scholarly journals Sperm Cryopreservation in American Flamingo (Phoenicopterus Ruber): Influence of Cryoprotectants and Seminal Plasma Removal

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
María Gemma Millán de la Blanca ◽  
Eva Martínez-Nevado ◽  
Cristina Castaño ◽  
Juncal García ◽  
Berenice Bernal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sperm Cryopreservation ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
The Family ◽  
Second Year ◽  
American Flamingo ◽  
Phoenicopterus Ruber

The American flamingo is a useful model for the development of successful semen cryopreservation procedures to be applied to threatened related species from the family Phoenicopteridae, and to permit genetic material banking. Current study sought to develop effective sperm cryopreservation protocols through examining the influences of two permeating cryoprotectants and the seminal plasma removal. During two consecutive years (April), semen samples were collected and frozen from American flamingos. In the first year, the effect of two permeating cryoprotectants, DMA (dimethylacetamide) (6%) or Me2SO (dimethylsulphoxide) (8%), on frozen–thawed sperm variables were compared in 21 males. No differences were seen between DMA and Me2SO for sperm motility, sperm viability, and DNA fragmentation after thawing. In the second year, the role of seminal plasma on sperm cryoresistance was investigated in 31 flamingos. Sperm samples were cryopreserved with and without seminal plasma, using Me2SO (8%) as a cryoprotectant. The results showed that samples with seminal plasma had higher values than samples without seminal plasma for the following sperm variables: Straight line velocity (22.40 µm/s vs. 16.64 µm/s), wobble (75.83% vs. 69.40%), (p < 0.05), linearity (62.73% vs. 52.01%) and straightness (82.38% vs. 73.79%) (p < 0.01); but acrosome integrity was lower (55.56% vs. 66.88%) (p < 0.05). The cryoresistance ratio (CR) was greater in samples frozen with seminal plasma than without seminal plasma for CR-progressive motility (138.72 vs. 54.59), CR-curvilinear velocity (105.98 vs. 89.32), CR-straight line velocity (152.77 vs. 112.58), CR-average path velocity (122.48 vs. 98.12), CR-wobble (111.75 vs. 102.04) (p < 0.05), CR-linearity (139.41 vs. 113.18), and CR-straightness (124.02 vs. 109.97) (p < 0.01). This research demonstrated that there were not differences between Me2SO and DMA to successful freezing sperm of flamingos; seminal plasma removal did not provide a benefit for sperm cryopreservation.

scholarly journals DOES FINTECH MATTER FOR INDONESIA’S ECONOMIC GROWTH?

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-456
Author(s):  
Seema Wati Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
First Year ◽  
Stock Market Development ◽  
Endogenous Growth Theory ◽  
Investment And Financing ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Financial Technology

This paper investigates the role of financial technology (FinTech) in propelling economic growth in Indonesia from 1998 to 2018. The FinTech industry employs a technology-based business model to provide financial services, including lending, payment, investment, and financing services. The study is motivated by endogenous growth theory, which seeks to explain technology as the most important driver of economic growth. The study finds that FinTech startups are positively correlated with Indonesia’s economic growth. FinTech firms in their first year are found to be disruptive, but they fail to have serious consequences on Indonesia’s economic growth; however, they seem to significantly encourage economic growth in their second year. These findings are derived after accounting for other important growth determinants, namely, capital per labor, foreign direct investment (FDI), stock market development, and trade openness.

Role of Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy in the Management of Children with Middle Ear Effusion

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Snow
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
First Year ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Ear Effusion

Evidence for the clinical effectiveness of adenoidectomy or tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in the management of children with persistent middle ear effusions is incomplete and what evidence there is in the literature is not convincing. In the first year after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy there is less otitis media. The beneficial effects of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy on the incidence of otitis media declines in the second year after the operation. The prevailing opinion is that adenoidectomy is not indicated in the vast majority of children in whom a middle ear effusion has persisted for six weeks or more in spite of antibiotic therapy. Factors favoring an adenoidectomy would be persistent nasal obstruction, persistent purulent rhinorrhea and persistent adenoiditis. The role of tonsillectomy is even less clear, but the decision regarding tonsillectomy is made by most clinicians on the basis of the amount of intercurrent or chronic tonsillitis rather than on the basis of the middle ear effusion per se.

scholarly journals Comparison of phosphate fertilisers in a grazed hill country pasture

1990 ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Reactive Phosphate Rock ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Second Year

A grazing trial evaluated the agronomic effectiveness of 3 different types of phosphate (P) fertilisers. The same fertilisers were also evaluated in a small-plot mowing trial located within the grazing trial. In the grazing trial, which covered 35 ha of summer moist hill country, the partially acidulated phosphate rock (PAPR) and reactive phosphate rock (RPR) were as effective as superphosphate in stimulating legume and pasture production in the first year. In the second year the two slow-release materials continued to perform as well as SSP. In contrast in the mowing trial, superphosphate was more effective than RPR in the first year. This trial technique clearly underestimates the initial effectiveness of PAPR and RPR in grazed hill country. The traditional small-plot mowing trial technique, and the role of PAPR and RPR fertilisers in hill country, both need re-evaluation. Keywords hill country, superphosphate, slow release fertilisers, mowing trials, grazed pasture

COVID-19: An Update on Pathogenesis and Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Abduallah AL Dhamen ◽  
Abrar Fouad Alhashim ◽  
Hawra Hussain Alqattan ◽  
Faheem Hyder Pottoo
Keyword(s):  
Genome Structure ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Replication Process ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
The Family ◽  
Transmission Pathways

: In 2019, a new virus –SARS-COV2 emerged in china which infected many people affecting mainly the respiratory system. SARS-COV2 gets transmitted by inhalation of droplets from infected persons. Symptoms start to appear after the incubation period of the virus which ranges from 2 to 14 days. In most people, symptoms are usually mild such as fever, sore throat, cough, chest tightness and fatigue. In other people, the disease might progress into severe pneumonia leading to several fatal consequences. Treatment is usually supportive and the role of antiviral is not established yet. Home isolation for mild cases is important for the prevention of the transmission of infection. Although the rate of transmission of this virus is faster than other viruses from the family such as MERS-CoV, it has a lower fatality rate. The main difference in the genome structure of this family which make it distinguishable from other viruses is its use of (+) ssRNA as its genetic material which is comprised of 5’ cap located at one end and 3' polyadenylation tract at the other end. During infection of an exposed host cell, viral-encoded protease cleaves the polyprotein that results from translation of 5’ open reading frame (ORF) of the genome, culminating in releasing of multiple nonstructural proteins such as helicase (Hel), adenosine triphosphate (ATPase) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Rep). These proteins are responsible for the replication process in addition to the syntheses of the sub genomic mRNA used as transcription templet strand. In this review article we discussed the transmission pathways, genetic sequence and current treatment approach of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Post-epidemic Occurrence of Bluetongue Virus Vectors (Culicoides Species) în Iași County

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Dragoș Constantin ANIȚĂ ◽  
Ioana Mădălina POPESCU ◽  
Ștefania ANDERCO ◽  
Luanda Elena OȘLOBANU ◽  
Adriana ANIȚĂ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
First Year ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Culicoides Obsoletus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Culicoides Nubeculosus ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Culicoides Vectors ◽  
Obsoletus Complex

Culicoides is a genus of biting midges in the family Ceratopogonidae, representing a big threat, giving that several species serve as biological vectors of pathogens of veterinary importance. BTV distribution and persistence is thought to be almost entirely dependent upon the presence or absence of Culicoides adults vector. In this study, biting midges were collected during 2015-2016, once a week, from April to December. In the first year, 2617 BTV vector specimens were collected and identified as Culicoides obsoletus (41.2%; 95% CI: 39-43), Culicoides pulicaris (58%; 95% CI: 56-59) and Culicoides nubeculosus (0.8%; 95% CI: 0.4-1.1). In the second year, 165 BTV vector specimens were collected and identified as Culicoides obsoletus (44.25%; 95% CI: 36-51), Culicoides pulicaris (50.3%; 95% CI: 42-57), Culicoides dewulfi (4.84%; 95% CI: 1.5-8.1) and Culicoides nubeculosus (0.61%; 95% CI: 0.5-1.7). Culicoides pulicaris and Culicoides obsoletus complex were especially abundant within the two collection sites in Iași County. Our data on post-epidemic occurrence and composition of BTV vector species in the studied area will facilitate a better understanding of Culicoides vectors distribution and the possible role in bluetongue virus overwintering.

scholarly journals The use of biological fabaceae resources of the cretaceous south of Russia in breeding on the example of the species Melilotus albus medik

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
V.M. Kosolapov ◽  
V.I. Cherniavskih ◽  
E.V. Dumacheva ◽  
L.M. Tseiko
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

The morpho-biological traits of the breeding sample POD 17/13, created on the basis of genetic material of wild populations of M. albus of the Cretaceous south of the Central Russian Upland, were evaluated in comparison with the well-known zoned variety “Obskoy gigant”. The purpose of breeding work is to obtain a combination in one genotype of high yield traits of feed mass and leaf coverage; high protein content and low fiber content while maintaining seed productivity at the standard level. Three sets of field experiment were carried out: in 2016, 2017 and 2018. The setting years were the first years of life for the biennial M. albus crop. Individuals of the POD 17/13 breeding sample tend to increase the length of the growing season: by an average of 3.7 days in the first year of life, and by 7.3 days in the second year. According to the seed yield, the breeding sample M. albus POD 17/13 is at the standard level. In terms of protein content, the POD 17/13 variety significantly exceeds the standard in the first year of life by 6.8…9.2%, in the second - by 15.1…19.2%. At the same time, its herbage is more tender, since the fiber content in the aboveground mass is lower than that of the standard – in the first year of life – by 2.1…7.1%, in the second year of life - 6.9…9.9%. Thus, the POD 17/13 variety sample, created on the basis of the source material of wild populations of M. albus, is promising for obtaining a new variety based on it.

scholarly journals Experiences of Finland related to the pro-natal policy

2010 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Dragana Paunovic
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
First Year ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One

In the last 30 years Finland has been more than successful in conserving and promoting the reproductive health. In comparison to the early 70s Finland has managed, with well organized social action which includes easy access to the contraceptive means, developed network of family planning services and obligatory sexual education in schools, to decrease the number of abortions. Other indicators of reproductive health in Finland also show that it is the one of the best in the world. The role of the state in decreasing the costs of parenthood is also very important. That include maternal leave, which both parents are entitled to, maternal money support up to 80 euros per day, and maternal package, which includes clothes and other necessary things for the first year of the newborn. Finland has a long tradition and experience in institutional backgrounds for defining and implementing the pro-natal policy. The governmental institution V?est?liitto has been promoting the planning of the family very successfully for the last 50 years. The main focuses of this organization are: public health, improving the living conditions, welfare of children and improving the financial situation of the families. Therefore, it seems that Finland is a good example for all countries that want to improve their population policy in the area of reproductive health and family planning. .

scholarly journals Peer assisted learning at the Department of Chemistry for home and international students

2016 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Gita Sedghi
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Educational Development ◽  
First Year ◽  
Peer Assisted Learning ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Pastoral Support ◽  
The University

Peer assisted learning (PAL) was implemented in the Chemistry Department at the University of Liverpool to complement the University’s current peer mentoring programme. PAL leaders, who were trained by the staff from the Educational Development Division, took over the role of giving subject and pastoral support to first year undergraduate students and second year international students.

scholarly journals Effect of milk protein content in Toddler formula on later BMI and obesity risk: protocol of the multicentre randomised controlled Toddler Milk Intervention (ToMI) trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e048290
Author(s):  
Veit Grote ◽  
Vanessa Jaeger ◽  
Joaquin Escribano ◽  
Marta Zaragoza ◽  
Mariona Gispert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
First Year ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

IntroductionReduction of milk protein content in infant formula provided during the first year of life has been shown to reduce early weight gain and obesity later in life. While rapid weight gain during the first 2 years of life is one of the strongest early predictors of obesity, the role of animal protein intake beyond the first year of life is unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the role of milk protein during the second year of life in healthy children on weight gain and obesity risk in preschool age.Methods and analysisThis randomised, double-blinded study enrolled 1618 children aged 11.5–13.5 months in Spain and Germany into two groups receiving isocaloric toddler milk with differing protein content during the second year of life. The experimental formula contains 1.5 g/100 kcal and the control formula 6.15 g/100 kcal protein and otherwise equal formula composition, except for modified fat content to achieve equal energy density. The primary endpoint is body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score at the age of 24 months adjusted for BMI at 12 months of age. The children are followed until 6 years of age.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the ethical committees of the LMU University Hospital Munich, Germany (Nr. 555-15) and at Institut d’Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Reus, Spain (Ref. CEIm IISPV 013/2016). We aim at publishing results in peer-reviewed journals and sharing of results with study participants.Trial registration numberNCT02907502.

scholarly journals BENTUK PERKAWINAN MATRIARKI PADA MASYARAKAT HINDU BALI DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ADAT DAN KESETARAAN GENDER

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Sari Adnyani
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
General Public ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Model Reconstruction ◽  
The Family ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Marriage Laws ◽  
The One ◽  
Parental Marriage

Abstrak Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model hukum perkawinan berorientasi gender berbasis desa adat Hindu Bali. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan selama 3 tahun, yaitu dari tahun 2015 sampai dengan tahun 2016. Luaran penelitian selama tiga tahun dapat dijabarkan sebagai berikut: (1) luaran tahun I (2015) terdiri adalah artikel ilmiah di jurnal terakreditasi, dan draft buku ajar hukum waris pengaruh dari perkawinan berorientasi gender berbasis desa adat Hindu Bali. (2) luaran tahun II (2016) terdiri adalah artikel ilmiah di jurnal nasional terakreditasi, dan buku ajar terkait dengan hukum waris pengaruh dari perkawinan berorientasi gender berbasis desa adat Hindu Bali, dan artikel ilmiah di jurnal internasional. Hasil penelitian bentuk perkawinan matriarki di beberapa daerah di provinsi Bali seperti Buleleng, Tabanan, Gianyar, telah dijumpai penerapannya dalam masyarakat, sedangkan, di beberapa daerah lain seperti Jembrana, Klungkung, dan Bangli masih menolak bentuk perkawinan nyentana (nyeburin) yang secara proses menyerupai perkawinan matriarki, namun menurut esensinya status putrika pada anak perempuan yang menjadi sentana rajeg sudah didaulat berdasarkan pauman krama sebagai purusa (status laki-laki) penerus keturunan keluarga. Beberapa daerah lain seperti Karangasem, dan Kodya Denpasar, di satu sisi pada umumnya masyarakat menganut bentuk perkawinan patriarki, tapi dalam prakteknya tidak dapat dipungkiri ada beberapa desa seperti Tianyar, dan Abang di wilayah kabupaten Karangasem yang dijumpai telah melaksanakan bentuk perkawinan matriarki. Dikaitkan dengan pewarisan, pengaruh bentuk perkawinan matriarki terhadap anak perempuan yang semula bukan sebagai ahli waris dapat menjadi ahli waris terhadap harta orang tuanya. Implikasinya putrika mempunyai kewenangan yang sama dengan laki-laki untuk mewarisi harta kekayaan dan sanggah (tempat suci keluarga) sebagaimana layaknya laki-laki. Model rekonstruksi kebijakan perkawinan yang direkomendasikan oleh peneliti menjawab permasalahan di lapangan adalah penerapan model formulasi kebijakan perkawinan parental (Pada Gelahang). Kata Kunci: perkawinan, matriarki, gender. Abstract In general, this study aims to develop a model of marriage laws gender-oriented village-based traditional Hindu Bali. This study will be conducted over three years, from 2015 until 2016. The output of the study for three years can be described as follows: (1) outputs the first year (2015) is composed of scientific articles in accredited journals and textbooks draft law of inheritance the influence of gender-oriented marriage of traditional village-based Hindu Bali. (2) The outcome of the second year (2016) is composed of scientific articles in accredited national journals, and textbooks related to inheritance laws the influence of gender-oriented marital village-based traditional Balinese Hindu and scientific articles in international journals. The results of the study form of marriage matriarki in some areas in the province of Bali as Buleleng, Tabanan, Gianyar, has found its application in society, whereas, in some other areas such as Jembrana, Klungkung and Bangli still refuse forms of marriage nyentana (nyeburin) which process resembles marriage matriarki, but according to its essence putrika status in young women who become Rajeg cemetery has been asked by pauman manners as purusa (status male) successor to the family lineage. Several other areas such as Karangasem, and Denpasar municipality, on the one hand to the general public embrace patriarchal forms of marriage, but in practice there is no doubt there are some villages like Tianyar, and brother in the district of Karangasem who are found to carry out the marriage form matriarki. Associated with inheritance, marriage forms matriarki effect against girls which was originally not as heirs may be heir to the wealth of their parents. , The implication putrika have the same authority as men to inherit wealth and corrected (sanctum family) as befits a man. Model reconstruction marriage policy recommended by researchers to answer the problem in the field is the application of the model policy formulation parental marriage (In Gelahang). Keywords: marriage, matriarki, gender.

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