scholarly journals Valorization of Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Pomace by Enzyme-Assisted Extraction: Process Optimization and Comparison with Conventional Solid-Liquid Extraction

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Michail Syrpas ◽  
Egle Valanciene ◽  
Ernesta Augustiniene ◽  
Naglis Malys
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus L ◽  
Enzyme Assisted Extraction

Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) pomace contains a significant amount of polyphenols and can serve as a basis for food additives, nutraceuticals, and functional foods. Although various techniques can be employed to recover bioactive fractions from berry pomaces, data on enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) of bilberry pomace are rather scarce. This study aimed to optimize critical EAE parameters using Viscozyme L to obtain a high-yield extract with enhanced antioxidant capacity. Central composite design and response surface methodology evaluating the effect of four independent variables, namely, pH, temperature, extraction time, and enzyme concentration on three responses, were employed to define optimal EAE conditions. Under the optimal conditions (pH: 4.5, temperature 46 °C, 1 h of extraction, and 2 active units (AU) of Viscozyme L/g of pomace), EAE yielded 56.15 g/ 100 g DW of the water-soluble fraction. Comparison with conventional maceration indicated that EAE, besides the yield, significantly increased the in vitro antioxidant capacity measured by the total phenolic content, ABTS, ORAC, and CUPRAC assays. Moreover, an increase was observed for the measured mono- and disaccharide as well as anthocyanin content. Overall, this study demonstrates the improved efficiency of EAE over conventional solid–liquid extraction to recover fractions with a higher yield and enhanced functional properties in a fast and sustainable manner.

scholarly journals The Antidiabetic Effect of Grape Pomace Polysaccharide-Polyphenol Complexes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4495
Author(s):  
Filipa Campos ◽  
Andreia F. Peixoto ◽  
Pedro A. R. Fernandes ◽  
Manuel A. Coimbra ◽  
Nuno Mateus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Pectic Polysaccharides ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Solid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic diseases of the 21st century. Nevertheless, its prevalence might be attenuated by taking advantage of bioactive compounds commonly found in fruits and vegetables. This work is focused on the recovery of polyphenols and polysaccharide–polyphenol conjugates from grape pomace for T2DM management and prevention. Bioactives were extracted by solid–liquid extraction and by pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE). Polyphenolic fraction recovered by PHWE showed the highest value for total phenolic content (427 mg GAE.mg−1), mainly anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, and higher antioxidant activity compared to the fraction recovered by solid–liquid extraction. Polysaccharide–polyphenol conjugates comprehended pectic polysaccharides to which approximately 108 mg GAE of phenolic compounds (per mg fraction) were estimated to be bound. Polyphenols and polysaccharide–polyphenol conjugates exhibited distinct antidiabetic effects, depending on the extraction methodologies employed. Extracts were particularly relevant in the inhibition of a-glucosidase activity, with free polyphenols showing an IC50 of 0.47 mg.mL−1 while conjugates showed an IC50 of 2.7, 4.0 and 5.2 mg.mL−1 (solid–liquid extraction, PHWE at 95 and 120°C, respectively). Antiglycation effect was more pronounced for free polyphenols recovered by PHWE, while the attenuation of glucose uptake by Caco-2 monolayers was more efficient for conjugates obtained by PHWE. The antidiabetic effect of grape pomace bioactives opens new opportunities for the exploitation of these agri-food wastes in food nutrition, the next step towards reaching a circular economy in grape products.

scholarly journals Combining Pressurized Liquid Extraction and Enzymatic-Assisted Extraction to Obtain Bioactive Non-Extractable Polyphenols from Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) Pomace

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Domínguez-Rodríguez ◽  
María Concepción García ◽  
María Luisa Marina ◽  
Merichel Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Pressurized Liquid Extraction ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Conventional Extraction ◽  
Cherry Pomace

Sweet cherry pomace is a by-product that can be a source of bioactive phenolic compounds. Usually, polyphenols have been extracted using conventional extraction methodologies. However, a significant fraction, called non-extractable polyphenols (NEPs), remains retained in the conventional extraction residues. Therefore, this work is aimed, for the first time, to investigate the release of NEPs from cherry pomace combining pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) using Promod enzyme. A response surface methodology was employed to study the influence of temperature, time, and pH on the NEPs extraction. The response variables were the total phenolic content (TPC) measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method, total proanthocyanidin (PA) content evaluated by vanillin, DMAC, and butanol/HCl assays, and total antioxidant capacity determined by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and inhibition of hydroxyl radical assays. The results indicated that PLE-EAE was more suitable and selective to obtain NEPs from sweet cherry pomace than PLE alone. In fact, the extracts obtained by PLE-EAE displayed higher TPC, PA content, and bioactivity than the extracts obtained by PLE under the same extraction conditions, and those obtained by conventional methods. Moreover, size-exclusion chromatography profiles showed that the combination of PLE and EAE enabled the recovery of NEPs with higher molecular weight than PLE without EAE treatment.

scholarly journals Continuous or Batch Solid-Liquid Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Seeds of Sterculia apetala Plant and Kinetic Release Study

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Mosca ◽  
Gádor Hidalgo ◽  
Juliana Villasante ◽  
María Almajano
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Solid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid

This work has been intended to investigate the antioxidant properties of compounds extracted from seeds of Sterculia apetala (a plant from Central America) in order to add further results to the relatively poor existing literature on the beneficial properties of this plant. Different extraction methodologies were used such as batch or continuous extraction conditions using water or ethanol 50% as solvents. The kinetic study has allowed estimation of the effective diffusion coefficients in a continuous solid-liquid extraction, highlighting the strict dependence of the diffusion rate and temperature and kind of solvent, showing the highest diffusion rate with ethanol 50% at 60 °C. The comparison between different techniques and two solvents led to the selection of water as the best extraction solvent while batch mechanically-agitated extraction was the most efficient mode, with the benefits of use of an environmental-friendly solvent and reduction in process time to achieve a high amount of extracted phenolic compounds. The analysis techniques used were ABTS and Folin-Ciocalteau methods to investigate the antioxidant activity and quantify the Total Phenolic Content (TPC) respectively. Also, different fatty acids were extracted from Sterculia apetala seeds and analysed by Gas Chromatography in order to quantify other interesting chemical species besides antioxidants.

Determination of total antioxidant capacity of humic acids using CUPRAC, Folin–Ciocalteu, noble metal nanoparticle- and solid–liquid extraction-based methods

Talanta ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 120-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şeyda Karadirek ◽  
Nergis Kanmaz ◽  
Zeynep Balta ◽  
Pelin Demirçivi ◽  
Ayşem Üzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Solid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid

Kinetics of the Solid-Liquid Extraction Process of Phenolic Antioxidants and Antioxidant Capacity from Hop (Humulus lupulus L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1658-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Đ. Paunović ◽  
Snežana S. Mitić ◽  
Gordana S. Stojanović ◽  
Milan N. Mitić ◽  
Branka T. Stojanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Solid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Design and Optimization of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Curcumin as an Effective Alternative for Conventional Solid Liquid Extraction of Natural Products

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivekananda Mandal ◽  
Saikat Dewanjee ◽  
Ranabir Sahu ◽  
Subhash C. Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Solid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid

The first step in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of medicinal plant constituents is the extraction step. Ideally, an extraction procedure should be exhaustive with respect to the constituents to be analyzed, rapid, simple, and for routine analysis amenable to automation. Usually, the traditional techniques require long extraction times, with more consumption of energy resources and organic solvent, have low efficiency and are often unsafe for thermolabile botanicals. The Taguchi based optimization technique was adapted for the process optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) of Curcuma longa to identify the effect of four major factors namely, extraction time, solvent viscosity, grinding degree and solvent volume on the percentage extraction of curcumin. The reproducibility and recovery of the method was also investigated. The efficiency of the new extraction method was then compared with conventional solid liquid extraction procedures. Using this novel method, long hours of conventional Soxhlet extraction were cut down to 70 minutes of UAE with greater reproducibility and recovery. The study clearly shows that this method can be effectively utilized for cutting down long extraction time of botanicals to just a few minutes without the aid of heat.

Optimization of conventional solid-liquid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols and antioxidant compounds of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) pomace through response surface methodology

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sebastián Troncoso Mesa ◽  
Jennyfer Flórez-Méndez ◽  
Jéssica López ◽  
Rubén Bustos
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Solid Liquid

BACKGROUND: Blueberries contain large amounts of phenolic compounds as well as a higher concentration of anthocyanins than other berries. The peel of these fruits contains most of the anthocyanins and therefore pomace is left with the largest quantity of valuable phenolic compounds. Extraction is the most critical step to obtain such compounds. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to optimize the extraction of polyphenols and antioxidant compounds from blueberry pomace by solid-liquid extraction (SLE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). METHODS: A Pareto chart was used to confirm the factor with the highest impact, response surface for analyzing the effect of extraction conditions on total phenol content (TPC) (through Folin-Ciocalteu), total anthocyanin content (TAC) (through differential pH), antioxidant capacity (AC) (through DPPH assay) and the Box-Behnken matrix to determine the optimal conditions for marc extraction with each method. RESULTS: Ethanol concentration is an impact factor for both methods, as well as irradiation method, radiation power for MAE and temperature for SLE. Regarding SLE and MAE extraction, under optimal conditions, a TCP content of 335.95 and 426.19 (mg GAE/100 g), TAC 272.69 and 389.64 (mg Cyn-3-glu/100 g), and CA 528.96 and 654.11 (mg TE/100 g) was obtained, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of phenolic compound extraction via MAE method is better than that of SLE.

Microwave-Assisted Extraction for Maximizing the Yield of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity from Cacao Pod Husk (Theobroma Cacao L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Tang Nguyen ◽  
Thi Dieu Pham ◽  
Long Binh Vu ◽  
Van Hoa Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Le Tran
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

Background: Extraction is an important step to obtain phytochemical compounds from natural materials. Among different extraction techniques, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is an advanced method with high extraction efficiency and low energy consumption. Objective: The aim of this study was to optimize the MAE parameters for obtaining the highest levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity from cacao pod husk (CPH). Methods: The dried CPH was prepared using microwave drying method. The CPH extract was prepared using microwave-assisted extraction method. The powdered CPH extract was prepared using vacuum evaporation and freeze drying methods. Phytochemical compounds and antioxidant capacity of CPH extracts were analyzed using spectrophotometric methods. Results: The optimal MAE parameters were 600 W microwave power, 5 s/min irradiation time, 30 min extraction time, and 50 mL/g solvent to sample ratio. Under these MAE parameters, total phenolic content (TPC), phenolic extraction efficiency (PEE), saponin content (SC), and DPPH radical scavenging capacity (DRSC) were achieved from the CPH to be 10.97 mg GAE/g dried sample, 76.82%, 70.10 mg EE/g dried sample, and 141.18 mg DPPH/g dried sample, respectively, which were not significantly different from the predicted values (10.38 mg GAE/g dried sample, 72.68%, 70.09 mg EE/g dried sample, and 121.49 mg DPPH/g dried sample, respectively). The residual moisture, water activity, density, water soluble index and pH of powdered CPH extract were 9.72%, 0.38, 0.17 g/ml, 84.93% and 7.68, respectively. TPC, total flavonoid content (TFC) and SC of powdered CPH extract were 15.75 mg GAE/g dried sample, 27.03 mg CE/g dried sample and 133.67 mg EE/g dried sample, respectively. DRSC and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of powdered CPH extract were 227.79 mg DPPH/g dried sample and 14.12 mg Fe(II)/g dried sample, respectively. Conclusion: The findings from this study reveal that the powdered extract obtained from the CPH at the optimal MAE parameters is a rich source of phytochemicals possessing great antioxidant activity. Therefore, it is a potential candidate to apply in the functional foods.

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