scholarly journals Potential of Grape Extract in Comparison with Therapeutic Dosage of Antibiotics in Weaning Piglets: Effects on Performance, Digestibility and Microbial Metabolites of the Ileum and Colon

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2771
Author(s):  
Emina Rajković ◽  
Christiane Schwarz ◽  
David Tischler ◽  
Karl Schedle ◽  
Nicole Reisinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Therapeutic Dosage ◽  
Grape Extract ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Enteric Diseases ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Weaning Piglets ◽  
Daily Gain

Enteric diseases in piglets, such as post-weaning diarrhea (PWD), often require antibiotic treatment of the entire litter. Grape polyphenols may help overcome PWD and thereby reduce the need for antibiotics. The potential of a grape extract (GE; continuous in-feed supplementation) on performance of weaning piglets, compared with both negative (NC; corn-based diet) and positive control (PC; NC + in-feed antibiotic (amoxicillin) in a therapeutic dosage for day 1–day 5 post weaning) was assessed. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and microbial metabolites were also evaluated on two sampling points (day 27/28 and day 55/56). We assigned 180 weaning piglets (6.9 ± 0.1 kg body weight (BW)) to 6 male and 6 female pens per treatment with 5 piglets each. Animals from PC showed higher BW on day 13 compared with NC and GE, and a tendency for higher BW on day 56 (p = 0.080) compared to NC. Furthermore, PC increased the average daily feed intake in the starter phase (day 1–day 13), and the average daily gain in the early grower phase (day 14–day 24). Overall, GE improved the ATTD at the same level as PC (ash, acid-hydrolyzed ether extract), or at a higher level than PC (dry matter, organic matter, gross energy, crude protein, P). There were no effects on microbial metabolites apart from minor trends for lactic acid and ammonia. Dietary inclusion of GE may have beneficial effects compared to therapeutic antibiotics, as frequently used at weaning.

scholarly journals Effect of fat levels in early phase on growthperformance and meat characteristics in twin lambs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Li ◽  
Hui Tao ◽  
Tao Ma ◽  
Naifeng Zhang ◽  
Kaidong Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Slaughter Performance ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment aims to study the effects of dietary fat level during the suckling period on growth<br />performance and meat characteristics in twin lambs. Thirty pairs of male twin Hu lambs were divided into two<br />groups, namely high fat (HF) and normal fat (NF). Lambs in HF group were fed milk replacer and starter containing<br />26.89% and 5.07% of fat, whereas those in NF group, were fed milk replacer and starter containing 15.15% and<br />2.80% of fat, respectively, from eight to 60 days of age. From 60 to 120 days of age, all lambs were fed a starter feed<br />containing 2.80% fat. The results showed that lambs fed HF diet had higher body weight (12.78 kg versus 11.63 kg,<br />P = 0.020), average daily gain (162.4 g/day versus 141.1 g/day, P = 0.019), apparent digestibility of organic matter<br />(P = 0.018) and gross energy (P &lt; 0.001). No difference was observed between HF and NF group in slaughter performance<br />during eight to 60 days of age. Lambs fed HF diet had higher body weight at 120 days of age (P = 0.035).<br />However, no difference was observed in nutrient digestibility, slaughter performance or meat quality at 120 days<br />of age. In summary, HF diet in the suckling period showed long-lasting beneficial effects on the growth performance

scholarly journals Nucleotide Supplementation to Whole Milk Has Beneficial Effects on Post-Weaning Holstein Calf Performance

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Yousef Abbaslou ◽  
Davood Zahmatkesh ◽  
Ehsan Mahjoubi ◽  
Mehdi Hossein Yazdi ◽  
Hamed Beiranvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Fecal Score

The positive effects of nucleotide (NU) supplementation in milk replacer have been elucidated in infants and in dairy calves; however, NU addition to whole milk has not been evaluated previously. This study aimed to assess NU supplementation in the whole milk on calf growth and health. Thirty Holstein calves (body weight: 39.1 ± 1.0 kg; 3 d after birth) were randomly assigned to the following treatments: whole milk without any supplementation (NU0), whole milk + 0.5 g/d added a NU-containing supplement to whole milk (NUCS0.5), and whole milk + 1 g/d added a NU-containing supplement to whole milk (NUCS1). Calves were weaned at d 55 and stayed on study until d 75. Calves had free access to feed and water throughout the study. Dry matter intakes (DMI) were similar among treatments (p > 0.05) during the pre-weaning period; however, increasing NU resulted in a linear (p < 0.05) increase in DMI during the post weaning period (2158, 2432, and 2518 g/d for NU0, NUCS0.5, and NUCS1, respectively). Treatments did not affect body weight (BW) at the first and second month of study, but final BW linearly increased as NU was added (87.1, 90.6, and 95.4 kg for NU0, NUCS0.5, and NUCS1, respectively). Neither pre-weaning average daily gain nor post-weaning average daily gain was affected by treatments; accordingly, feed efficiency was similar among treatment groups. Days with loose fecal score were linearly decreased as NU was added to whole milk during the first month of life, while the fecal score did not differ among treatments until the end of the study. No difference was observed in the skeletal growth of calves in the current study. Therefore, it can be concluded that NU supplementation in the whole milk has some beneficial effects on calf performance in terms of final BW, post-weaning DMI, and less days with loose feces.

Feeding frequency and its effect on feedlot performance in steers

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
D. F. Engstrom ◽  
D. R. ZoBell
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Daily Gain

One hundred and twenty commercial feedlot steers were penned and randomly allocated to three treatments: fed once, twice and three times per day, over a grower through finisher period of 196 d. Feeding frequency had no effect (P > 0.05) on average daily gain, feed intake or efficiency overall. We conclude that there are no beneficial effects in feeding a total mixed diet more frequently to feedlot steers. Key words: Feeding, frequency, gain, steers, feed efficiency

scholarly journals Effects of Increasing Doses of Lactobacillus Pre-Fermented Rapeseed Product with or without Inclusion of Macroalgae Product on Weaner Piglet Performance and Intestinal Development

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 559
Author(s):  
Gizaw Dabessa Satessa ◽  
Paulina Tamez-Hidalgo ◽  
Søren Kjærulff ◽  
Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez ◽  
Rajan Dhakal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Intestinal Development ◽  
Gut Development ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Daily Gain

This study evaluated the effects of increasing doses of pre-fermented rapeseed meal (FRM) without or with inclusion of the brown macroalgae Ascophyllum nodosum (AN) on weaner piglets’ performance and gut development. Ten days pre-weaning, standardized litters were randomly assigned to one of nine isoenergetic and isoproteic diets comprising (on DM basis): no supplement (negative control, NC), 2500 ppm ZnO (positive control, PC), 8, 10, 12, 15 or 25% FRM, and 10% FRM plus 0.6 or 1.0% AN. Fifty piglets receiving the same pre-weaning diets were weaned at 28 days of age and transferred to one pen, where they continued on the pre-weaning diet until day 92. At 41 days, six piglets per treatment were sacrificed for blood and intestinal samplings. The average daily gain was at least sustained at any dose of FRM (increased at 8% FRM, 28–41 days) from 18–41 days similar to PC but unaffected by inclusion of AN. The percentage of piglets that completed the experiment was increased by FRM compared to NC, despite detection of diarrhea symptoms. FRM showed quadratic dose-response effects on colon and mid-jejunum crypts depth, and enterocyte and mid-jejunum villus heights with optimum development at 8% or 10% FRM, respectively, but this was abolished when AN was also added. In conclusion, FRM sustained piglet growth performance and intestinal development similar to ZnO with an optimum inclusion level of 8–10% of dietary DM.

scholarly journals The effects of Bacillus spp. use as a dietary probiotic in weaning piglets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Dumitru ◽  
Mihaela Hăbeanu ◽  
Ionuț Sorescu ◽  
Cristina Tabuc
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Weaning Piglets ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation with Bacillus-based probiotic (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051a, 1.6x109CFU/ml) on the performance of weaned piglets. Methods: A total of 60 piglets, 30 days±3 days of age, with an initial body weight (BW) of 8.41±0.92 kg were allotted randomly to 3 homogeneous groups (C, E1 and E2, 6 pens/10 piglets, 2 replicates/group) with a supplement of additive (Bs) based on 1% (E1), respectively 3% (E2)/kg feed. The feed was administered ad libitum in the flour form, 2 meals/day. Microbiological analysis and chemical composition of compound feed, the growth performances and diarrhoea incidence were assayed as well. Results: The addition of Bs didn’t influence significantly the BW or average daily gain (ADG). After 16 testing days, ADG was 1.13 times higher in E1 compared with C and with 1.04 times higher compared with E2. The feed intake (ADFI) increased with 1.08-fold in C diet compared with E1 diet. Feed efficiency diet was 1.22 times higher in E1 than C and with 1.05 higher than E2 diet. Conclusions: Addition of Bs-1% decreased diarrhoea incidence (P>0.05) by 7.6% vs. C and 3.8% vs. Bs-3%. 23.4% piglets had soft faeces, 43.75% score 2 (mild diarrhoea) and 32.81% score 3 (severe diarrhoea), no significant difference was noticed between the group (P˂0.05).

Effect of probiotic containing Lactobacillus plantarum on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbiota in weaning pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Y. Yang ◽  
J.H. Park ◽  
I.H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain

A total of 150 weaning pigs (7.53 ± 1.23 kg) were randomly assigned to three treatments consisting of basal diet, and the basal diet supplemented with 300 and 600 mg kg−1 of probiotics, respectively, in a 42 d trial. The incremental levels of probiotics linearly increased average daily gain during week 1 and through the overall experimental period (P < 0.05). The average daily feed intake, body weight, and the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and gross energy also increased (P < 0.05) with the increased level of probiotics. A significant reduction in Escherichia coli counts (P = 0.0037) and increase (P = 0.0016) in Lactobacillus counts were observed on day 42.

COMPARISON BETWEEN RATIONS OF DIFFERENT PROTEIN: ENERGY RATIO FOR LAMBS WEANED AT THREE OR AT FIFTEEN DAYS OF AGE

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Brisson ◽  
J. P. Lemay
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Ratio ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Milk Substitutes ◽  
Daily Gain

Sixty-four lambs, 32 weaned at 3 to 5 days of age and 32 at 15 days of age, were fed milk substitutes up to a liveweight of 25 kg. Half of each group received a ration with a protein:calorie ratio of 38.9 (ration A) and the other half a ration with a ratio of 34.5 (ration B). The gross energy of ration A was 4.7 kcal/g and that of ration B, 5.3 kcal/g. Average daily gain to 8 weeks of age was 238 and 253 g for the lambs fed rations A and B, respectively. Feed consumption was slightly higher for the lambs fed ration A. Dressing-out percentage was 52 for the lambs fed ration A and 56 for those fed ration B. The lambs weaned at 15 days had higher dressing-out percentages (P < 0.05). The percentage of carcasses which graded A was 33% for ration B and only 15% for ration A.

Influence of Isoamylase Supplementation on Performance and α-Amylase Activities of Broilers Fed Maize-Soybean Meal Diets

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Ling Yun Liu ◽  
De Fa Sun ◽  
Jun Jun Li ◽  
Xiang Hua Tang ◽  
Yue Lin Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted to study the influence of isoamylase supplementation to maize-soybean diets on productive performance and amylase activities of broilers from 1 to 42 d of age.The results showed that different dose of isoamylase（300g/T,600 g/T,900 g/T, containing 3000IU of isoamylase/g）in the maize - soybean meal diet significantly affected the performance of broilers within 1-42 days. Within 1-21 days , the average daily gain(ADG) of experimental groups( experiment I (E I) experiment II (E II) experiment III (E III) ) improved by 3.2% -10.32%(P>0.05) compared with the control groups(negative control(NC) and positive control(PC)), average daily feed intake(ADFI) improved by 0.63%-7.43%(P>0.05), while feed conversion ratio decreased by 0.55%-4.43%(P>0.05); Within 21-42 days , the ADG of experimental groups decreased by 1.38%-4.84% and ADFI by 11.89%-15.58% (P<0.05), feed conversion ratio by 5.41%-7.54% compared with that in the NC group; Within 1-42 days , the ADG of experimental groups improved by 0.54%-4.06%(P>0.05), while ADFI decreased by 0.75%-11.83% (P<0.05), and feed conversion ratio by 3.97%-7.52% (P>0.05) compared with those in the negative control. Isoamylase supplementation influenced amylase activity of various parts of the chyme in digestive tract and the tissues of small intestine and pancreas. 21 d, the amylase activity in experimental groups improved by 4.67%-79.29%(P<0.05) compared with PC, α-amylase activity in the majority experimental groups were lower than PC group, but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).

EVALUATION OF HIGH FAT OATS IN RATIONS OF GROWING AND FINISHING RUMINANTS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. DEVLIN ◽  
J. R. INGALLS ◽  
H. R. SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Growth and digestion trials were conducted to evaluate high fat oats (HFO) with Holstein calves, beef calves, yearling steers and wether sheep. In trial 1, 20 Holstein calves were fed calf starter diets containing either 90.2% HFO or regular oats (RO). Daily feed intake (3.31 vs. 3.23 kg), average daily gain (0.88 vs. 0.81 kg) and feed/gain ratios (3.80 vs. 4.03) were not different (P > 0.05) for the HFO- and RO-fed calves. Apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and gross energy (GE) were similar (P > 0.05) for the two treatments; however, digestion coefficient of ether extract (EE) was higher (P < 0.10) for the HFO diet compared to RO diet. In trial 2, 72 beef calves were self-fed diets containing 50% ground barley straw with six treatment grain mixtures (barley, HFO, RO, wheat, barley + faba beans, and RO + 3.6% tallow). Daily feed consumption and feed/gain were not different (P > 0.05) among the six treatments. However, animals receiving barley and 15% faba bean diet gained significantly (P < 0.05) less than the other treatments. In trial 3, 72 finishing steers were assigned to dietary treatments involving barley, RO, HFO, tallow and Ralgro implant. Feed consumption, average daily gain and feed efficiency ratios were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. Addition of tallow to a RO diet fed to wether sheep (trial 4) decreased (P < 0.05) apparent digestibilities of DM and GE but HFO were similar (P > 0.05) in digestibility to RO.

The interaction between cereal type and lactose level on piglet performance and diet digestibility post weaning

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. O'Connell ◽  
J. J. Callan ◽  
J. V. O'Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

AbstractBoth barley and wheat contain anti-nutritive factors such as glucans and xylans respectively. However, β-glucans have been shown to promote lactic acid bacteria in the large intestine and this would be very beneficial in the absence of in-diet antimicrobial growth promoter. A 2 × 2 factorial was used to investigate the interaction between cereal type (wheatv. barley) and lactose inclusion (170v. 275 g/kg) on piglet performance post weaning. Two hundred and sixteen weaned piglets (24 days of age, 6·0 kg weight) were blocked on the basis of weight and were assigned to one of four dietary treatments. The treatments were as follows (T1) 170 g/kg lactose and wheat, (T2) 275 g/kg lactose and wheat, (T3) 170 g/kg lactose, wheat and 200 g/kg barley and (T4) 275 g/kg lactose, wheat and 200 g/kg barley. The diets were formulated to have identical concentrations of digestible energy (16 MJ/kg) and total lysine (16 g/kg). The pigs were offered the diets ad libitum for 33 days post weaning. There was a significant interaction (P< 0·05) between cereal source and lactose level in average daily gain (ADG). In wheat-based diets the inclusion of 275 gkg lactose resulted in a significant improvement in ADG, compared with the 170 g/kg lactose inclusion. However, in barley-based diets the inclusion of 275 g/kg lactose significantly (P< 0·05) reduced ADG. There was no significant effect of cereal type or lactose level on food intake or food conversion ratio (FCR). The inclusion of 275 g/kg lactose significantly reduced nitrogen digestibility (P< 0·01). In barley-based diets, the high level of lactose inclusion depressed digestibilities of dry matter (P< 0·01), organic matter (P< 0·05) and gross energy (P< 0·05) compared with low lactose inclusion. However, in wheat-based diets, lactose level had no significant effect. In conclusion, improvements in performance were achieved up to 275 g/kg lactose in wheat-based diets. However, in barley-based diets a dietary lactose level of 170 g/kg was adequate.

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