scholarly journals Bioaccessible Raspberry Extracts Enriched in Ellagitannins and Ellagic Acid Derivatives Have Anti-Neuroinflammatory Properties

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Garcia ◽  
Teresa Faria Pais ◽  
Paula Pinto ◽  
Gary Dobson ◽  
Gordon J. McDougall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Neuroprotective Actions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Chronic neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative disorders has been reported to be prevented by dietary components. Particularly, dietary (poly)phenols have been identified as having anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective actions, and their ingestion is considered a major preventive factor for such disorders. To assess the relation between (poly)phenol classes and their bioactivity, we used five different raspberry genotypes, which were markedly different in their (poly)phenol profiles within a similar matrix. In addition, gastro-intestinal bio-accessible fractions were produced, which simulate the (poly)phenol metabolites that may be absorbed after digestion, and evaluated for anti-inflammatory potential using LPS-stimulated microglia. Interestingly, the fraction from genotype 2J19 enriched in ellagitannins, their degradation products and ellagic acid, attenuated pro-inflammatory markers and mediators CD40, NO, TNF-α, and intracellular superoxide via NF-κB, MAPK and NFAT pathways. Importantly, it also increased the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. These effects contrasted with fractions richer in anthocyanins, suggesting that ellagitannins and its derivatives are major anti-inflammatory (poly)phenols and promising compounds to alleviate neuroinflammation

scholarly journals P0527AROLE OF PROMOTING INFLAMMATION OF KLF6 IN ACUTE KIDNEY INURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Li ◽  
Chenyu Li ◽  
Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Public Dataset ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background and Aims Acute kidney injury (AKI), commonly appeared in cardiac arrest, surgery and kidney transplantation which involved in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of kidney. However, the mechanisms underlying inflammatory response in IR AKI is still unclear. Method Public dataset showed kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) was significantly highly expressed (P<0.05) in AKI, implies KLF6 might be associated with AKI. To evaluate the mechanism of KLF6 on IR AKI, 30 rats were randomly divided into sham and IR group, and were sacrificed at 0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h or 24 h after IR. Results The results showed KLF6 expression was peaking at 6 h after IR, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines MCP-1 and TNF-α were increased both in serum and kidney tissues after IR, while anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was decreased after IR. Furthermore, in vitro results showed KLF6 knock-down reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokines expression. Conclusion These results suggest that (1) KLF6 might be a novel biomarker for early diagnosis of AKI and (2) targeting KLF6 expression may offer novel strategies to protect kidneys from IR AKI Figure KLF6, AKI, Control Inflammation

scholarly journals Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Expression Levels in Macrophages; An Approach to Develop Indazolpyridin-methanones as Novel Inflammation Medication

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manikandan Alagumuthu ◽  
Vanshika Srivastava ◽  
Manisha Shah ◽  
Sivakumar Arumugam ◽  
Mohandoss Sonaimuthu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Background: Macrophages play a serious part in the instigation, upkeep, and resolution of inflammation. They are activated or deactivated during inflammation progression. Activation signals include cytokines (IF-γ, granulocyte-monocyte colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF), and TNF-α), extracellular matrix proteins, and other chemical mediators. Activated macrophages are deactivated by anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL- 10 and TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) and cytokine antagonists that are mainly produced by macrophages. Based on this, the present study aimed to develop novel (E)- Benzylidene-indazolpyridin methanones (Cpd-1-10) as effective anti-inflammatory agents by analyzing pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in macrophages. Objectives: To determine the anti-inflammatory effect of indazolpyridin-methanones by examining pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukin levels in J77A.1 macrophages. Methods: Expression of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels measured by ELISA method. Anti-cancer and cytotoxicity studies were carried out by MTT assay. COX-2 seems to be associated with cancers and atypical developments in the duodenal tract. So, a competitive ELISA based COX-2 inhibition assay was done. To validate the inhibitory potentials and to get more insight into the interaction of COX-2 with Cpd1-10, molecular docking was performed. Results: Briefly, the COX-2 inhibitory relative activity was found to be in between the range of 80-92% (Diclofenac showed 84%, IC50 0.95 μM). Conclusion: Cytotoxicity effect of the compounds against breast cancer cell lines found excellent and an extended anticancer study ensured that these compounds are also alternative therapeutic agents against breast cancer. Among all the tested cancer cell lines, the anti- cancer effect on breast cancer was exceptional for the most active compounds Cpd5 and Cpd9.

scholarly journals Immune Cell–Conditioned Media Suppress Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cell Growth Correlating With Decreased Proinflammatory/Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Ratios in the Media Using 5 Selected Crude Polysaccharides

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. NP13-NP25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Chien Lin ◽  
Jin-Yuarn Lin
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Conditioned Media ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Media ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Five different crude polysaccharides from guava seed (GSPS), bitter buckwheat (BBPS), common buckwheat (CBPS), red Formosa lambsquarters (RFLPS), and yellow Formosa lambsquarters (YFLPS) were isolated to treat human prostate cancer PC-3 cells via direct action or tumor immunotherapy. The splenocyte- and macrophage-conditioned media (SCM and MCM) were prepared using individual selected polysaccharides, and then SCM or MCM was further collected to treat PC-3 cells. The relationship between PC-3 cell growth and Th1/Th2 cytokines in SCM as well as proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion profiles in MCM were delineated. The results showed that all 5 selected polysaccharides did not significantly inhibit PC-3 cell growth via direct action. However, SCM or MCM cultured in the absence or presence of 5 selected polysaccharides significantly ( P < .05) inhibited PC-3 cell growth. MCM cultured with 5 polysaccharides dose dependently enhanced their inhibitory effects on the viabilities of PC-3 cells than those cultured without polysaccharides. There was a significant ( P < .05) negative correlation between PC-3 cell viabilities and (interleukin [IL]-6 + tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α)/IL-10 level ratios in the corresponding MCM, implying that macrophages suppress PC-3 cell growth through decreasing secretion ratios of proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines in a tumor microenvironment.

scholarly journals Cytokine profiles in highly active antiretroviral treatment non-adherent, adherent and naive HIV-1 infected patients in Western Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1584-92
Author(s):  
Fauzia Musa ◽  
Nathan Shaviya ◽  
Fidelis Mambo ◽  
Collins Abonyo ◽  
Erick Barasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: Cytokines play an important role in signaling the immune system to build an adequate immune responseagainst HIV. HIV distorts the balance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines causing viral replication. Highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) acts by trying to restore pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance. It is not clear how HAART non-adherence influences circulating cytokine levels. This study therefore determined cytokine levels in HAART non-adherent individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 163 participants (51 controls, 23 HIV-1+ HAART naive, 28 HAART-adherent6 months, 19 HAART-adherent 12 months and 42 HAART non-adherent). Cytokines were analyzed by ELISA while CD4 T cells determined in 3.0 μl of whole blood using BD FACSCaliburTM and viral load in 0.2ml plasma sample using Abbott Molecular m2000sp sample preparation and m2000rt real-time amplification and detection systems (Abbott MolecularInc., Illinois, USA) according to the manufacturer’s methods. Results: IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and TGF-β were significantly elevated in HIV-1 HAART non-adherent compared withHIV-1 HAART adherent and healthy controls P<0.01. IFN- γ was significantly decreased in HIV-1 HAART non-adherentcompared with HIV-1 HAART adherent and healthy controls P<0.01. TNF-α and TGF-β were significantly reduced in HIV-1 HAART adherent patients at 12 months compared to those at 6 months P<0.01. IL-4 and IL-10 correlated positively withviral load. IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and TGF- β associated inversely with CD4 T cell counts and body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: This study established that HAART adherence is immunologically beneficial to the pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance milieu while non-adherence appears to cause alterations in pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines warping the balance in this dichotomy. Keywords: Cytokines; non-adherence; HAART.

scholarly journals Immunoregulatory effects of Imuno TF® (transfer factors) on Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg cytokines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Rocha Oliveira ◽  
Rodolfo Paula Vieira ◽  
Anderson de Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Any Elisa de Souza Schmidt Gonçalves ◽  
Hudson Polonini
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Th2 Cytokines ◽  
Transfer Factors ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Th1 Cytokines ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

AbstractTransfer factors are known since 1955 due to their activities on the immune system. Although the reports on the effects on diverse immune mechanisms, their role on Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg responses was still not described. In this sense, the present work focused on the evaluation of such immune responses. For that, human lymphocytes, and mice thymic, splenic and Peyer’s cells were stimulated with Lipopolysaccharides and Concanavalin A, and then treated with isolated transfer factors (Imuno TF®). The culture medium was harvested and the quantification of Th1 cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), Th17 cytokine (IL- 17), Treg cytokine (IL-35), inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was performed, as well as the quantification of mRNA levels. Imuno TF® positively regulated Th1 cytokines, while decreased Th2 cytokines. It also increased levels of mRNA and secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, whereas it reduced levels of mRNA and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. Finally, it reversed the hypersecretion of IL-17 and did not promote significant changes in IL-35 secretion. This highlights the role of Imuno TF® in the regulation of the immune responses.

scholarly journals Supplementation of xanthophylls decreased proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines in hens and chicks

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (10) ◽  
pp. 1746-1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Yun Gao ◽  
Qing-Mei Xie ◽  
Ling Jin ◽  
Bao-Li Sun ◽  
Jun Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Different Tissues

The present study investigated the effects of xanthophylls (containing 40 % of lutein and 60 % of zeaxanthin) on proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ and lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF)) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10) expression of breeding hens and chicks. In Expt 1, a total of 432 hens were fed diets supplemented with 0 (as the control group), 20 or 40 mg/kg xanthophylls (six replicates per treatment). The liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were sampled at 35 d of the trial. The results showed that both levels of xanthophyll addition decreased IL-1β mRNA in the liver and jejunum, IL-6 mRNA in the liver, IFN-γ mRNA in the jejunum and LITAF mRNA in the liver compared to the control group. Expt 2 was a 2 × 2 factorial design. Male chicks hatched from 0 or 40 mg/kg xanthophyll diet of hens were fed a diet containing either 0 or 40 mg/kg xanthophylls. The liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected at 0, 7, 14 and 21 d after hatching. The results showed thatin ovoxanthophylls decreased proinflammatory cytokine expression (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and LITAF) in the liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-4 and IL-10) in the liver, jejunum and ileum mainly at 0–7 d after hatching.In ovoeffects gradually vanished and dietary effects began to work during 1–2 weeks after hatching. Dietary xanthophylls modulated proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ) in the liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in the liver and jejunum mainly from 2 weeks onwards. In conclusion, xanthophylls could regulate proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in different tissues of hens and chicks.

scholarly journals CD200 modulates macrophage cytokine secretion and phagocytosis in response to poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles and films

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1574-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Y. Chen ◽  
Shu-Hui Chu ◽  
Lanny Gov ◽  
Yoon Kyung Kim ◽  
Melissa B. Lodoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Macrophage Cytokine

CD200 modified PLGA surfaces inhibits inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) secretion, and enhances anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion (IL-10) and phagocytosis by macrophages.

scholarly journals Il-10 signaling reduces survival in mouse models of synucleinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. Cockey ◽  
Karen N. McFarland ◽  
Emily J. Koller ◽  
Mieu M. T. Brooks ◽  
Elsa Gonzalez De La Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Hindlimb Muscles ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Immune Mediators ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
Pleiotropic Functions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) and related synucleinopathies are characterized by chronic neuroinflammation leading to the premise that anti-inflammatory therapies could ameliorate synucleinopathy and associated sequelae. To test this idea, we used recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAV) to express the anti-inflammatory cytokine, Interleukin (Il)-10, in Line M83 transgenic mice that expresses the PD-associated A53T mutant human α-synuclein (αSyn). Contrary to our expectations, we observed that intraspinal Il-10 expression initiated at birth upregulated microgliosis and led to early death in homozygous M83+/+ mice. We further observed that Il-10 preconditioning led to reduced lifespan in the hemizygous M83+/− mice injected with preformed αSyn aggregates in hindlimb muscles. To determine the mechanistic basis for these adverse effects, we took advantage of the I87A variant Il-10 (vIl-10) that has predominantly immunosuppressive properties. Sustained intraspinal expression of vIl-10 in preformed αSyn-aggregate seeded M83+/− mice resulted in earlier death, accelerated αSyn pathology, pronounced microgliosis, and increased apoptosis compared to control mice. AAV-vIl-10 expression robustly induced p62 and neuronal LC3B accumulation in these mice, indicating that Il-10 signaling mediated preconditioning of the neuraxis can potentially exacerbate αSyn accumulation through autophagy dysfunction in the neurons. Together, our data demonstrate unexpected adverse effects of both Il-10 and its immunosuppressive variant, vIl-10, in a mouse model of PD, highlighting the pleiotropic functions of immune mediators and their complex role in non-cell autonomous signaling in neurodegenerative proteinopathies.

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