scholarly journals Handlers’ Expectations and Perceived Compatibility Regarding the Partnership with Their First Guide Dogs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2765
Author(s):  
Janice Lloyd ◽  
Claire Budge ◽  
Kevin Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Good Match ◽  
Guide Dogs ◽  
Mobility Aid ◽  
The Many ◽  
Social Facilitators ◽  
The Relationship

The main function of a guide dog is as a mobility aid, but they can also fulfill psychosocial roles as companions, social facilitators, and objects/providers of affection. This study examined the outcome of 50 peoples’ (handlers) partnerships with their first guide dog. Overall compatibility and the fulfilment of the handlers’ expectations regarding mobility and social factors related to guide dog usage were measured, and relationships between putative risk factors and the outcome of matching success were identified. The findings demonstrate that the dogs are generally exceeding expectations. The high average ratings of compatibility were notable, particularly with respect to the emotional compatibility between handler and dog. Comparing responses of those who felt the handler-dog pairing was a good match with those who felt it was a mismatch revealed it was the working aspects of the relationship that differentiated the two groups. However, the many aspects of life with a guide dog, beyond the complexities of the working relationship, suggest that a more nuanced compatibility measure accommodating both positive and negative aspects of the relationship could assist with matching, training and follow up of the handler-dog team to maximize success.

Impact of the Bag Exchange Procedure on Risk of Peritonitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Dong ◽  
Yuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveWe studied whether improper bag exchange predicts the first peritonitis episode in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.Patients and MethodsOur single-center prospective observational study of 130 incident urban CAPD patients who started peritoneal dialysis (PD) between March 2005 and August 2008 aimed to determine the relationship between bag exchange procedures examined at the 6th month of PD and risk for a first peritonitis episode. All patients were followed until a first peritonitis episode, censoring, or the end of the study.ResultsThese 130 patients experienced 22 first peritonitis episodes during the 14-month follow-up. During bag exchange evaluation, 51.5% of patients washed their hands improperly, 46.2% failed to check expiration date or bag leakage, and 11.5% forgot to wear a face mask and cap. Patients experiencing peritonitis were more likely to forget to wear a face mask and cap. In multivariate Cox regression model, not wearing a face mask and cap [hazard ratio (HR): 7.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.6 to 20.1; p < 0.001] and having anemia (HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94 to 0.99; p = 0.005) were independent risk factors for a first episode of peritonitis.ConclusionsNot wearing a face mask and cap and having anemia were independent risk factors for peritonitis. A further randomized control study needs to verify the correlation between improper bag exchange technique and peritonitis in PD patients.

scholarly journals Circulating Proangiogenic Cell Activity Is Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1163-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kreton Mavromatis ◽  
Konstantinos Aznaouridis ◽  
Ibhar Al Mheid ◽  
Emir Veledar ◽  
Saurabh Dhawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Vascular injury mobilizes bone marrow–derived proangiogenic cells into the circulation, where these cells can facilitate vascular repair and new vessel formation. We sought to determine the relationship between a new biomarker of circulating bone marrow–derived proangiogenic cell activity, the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors, and clinical outcomes. Circulating proangiogenic cell activity was estimated using a reproducible angiogenic colony-forming unit (CFU-A) assay in 532 clinically stable subjects aged 20 to 90 years and ranging in the CVD risk spectrum from those who are healthy without risk factors to those with active CVD. CFU-A counts increased with the burden of CVD risk factors ( p < 0.001). CFU-A counts were higher in subjects with symptomatic CVD than in those without ( p < 0.001). During follow-up of 232 subjects with CVD, CFU-A counts were higher in those with death, myocardial infarction, or stroke than in those without (110 [70–173] vs 84 [51–136], p = 0.01). Therefore, we conclude that circulating proangiogenic cell activity, as estimated by CFU-A counts, increases with CVD risk factor burden and in the presence of established CVD. Furthermore, higher circulating proangiogenic cell activity is associated with worse clinical outcome in those with CVD.

Serum procalcitonin levels predict disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with sepsis shock: A retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Fu ◽  
Xi-si He ◽  
Hao-li Li ◽  
Hai-chao Zhan ◽  
Jun-fu Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

Abstract Background Complication of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a determinant of the prognosis in patients with sepsis shock. Procalcitonin (PCT) has been advocated as a marker of bacterial sepsis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum PCT levels and DIC with sepsis shock Methods A cohort study was designed which included patients that admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018 and the follow-up to discharge. 164 septic shock patients were divided into DIC and non-DIC groups according to international society of thrombosis and homeostasis (ISTH). PCT was measured at the admission to ICU, and all the participants received routine biochemical coagulation test subsequently. Results PCT levels were considerably higher in septic shock patients who developed DIC than those who did not (54.6[13.6–200]vs12.6[2.4–53.3]ng/ml), respectively, P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression model revealed that PCT level was significantly associated with risk of DIC independent of conventional risk factors. In addition, curve fitting showed a linear relationship between PCT and DIC score. The Receiver Operating characteristic(ROC) curve suggested that the optimal cut-off point for PCT to predicting DIC induced by septic shock was 42.0 ng/ml, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.701(95% CI [0.619–0.784], P < 0.001). More importantly, incorporating PCT with other risk factors into the prediction model significantly increased the AUC for prediction of DIC induced by sepsis shock (0.801vs 0.706; P = 0.012). Conclusions Our study suggests that PCT levels on admission is significantly and independently associated with DIC development subsequently with septic shock, combining PCT levels with other risk factors could significantly improve the prediction of DIC induced by sepsis shock.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Anxiety and Incident Agitation in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 1119-1127
Author(s):  
Kathy Y. Liu ◽  
Harry Costello ◽  
Suzanne Reeves ◽  
Robert Howard ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptom ◽  
Positive Linear Relationship ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Agitation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been hypothesized to be an expression of anxiety, but whether anxiety early in the course of dementia could be a risk factor for developing later agitation is unknown. Objective: We used the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database to examine the longitudinal relationship between anxiety and incident agitation in individuals with a diagnosis of AD at baseline or during follow-up. Methods: Longitudinal neuropsychiatric symptom data from AD individuals who were agitation-free at study baseline (N = 272) were analyzed using mixed effects regression models to test the longitudinal relationship between baseline and incident anxiety with incident agitation. Results: Anxiety at baseline was not associated with subsequent agitation, but there was a positive linear relationship between incident anxiety and agitation over the study duration. Baseline apathy and delusions were consistently associated with subsequent agitation and greater disease severity and illness duration also appeared to be risk factors for agitation. Conclusion: Our findings support the concept that anxiety and agitation are likely to be distinct rather than equivalent constructs in mild-moderate AD. Future longitudinal cohort studies are needed to replicate these findings and further characterize potential risk factors for agitation, such as apathy and delusions.

scholarly journals Psychosocial, Socioeconomic, Behavioral, and Environmental Risk Factors for BMI and Overweight Among 9-to-11-Year Old Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (SI) ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Angie J. Keihner ◽  
Patrick R. Mitchell ◽  
Carolyn Kitzmann ◽  
Sharon Sugerman ◽  
Susan Foerster
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
School Lunch ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
School Lunches ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Relationship

This study explored the risk factors for higher BMI and overweight in 9- to 11-year-old children using the 2007 California Children’s Healthy Eating and Exercise Practices Survey. A total of 741 children completed a two-day food and activity diary. Of these, 299 children participated in the follow-up telephone interview, reporting attitudes and beliefs. Linear regressions identified risk factors related to BMI z-scores; logistic regressions were used for binomial overweight status. Independent variables included children’s diet, activity, screen time, food modeling, family norms/rules, home environment, poverty, and parent education, adjusting for race/ethnicity. Parent education was the strongest risk factor with a clear gradient towards reduced risk as parent education improved. Children were .3 BMI z points lower and one-third less likely to be overweight as education level rose. Each serving of fried vegetables consumed was related to .3 point increase in BMI z. Children were 1.2-1.3 times more likely to be overweight with each increase in school lunch participation. Low-cost overweight prevention efforts targeting children with less parent education, school lunches, and consumption of fried vegetables may reduce BMI and help prevent childhood overweight. Additional investigation should determine the underlying factors contributing to the relationship between eating school lunch and overweight.

OS 04-08 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILDHOOD RISK FACTORS AND LONG-TERM ARTERIAL STIFFNESS — A 26-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. e57
Author(s):  
Jianjun Mu ◽  
Chao Chu ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Tongshuai Guo ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Childhood Risk Factors ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILDHOOD NEGLECT AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN THE CAMBRIDGE STUDY IN DELINQUENT DEVELOPMENT

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila Kazemian ◽  
Cathy Spatz Widom ◽  
David P. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Neglect ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Relationship

<p>The relationship between childhood neglect and later life outcomes is an understudied topic. This study employs data from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, a longitudinal follow-up of 411 working-class males in London, to examine (a) the profiles of the boys who were neglected in childhood and (b) the relationship between childhood neglect and juvenile delinquency, controlling for other risk factors. Findings reveal that boys who were neglected in childhood were characterized by other adverse events in childhood. Childhood neglect predicted both self-reported and official offending in adolescence, although these effects eventually dissipated with the introduction of other measures of childhood risk. The odds ratios are particularly large for official offending, with the odds of juvenile conviction being over four times higher for individuals who were exposed to neglect in childhood when compared to those who were not. Neglect and other adverse childhood characteristics were more predictive of official offending than self-reported offending, suggesting potential stigmatization effects. Implications of these findings as well as priority areas for future research are discussed.</p>

scholarly journals Expression of miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p and miR-122-5p as Possible Risk Factors of Secondary Cardiovascular Events

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Rafał Badacz ◽  
Paweł Kleczyński ◽  
Jacek Legutko ◽  
Krzysztof Żmudka ◽  
Jacek Gacoń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Ischemic Event ◽  
Database Research ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Cox Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Ischemic event in one arterial territory increases the risk of a subsequent ischemic event. Circulating microRNAs (miRs) emerge as a potential clinical tool to assess risk of subsequent atherothrombotic events such as cardiovascular death (CVD), myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS). In this prospective study, we searched for athero-specific miRs related to cardiovascular event risk in patients with symptomatic coronary, carotid lesion, or both territories involvements. The choice of particular miRs was based on database research (Pub-Med, Bethesda, MD, USA) taking into consideration the relationship with development of atherosclerosis and potential prognostic value. Levels of circulating miRs (miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-34a-5p, mir-122-5p, miR-124-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-133b, miR-134-5p, miR-208b-3p, miR-375 and miR-499-5p) were compared in 142 patients with an acute ischemic event resulting from carotid and/or coronary artery stenosis, who underwent revascularization for symptomatic lesion. A 6-year prospective evaluation of CVD/MI/IS risk was performed. Patients with two-territory as compared to single-territory involvement differed in levels of miR-1-3p (p = 0.016), miR-16-5p (p < 0.001), miR-34a-5p (p = 0.018), miR-122-5p (p = 0.007), miR-124-3p (p < 0.001) and miR-499-5p (p < 0.001). During follow-up, 62 (43.7%) episodes of CVD/MI/IS occurred. In multivariate Cox analysis, miR-122-5p (HR = 1.0006, 95%CI = 1.0001–1.0011) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) (HR = 2.16, 95%CI = 1.26–3.70) were associated with CVD/MI/IS risk; miR-1-3p (HR = 2.73, 95%CI = 1.22–6.12) and PAD (HR = 3.47, 95%CI = 1.88–6.41) with CVD; miR-122-5p (HR = 1.0001, 95%CI = 1.000–1.0002) and creatinine level (HR = 1.02, 95%CI = 1.01–1.04) with IS, and miR-16-5p (HR = 1.0004, 95%CI = 1.0001–1.0008) with MI. Expression of miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p and miR-122-5p during incident ischemia may be possible risk factors of secondary cardiovascular event(s).

Examining Association Between Reported High Cholesterol and Risk Factors in Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD): A Five-Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Sumithra Murthy ◽  
Kelly Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at a greater risk of developing high cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. We examined whether physical inactivity, obesity, and diabetes were predictive of reported high cholesterol and whether there were any mediating effects of diabetes on the relationship between obesity and high cholesterol in 1,618 adults with IDD across five years. Results suggest that obesity and diabetes were significantly associated with high cholesterol after adjusting for age, sex, and residence type with a partial mediator effect of diabetes in the relationship between obesity and high cholesterol across all time points. Further research is needed to explore the causal mechanisms behind the relationships between obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol.

scholarly journals The Reflections of Covid-19 pandemic: Turkey's results during the first month of the pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Suna Eraybar ◽  
Huseyin AYGUN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Emergency Service ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective:  This study aims to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological findings of patients with suspected COVID-19 admitted to the emergency service of a 3rd step training and research hospital. Material and Methods: Patients older than 18 years of age, suspected COVID-19 disease and received diagnostic combined nasal and oropharyngeal swab between April 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic, laboratory, radiological findings and PCR results of the patients were recorded. In addition, the patients' home isolation, hospitalization, intensive care follow-up requirements and 28-day mortality were analyzed. Results: Total 3020 patients were included in the study, and the mean age of the patients was found to be 41 ± 16.22. 55.4% (n = 1673) of the patients were female and 83.0% (n = 2508) of them were found to have negative PCR results. Mortality occurred in 3.5% of the patients (n = 107) within 28 days. The relationship between the PCR results, pneumonia status and type of hospitalization and 28-day mortality results were compared, and a statistically significant relationship was found. [(p<0.001), (p<0.001), (p<0.001)]. Conclusion: In line with these data obtained at the beginning of the pandemic, positive PCR results, presence of pneumonia and the history of intensive care unit hospitalization are risk factors for mortality

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