scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Dietary Redox Levels on Antioxidative Status and Immunity of the Suckling Off-Spring

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Charlotte Lauridsen ◽  
Anna Amanda Schönherz ◽  
Søren Højsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
High Treatment

This study investigates two levels of dietary selenium (Se) and vitamin E in combination on their status in sows and their progeny, and influence on antioxidant status and immunological responses of the piglets at weaning. Female pigs (n = 6) were provided LOW or HIGH antioxidant nutrition (Se and vitamin E) from mating until weaning of their off-spring. The HIGH treatment elevated the concentration of Se (p = 0.015) and α-tocopherol (p = 0.023) in plasma of piglets compared with piglets of the LOW treatment. Treatments also affected the concentrations of milk and sow plasma immunoglobulins. Piglets from sows on the HIGH treatment had increased (p < 0.001) activity of glutathione peroxidase, lower serum levels of C-reactive protein (p = 0.005), haptoglobin (p = 0.05) and albumin (p = 0.05), and the number of white blood cells (p = 0.023) and the ratio of NEU to LYM was lower (p = 0.025) than in piglets from sows on the LOW group. Furthermore, the dietary antioxidant level influenced responses of cytokines (interleukine (IL) 6 (p = 0.007), 12 (p = 0.01) and 18 (p = 0.01)) in piglets’ plasma. In conclusion, improved antioxidant status via dietary maternal provision improves the robustness of the offspring via immunomodulatory mechanisms.

scholarly journals Fat-soluble vitamins A and E and health disparities in a cohort of pregnant women at delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrine Hanson ◽  
Marina Verdi Schumacher ◽  
Elizabeth Lyden ◽  
Dejun Su ◽  
Jeremy Furtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Food Desert ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Lower Serum

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate intakes and serum levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, and related compounds in a cohort of maternal–infant pairs in the Midwestern USA in relation to measures of health disparities. Concentrations of carotenoids and tocopherols in maternal serum were measured using HPLC and measures of socio-economic status, including food security and food desert residence, were obtained in 180 mothers upon admission to a Midwestern Academic Medical Center labour and delivery unit. The Kruskal–Wallis and independent-samples t tests were used to compare measures between groups; logistic regression models were used to adjust for relevant confounders. P < 0·05 was considered statistically significant. The odds of vitamin A insufficiency/deficiency were 2·17 times higher for non-whites when compared with whites (95 % CI 1·16, 4·05; P = 0·01) after adjustment for relevant confounders. Similarly, the odds of being vitamin E deficient were 3·52 times higher for non-whites (95 % CI 1·51, 8·10; P = 0·003). Those with public health insurance had lower serum lutein concentrations compared with those with private health insurance (P = 0·05), and living in a food desert was associated with lower serum concentrations of β-carotene (P = 0·02), after adjustment for confounders. Subjects with low/marginal food security had higher serum levels of lutein and β-cryptoxanthin compared with those with high food security (P = 0·004 and 0·02 for lutein and β-cryptoxanthin). Diet quality may be a public health concern in economically disadvantaged populations of industrialised societies leading to nutritional disadvantages as well.

scholarly journals Follow-up study on serum cholesterol profiles in recovered COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Tan ◽  
Guiling Li ◽  
Li Du ◽  
Xiuqi Wei ◽  
Xiaoling Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Laboratory Values ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Abstract Background: COVID-19 patients develop hypolipidemia. However, it is unknown whether lipid levels have improved in recovered patients.Objective: In this follow-up study, we evaluated serum lipidemia and other physiopathological laboratory values in recovered patients.Methods: A 3–6 month follow-up study was performed between June 15 and September 3, 2020, to examine serum levels of laboratory values in 107 discharged COVID-19 patients (mild = 59; severe/critical = 48; diagnoses on admission). 61 patients had a revisit chest CT scan. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze changes in laboratory values at admission and follow-up.Results: LDL-c and HDL-c levels were significantly higher at follow-up than at admission in severe/critical cases (p < 0.05). LDL-c levels were significantly higher at follow-up than at admission in mild cases (p < 0.05). With adjustment of the factor of traditional Chinese medicine, LDL-c and HDL-c levels were significantly improved at follow-up than at admission in severe/critical cases (p < 0.05). Coagulation and liver laboratory values were significantly lower at follow-up than at admission for patients (p < 0.05). Increases in HDL-c significantly correlated with increases in numbers of white blood cells (p<0.001) and decreases in levels of C-reactive protein (p < 0.05) during patients’ recovery. Residue lesions were observed in CT images in 69% (42 of 61) of follow-up patients.Conclusions: Improvements of LDL-c, HDL-c and incomplete absorption of lung lesions were observed at 3–6 month follow-up for recovered patients, indicating that a long-term recovery process could be required.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SATURATED AND UNSATURATED FATS WITH VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF BROILER CHICKEN TISSUES

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Gaál ◽  
L. Wágner ◽  
F. Husvéth ◽  
H. A. Manilla ◽  
P. Vajdovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Beef Tallow ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Pufa Content ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Liver Tbars ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

The influence of fish oil (highly unsaturated) and beef tallow (highly saturated) with vitamin E (100 IU/kg) supplementation on the antioxidant status of broiler chicken cockerels was investigated. Chicks were fed a control diet with no added fat, 40 g/kg each of fish oil and beef tallow diets, respectively, from 11 to 42 days of age. Tocopherol concentration and the rate of lipid peroxidation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in liver, fatty acid composition of the liver lipids, blood serum total antioxidant status (TAS), and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were determined. Vitamin E supplementation of the diet increased liver ?-tocopherol content in chicks regardless of the type of dietary fat. Fish oil diet resulted in higher liver TBARS value while beef tallow diet showed lower values compared to the control diet. Vitamin E supplementation reduced liver TBARS as well as serum GSH, and raised serum TAS for all diets. Serum GSH was the same for vitamin E supplemented diets regardless of the fat supplement. Fish oil diets resulted in a significant increase in hepatic lipid n-3 PUFA content. A significant positive correlation was found between liver TBARS and n-3 PUFA content. No relationships were established, however, between liver TBARS and n-6 PUFA or saturated fatty acids. The results suggest that feeding oils rich in n-3 PUFA increases tissue concentration of these fatty acids, consequently increasing tissue lipid peroxidation and reducing the antioxidative status of broiler chickens. Supplementing high levels of vitamin E with such oils may increase tissue oxidative stability. Serum TAS or GSH may be used as a measure of antioxidative status in chickens.

scholarly journals Follow-up study on serum cholesterol profiles in recovered COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiling Li ◽  
Li Du ◽  
Xiaoling Cao ◽  
Xiuqi Wei ◽  
Yao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Laboratory Values ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test

AbstractCOVID-19 patients develop hypolipidemia. However, it is unknown whether lipid levels have improved in recovered patients. In this study, a 3–6 month follow-up study was performed to examine serum levels of laboratory values in 107 discharged COVID-19 patients (mild = 59; severe/critical = 48; diagnoses on admission). 61 patients had a revisit chest CT scan. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze changes in laboratory values. LDL-c and HDL-c levels were significantly higher at follow-up than at admission in severe/critical cases (p < 0.05). LDL-c levels were significantly higher at follow-up than at admission in mild cases (p < 0.05). With adjustment of the factor of traditional Chinese medicine, LDL-c and HDL-c levels were significantly improved at follow-up than at admission in severe/critical cases (p < 0.05). Increases in HDL-c significantly correlated with increases in numbers of white blood cells (p<0.001) and decreases in levels of C-reactive protein (p < 0.05) during patients’ recovery. Residue lesions were observed in CT images in 69% (42 of 61) of follow-up patients. We concluded that improvements of LDL-c, HDL-c and incomplete absorption of lung lesions were observed at follow-up for recovered patients, indicating that a long-term recovery process could be required.

scholarly journals Increased Serum Levels of Cadmium are Associated with an Elevated Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Ma ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Cheng Xu ◽  
Min Da ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Inflammation Parameters

Abstract Previous studies have determined the effects of exposure to some heavy metals on cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the association between exposure to cadmium and CVD in adults remains unclear. The relationship between serum levels of cadmium and the risk of CVD was studied by analysing available data from 38,223 participants who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2016. After adjusting for all covariates, we found that higher serum cadmium concentrations were positively related to both the overall risk of CVD (odds ratio (OR): 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22, 1.72; p for trend <0.001) and the risks of its subtypes, including congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, heart attack and stroke. Elevated levels of cadmium were associated with increased levels of lipids and inflammation parameters, including blood triglycerides, total cholesterol, white blood cells (WBCs) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Our study provided epidemiological evidence that cadmium may increase the risk of CVD by elevating blood lipids and inflammation. CapsuleHigh blood levels of Cd are associated with increased risks of overall CVD and four of the CVD subtypes

scholarly journals Moderate Weight Loss Decreases Oxidative Stress and Increases Antioxidant Status in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

ISRN Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Del Ben ◽  
Francesco Angelico ◽  
Roberto Cangemi ◽  
Lorenzo Loffredo ◽  
Roberto Carnevale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio

Background. Oxidative stress is enhanced in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and believed to contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis. Weight loss is associated with lowered oxidative stress. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study in 92 consecutive patients with metabolic syndrome and 80 without. A dietary intervention with moderately low-calorie diet (600 calories/day negative energy balance) was carried out in 53 of metabolic syndrome patients. Oxidative stress, assessed by sNOX2-dp and urinary 8-iso-PGF2α, and antioxidant status, assessed by serum levels of vitamin E and adiponectin, were measured before and after 6 months. Results. Serum vitamin E/cholesterol ratio was significantly lower in metabolic syndrome compared to controls () and decreased by increasing the number of metabolic syndrome components (). After six months, 23 and 30 patients showed >5% (group A) or <5% (group B) weight loss, respectively. Urinary 8-iso-PGF2α (−39.0%), serum sNOX2-dp (−22.2%), adiponectin (+125%), and vitamin E/cholesterol ratio (+129.8%) significantly changed only in A group. Changes in body weight and in serum adiponectin were independent predictors of vitamin E/cholesterol ratio variation. Conclusion. Our findings show that in metabolic syndrome moderate weight loss is associated with multiple health benefits including not only oxidative stress reduction but also enhancement of antioxidant status.

scholarly journals The influence of tocilizumab immunogenicity markers on the effectiveness of treating rheumatoid arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Vladimir D. Nazarov ◽  
Sergey V. Lapin ◽  
Ksenia V. Tulenko ◽  
Rusana R. Samigullina ◽  
Vadim I. Mazurov
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Patient Visit ◽  
Drug Injection ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. The study assesses the impact of tocilizumab immunogenicity markers on clinical response to conducted treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and methods. A total of 17 patients with the confirmed diagnosis of RA receiving tocilizumab therapy for more than 1 year were enrolled into the study. Blood serum samples were collected once every six months before every drug injection during 2.5 years of treatment. The concentration of antibodies to tocilizumab and level of tocilizumab was determined using the ELISA. Additionally, DAS28 values were measured at the first and the last patient visit during the course of study, whereas levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells, platelets, rheumatoid factor, and circulating immune complexes were only measured at the last examination. Results. Positive correlations between the antibodies to tocilizumab and the last point DAS28 values were found, as well as a negative correlation of tocilizumab level and the level of DAS28. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate a significant effect of serum levels of tocilizumab, as well as of the concentration of antibodies to tocilizumab on the effectiveness of RA treatment. A routine study of these biomarkers might be useful for individualizing treatment approaches for RA patients and determining the causes of tocilizumab resistance.

scholarly journals Impaired oxidative-antioxidative balance during migraine attack

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2996-3002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Khosravi ◽  
Alireza Nakhaee ◽  
Abdoreza Ghoreishi ◽  
Zahra Arefpoor ◽  
Masoud Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Migraine Group

Background: Recent evidence has suggested that oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of migraine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the oxidative-antioxidative status in sera of migraine patients from an Iranian population during migraine attacks. Methods: This study recruited 46 migraine patients with or without aura and 45 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. The levels of protein carbonyl (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidants status (TOS) were measured as the indicators of oxidative stress. The levels of total thiols (T-SH), reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined as markers of antioxidant status. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated by dividing TOS to TAC. Results: The serum levels of MDA (4.10 +/- 0.70 vs. 3.20 +/- 0.62, P = 0.003), TOS (18.46 +/- 4.06 vs. 16.21 +/- 3.67, P = 0.007) and OSI (1.54 +/- 0.60 vs. 1.22 +/- 0.46, P = 0.006) were significantly higher in migraine group compared to controls, however, no statistically significant differences of PC levels were found between migraine patients and controls (0.615 +/- 0.161 vs. 0.517 +/- 0.126, P = 0.1). In contrast, the levels of T-SH (273 +/- 51.71 vs. 310.88 +/- 53.32, P = 0.001), GSH (28.08 +/- 6.20 vs. 32.13 +/- 5.8, P = 0.002) and TAC (1.27 +/- 0.226 vs. 1.41 +/- 0.26, P = 0.01) were significantly lower in migraine patients compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: Our study showed higher levels of oxidative stress and lower levels of antioxidant status in migraine group compared to controls, which indicates the possible role of oxidative stress in triggering migraine attacks.  

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