scholarly journals Differences in Histopathological Picture of Lung Organs in Sprague Dowley White Rats that Die Drowning in Salt Water and Fresh Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-S) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Theza E. A. Pellondo’u.P ◽  
Marliana Nurprilinda ◽  
Yoan Marsindhy Rahayu Atuk
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Water Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject

This study aimed to investigate the differences in the pulmonary histopathology of the drowned victims in salt water and fresh water. By utilizing a post-test only control design, the research used Sprague Dawley lab rat as the main subject of the experiment. The subject would be drowned in two different types of water, which were salt water and fresh water. There were fifteen male rats which divided evenly into three separate groups. The first group was subjected to salt water, and the second group was subjected to fresh water. The last group was a control group. The result from the test was analyzed by comparing the lung tissue histopathological structure of the subject for the salt water group and the fresh water group. On the outcome, there was a significant difference between interalveolar haemorrhage in the lung of a mouse drowned in salt water and submerged in fresh water. In addition, there was over-distension of the alveoli, thinning of the alveolar septal wall in both groups. The result of the experiment showed that there was a significant interalveolar haemorrhage difference in the histopathological structure between the salt water group and the fresh water group. Keywords: pulmonary histopathology, drowning, alveolus, white rat

scholarly journals The Effect of Anti Masquito Electric Gas that Consist Allethrin That Influence The Weight and Colour of Rats Liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nurmawanti Nurmawanti ◽  
Ayly Soekanto
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this research is to know the influence of anti mosquito electric gas that consisted Allethrin to the weight and colour of the rats liver. This research used an experimental method with the post test only  control group design.  The subject of this research is male rats weight of 150 grams each and total there was 24 rats that were divided to 4 groups. The first one, the  control groups (PO) was not given any of the gas, the second one, group 1 (P1) was given the gas for 4 hours everday, the third one, group  2 (P2), was given for 6 hours and last, group 3  (P3) was given 8 hours everyday. After later, on  30 Th day, the rats were terminated and being put in a surgery to remove their liver. This data was analyzed using SPPS for windows version 16. To see the differences in weight between the groups, it was analyzed using anova, and  to obtain the discoloration of the rats liver was analyzed using Kruskal Wallis Test. From the statistic tests, it show that there is significant difference in weight and color of liver in the group that α ≤ 0,05. According Anova Test, it shows that there is a significant difference α = 0,034 and from Kruskal Wallis test α = 0,013. In the conclusion anti mosquito electric gas that consist Allethrin affects the weight and the color of rats liver.

scholarly journals The Effect of Single and Triple Testicular Biopsy Using Biopty Gun on Spermatogenesis in Pubertal Rats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
Ivana Kuzmić Prusac ◽  
Ivan Švagelj ◽  
Anđela Jurišić ◽  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Testicular Biopsy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The aim of this study was to compare consequences in single and triple testicular biopsy by biopty gun in pubertal rats using histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats were used as the experimental model. The rats were randomly divided into three study groups. The rats from the first group (n = 12) received a single-biopsy of upper pole of the left testis, while the rats from the second group (n = 10) received triple-biopsy of upper and lower poles and lateral surface of left testis. The third group (n = 10) was a control group. On the eightieth day after the biopsy in all rats bilateral orchiectomy and funiculectomy were performed to obtain testicular tissue and sperm for analysis. The consequences of the puncture were observed by pathohistology, immunohistochemistry and semen analysis. Results: The results of the study showed lower percentage of sperm count (14.5 mill/mL vs. 16 mill/mL, p = 0.130), sperm motility (24.6% vs. 32.7%, p > 0.05), abnormal sperm (30% vs. 27%, p > 0.05), atrophic tubules (21% vs. 6%, p < 0.001), volume (1.7 mL vs. 2.28 mL, p < 0.01) and apoptotic index (1.56 vs. 1.19, p = 0.650) in the testes with a triple-biopsy compared to the testes with a single-biopsy. Semen analysis showed a borderline significant difference between the group with triple-biopsy where sperm count was lower than it in the control group (14.5 mill/mL vs. 17.5 mill/mL, p = 0.05). A single-biopsy has little effect on the testis, especially on overall fertility. A triple-biopsy showed higher degree of the testicular damage but without a significant impact on overall fertility. Semen analysis showed that single- and triple-biopsies did not have a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology. Conclusion: Biopty gun procedure is a cheap, simple and reliable method for testicular biopsy in rats without a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology.

scholarly journals The Influence of Teaching Vocabulary by Using Picture

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Hanik Nuzulimah
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Data Analysis Result ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Better Than

This paper attempts to explore whether there is significant difference of achievement in vocabulary between students taught by using pictures and those are not. The subject of this study is the first year students of SLTP Muhammadiyah Simo Susukan, Semarang where the sample contains 50 students that is divided into experimental group (with treatment) and control group (without treatment). The data is gathered from participants’ score obtained from pre test and post test. Using t test as technique of data analysis, result shows that students taught by using pictures perform better than those are not. It means that there is significant difference between the two groups. Keywords: Vocabulary Teaching; Picture

scholarly journals Effect of Giving Mahkota Dewa Fruits (Phaleria Macrocarpa) Extract to Epithelialization In Incision Wound of White Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idola Perdana Sulistyoning Suharto
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phaleria Macrocarpa ◽  
Incision Wound

The research purpose was to analysis effect of giving mahkota dewa fruits (Phaleria macrocarpa) extract to epithelialization in incision wound of white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The method was randomized posted-only control group design. There were 30 male rats (Rattus norvegicus) grouped on control and treatment group. Control group divided into three groups (KK1, KK2, KK3) and also treatment group divided into three groups (KP1, KP2, KP3). Control group just given CMC 1% peroral without mahkota dewa fruits extract, the treatment group given mahkota dewa fruits extract 22.5 mg/kg body weight. The data was analyzed by Kruskall Wallis. Based on Kruskall Wallis test, obtained result that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) epithelialization variable with p value p = 0.000 between control and treatment group. And based on One-way Anova test, obtained result that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) with p value p =0.000 between control and treatment group. The conclusion of this research was giving mahkota dewa fruits (Phaleria macrocarpa) extract can increase epithelialization in incision wound of white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Keywords : Mahkota Dewa Fruits (Phaleria Macrocarpa) Extract, Epithelialization, Incision Wound 

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF Centella asiatica LEAF ON SERIAL SERUM BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIN FACTOR (BDNF) CONCENTRATION OF RATS (SPRAGUE DAWLEY) FOLLOWING CHRONIC STRESS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari ◽  
Mawaddah Ar Rochmah
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electrical Stress ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Serum Bdnf

<p>Centella asiatica is considered herbal plant for increasing memory performance. Brain-derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF) has a significant role in memory formation process, while stress causes memory impairment. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts of Centella asiatica leaf on serum BDNF concentration of rats that was taken serially before and after chronic electrical stress. Materials and Methods : Twenty male rats (Sprague Dawley) were divided into four groups: control/aquades group and groups treated with different doses (mg/kg) of Centella asiatica :150 (CA150), 300 (CA300) and 600 (CA600). Each rat underwent memory exercise for nine days before and after electrical stress and oral administration of ethanol extracts of Centella asiatica for twenty-eight days. Blood sampling was taken serially from rats’ tail for four times : (1) before memory exercise, (2) after memory exercise (before stress), (3) after chronic stress, and (4) after memory exercise (following chronic stress). Concentration of serum BDNF was assessed using ELISA. Results: There was no significant difference in serum BDNF concentration between groups in first and second serum sampling, which was prior to chronic stress and administration of different treatments. However, there was significant difference in third and fourth serum sampling between groups. Mean concentration of serum BDNF (ng/ml) in third and fourth sampling for control group, CA150, CA300, and CA600, respectively were 1.88+0.21 &amp;1.93+0.24; 2.29+0.13 &amp; 2.01+0.22; 2.29+0.08 &amp;1.86+0.11; 2.71+0.70 and 2.99+0.27 (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Ethanol extracts of Centella asiatica leaf increases serum BDNF concentration in rats after chronic stress. <br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: stress, memory, Centella asiatica, BDNF</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Self-Regulated Learning on Students’ Academic Achievement in the Subject of English at Secondary Level

sjesr ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-401
Author(s):  
Sadia Rasheed ◽  
Dr. Mumtaz Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject

The study aimed at finding out the effect of students' self-regulated learning on their academic achievement in the subject of English. The study was conducted at the secondary level in the province of Punjab. It was quantitative in nature and employed a true experimental design (pre-test post-test control group). It was significant for teachers, curriculum stakeholders, training bodies, and policymakers. For the study sampling, a simple random sampling technique was used. Students' achievement test was developed for pre-test and post-test. The study sample consisted of sixty students of grade IX and they were divided into two groups; experimental and control. A pre-test was conducted on both groups to measure their current status of academic achievement. After the pre-test, the subject of English was taught to the experimental group by using self-regulated learning strategies while the traditional method (dominantly lecture method) was adopted to teach the control group. A post-test was conducted after an intervention of 16 weeks. The results of the test were compared by using a t-test. For data analysis, SPSS was used and results were interpreted accordingly. The study results revealed a significant difference between the test score results of the students. The study recommended appropriate teachers' training to use self-regulated learning strategies effectively at the secondary level. Textbook contents were also recommended to be devised supportive to gauge self-regulated learning.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF 70% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ORTHOSIPHONIS STAMINEUS BENTH LEAVES ON THE PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS OF FUROSEMIDE IN MALE WHITE RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Riana Maya Oktaviani ◽  
Santi Purna Sari ◽  
Yahdiana Harahap
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
White Rats

Objective: This study aimed to observe the effect of the 70% ethanol extract of Orthosiphonis stamineus Benth leaves on the pharmacokineticparameters of furosemide in white male rats.Methods: 18 Sprague–Dawley male rats were divided into three groups: The normal control group was given only 1% carboxymethyl cellulose,the furosemide group was given 7.2 mg/200 g body weight (BW) suspension of furosemide, and the combination group was given 700 mg/kg BWsuspension of the 70% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus Benth leaves for 4 days followed by a 7.2 mg/200 g BW suspension of furosemide. On the4th day of treatment, we performed orbital sinus blood sampling on the eyes of the rats and analyzed the levels of furosemide in plasma using highperformanceliquid chromatography.Results: Therefore, the results showed that the administration of the 70% ethanol extract of O. stamineus Benth leaves improves the pharmacokineticparameters of furosemide on Cpmax and the area under the curve (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study concludes that the 70% ethanol extract of O. stamineus Benth leaves improves the pharmacokinetic parameters of furosemidein white male rats.

scholarly journals The False Memory and the Effect of Murottal Al-Qur’an

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zulmi Ramdani ◽  
Ujam Jaenudin ◽  
Nani Nuranisah Djamal ◽  
Ari Anggara ◽  
Faridah Pertiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aims to see the effect of giving the Murottal Al-Qur'an to the decrease subject’s level of false memory. Experimental design with post-test only control group design was used in this study. Participants involved in the study were 60 psychology students in the first semester by using random sampling. Participants grouped into an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 30 participants. The instrument used was a false memory question comprising of 30 questions been validated by expert judgment at the trial stage. The instrument validation was carried out qualitatively by three lecturers with psychological and measurement backgrounds. Validation results show that there are language and content improvements in the instruments used, and then the authors correct them so that all experts agree that the instrument is suitable for use. Meanwhile, the results of the study show that there is a significant difference between the two groups given treatment and not, where from the score obtained, the experimental group obtained a greater score on filling in the false memory test than the control group. These studies inform that giving Murottal Al-Qur'an can reduce the level of false memory in the subject.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Berkumur dengan Larutan Teh Rosella dalam Menghambat Plak Gigi Serta Mempercepat Penyembuhan Gingivitis Pasca Scaling

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Nasri Nasri ◽  
Herry Imran
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Test Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test

Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is an ornamental plant flower petals were thick belonging to the hibiscus family or Malvaceae. Rosella flower contains polyphenols which are useful as an antibacterial. Polyphenols appear to function as an antibacterial in a way denature bacterial cell proteins. Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gingiva caused by microorganisms attached to the tooth surface. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of rinsing with roselle tea to speed healing of gingivitis pas casketing. The analytical method used is paired samples t-test for comparative analysis of pre-test and post-test in each test group and independent sample t-test for comparative analysis of treatment group and the control group with a total sample of 120 people. Gargling with tea treatment group and the control group rosella gargle with salt water. Rinsing is done in the morning and evening for five days. The research instrument used was Loe gingival index and Silliness 1963. The results showed that a decline in gingival inflammation plaque score well in the treatment group or the control group. There is a significant difference between the treatment group and control group (p <0.05). It can be concluded that gargling with tea rosella more effectively inhibit the formation of plaque and gingivitis accelerate the healing of post-scaling.Keywords:   Gingivitis, a plaque, the RosellaBunga   rosella   (Hibiscus   sabdariffa   L.)   merupakan   tanaman   hias berkelopak bunga tebal yang tergolong pada keluarga kembang sepatu atau Malviceae. Bunga rosella mengandung polifenol yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Polifenol  berfungsi  sebagai antibakteri dengan  cara mendenaturasi protein   sel   bakteri.   Gingivitis   merupakan   peradangan pada gingiva yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme yang melekat pada permukaan gigi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh berkumur dengan teh rosella terhadap kecepatan penyembuhan gingivitis pascaskeling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah uji paired sample t-test untuk analisis perbandingan pre test dan post test pada masing-masing kelompok dan uji independent sample t-test untuk analisis perbandingan kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 orang. Kelompok perlakuan berkumur dengan teh rosella dan kelompok kontrol berkumur dengan air garam. Berkumur dilakukan pada pagi dan malam hari selama lima hari. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah indeks gingiva Loe dan Sillness 1963. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan  peradangan gingiva skor plak baik pada kelompok perlakuan maupun kelompok kontrol. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol (p < 0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa berkumur dengan teh rosella lebih efektif menghambat pembentukan plak dan mempercepat penyembuhan gingivitis pasca scaling.Kata kunci: Gingivitas, plak, rosella

scholarly journals Morphology and disaccharidase activity of small intes- tinal mucosa in post-weaning-induced malnourished rats and after realimentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Rustadi Sosrosumihardjo ◽  
Agus Firmansyah ◽  
Asri Rasad ◽  
Daldiyono Harjodisastro ◽  
Endi Ridwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Disaccharidase Activity ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Post Test

Background The most common cause of failure to thrive in in-fants is malnutrition which causes histological and biochemicalchanges of small intestine. Studies on histology and enzyme ac-tivity of small intestinal mucosa were not much developed.Objective To study about histology and disaccharidases activity ofsmall intestinal mucosa in post-weaning-induced malnourished rats.Methods We used Sprague-Dawley white rats as the subjects ofthis study with post test-control group design. The study was per-formed at the CentER for Research of Food and Nutrition Devel-opment from April 2003 to December 2004.Results There were a decrease of body weight (hypotrophy nor-moblastic) and an increase of disaccharidase activity of small in-testinal mucosa in post-weaning-induced malnourished rats. Afterrealimentation, there were an increase of body weight, an improve-ment of the hypotrophy, and a decrease of the enzyme but theystill cannot reach normal condition.Conclusion In malnourished rats, there are decrease of bodyweight hypotrophy normoblastic and increase of disaccharidasesactivity of intestinal mucosa that are improved after realimentation

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