽  
Biphasic Effect ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Sign

The effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on the differentiation of cultured neuroblastoma (NB) cells was studied after 9 days of treatment with a dose of 10-4 M/106 cells per day. Using phase contrast microscopy, 30-50% of NB cells showed formation of neurites as a morphological sign of cellular differentiation. The initial rise of the mitosis rate was followed by a plateau. Changes in cyclic nucleotide content, in the triphosphates and in the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) were assessed in 2 human and 2 murine cell lines to serve as biochemical parameters of the cell differentiation induced by T3. Whereas the cAMP level increased significantly (3 to 7 fold compared with its initial value), the cGMP value dropped to 30 to 50% of that of the control group. ATP and GTP increased about 200%, the ODC showed a decrease of about 50%. The present studies show a biphasic effect of T3 on neuroblastoma cells: the initial rise of mitotic activity is followed by increased cell differentiation starting from day 4 of the treatment.

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