scholarly journals The Spatial Heterogeneity of the Black Scorpionfish, Scorpaena porcus (Scorpaenidae): Differences in Length, Dietary and Age Compositions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11919
Author(s):  
Josipa Ferri ◽  
Sanja Matić-Skoko
Keyword(s):  
High Selectivity ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Island Area ◽  
Intraspecific Variations ◽  
Geographical Scale ◽  
Diet Analyses ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Scorpaena Porcus

The present study assessed spatial variations in several biological characteristics of Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758 and estimated length structure, dietary composition and growth parameters for the species. Sampling was carried out in two areas, about 200 km apart, in the coastal Adriatic Sea, which is the northernmost region of the Mediterranean. A total of 388 specimens of S. porcus were caught, 233 from the Split area and 155 from the Pag Island area, and a higher proportion of individuals in the ≤15 cm length classes were found in the Split area. The results of the age, growth and diet analyses demonstrated that the black scorpionfish is a slow-growing and long-lived species that feeds on a wide variety of plant and animal taxa and shows a high selectivity for crustacean decapods. Detailed comparisons and multivariate analyses showed significant fine-scale spatial structuring of the investigated species, as observed length, dietary and age compositions were heterogeneous among the two areas. Fish from the Pag Island area ingested a greater diversity of the prey types, fed to a greater extent on fishes, reached the highest total length and showed a higher growth rate. Such intraspecific variations could reflect adaptations to different environmental conditions and support the geographical scale at which local black scorpionfish populations should be managed.

scholarly journals Age, growth and mortality of poor cod (Trisopterus minutus L.) from the eastern Adriatic Sea

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mate Santic ◽  
Armin Pallaoro ◽  
Ivana Mikulandra ◽  
Biljana Radja ◽  
Ivan Jardas
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Fishing Pressure ◽  
Exploitation Rate ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Intensive Growth

The age, growth and mortality parameters for poor cod, Trisopterus minutus, from the eastern Adriatic were analyzed. Samples were collected monthly from January to December 2009 on a random basis, with a total of 1200 specimens analyzed (885 females and 315 males). The values of parameter b (the exponent of the arithmetic form of length-weight relationships) of males (2.97), females (3.01) and total sample (2.99) indicated isometric growth. Fish aged 1-6 years were present in the samples, including a high proportion of 2-year-old individuals. The oldest female was estimated to be 6 years old, while the oldest male was 5. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L? = 26.81, K = 0.186, and to = 1.41 for males; L? = 29.5, K = 0.197, and to = 1.33 for females; L? = 28.76, K = 0.194, and to = 1.34 for all specimens. This study revealed that poor cod is a relatively slow-growing fish with intensive growth during the first two years of life. Total and natural mortality were Z = 1.01 year-1 and M = 0.50 year-1, respectively. The exploitation rate, E = 0.50, revealed a high fishing pressure on the stock in the studied area.

scholarly journals Effective Placement Methods of Vermicompost Application in Urban Tree Species: Implications for Sustainable Urban Afforestation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5822
Author(s):  
Huong Thi Thuy Dao ◽  
Jeong Min Seo ◽  
Jonathan O. Hernandez ◽  
Si Ho Han ◽  
Woo Bin Youn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Larix Kaempferi ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Slow Growing

Knowledge on growth and nutrient uptake characteristics of urban trees and effective strategies to grow trees can help accomplish the goal of urban afforestation initiatives in a sustainable way. Thus, the study investigated the effects of different vermicompost (VC) application placements on the growth and nutrient uptake of three contrasting tree species (fast-growing Betula platyphylla and Larix kaempferi and slow-growing Chamaecyparis obtusa) to provide implications for growing tree stocks for sustainable urban afforestation programs. Five placement methods were used in the greenhouse trial: no fertilization (CON), surface placement (VCs), subsurface placement at 6-cm depth (VCc), bottom placement (35-cm depth (VCb)), and mixed with soil (VCm). We measured the growth parameters such as height, root collar diameter (RCD), and biomass and analyzed foliar nutrient concentrations in response to different placement treatments of VC. Relative height growth was the highest at VCc (132% (B. platyphylla), 114% (L. kaempferi)) and VCs ((57%) C. obtusa). Significant improvement in aboveground and belowground biomass growth of all species at VCs and VCc compared to the other treatments was also observed. Generally, VC treatments significantly increased N concentration compared to CON in all species. In conclusion, fertilizing the fast- and slow-growing urban tree species using VCs and/or VCc is relevant to growing high quality planting stocks for sustainable urban afforestation purposes.

Early genetic evaluation of loblolly pine

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Waxler ◽  
J. P. van Buijtenen
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Slow Growing

Seedlings of five known fast-growing, open-pollinated loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) families and five known slow-growing families were grown from seed to 24 weeks of age in a greenhouse. Each family was subjected to four moisture regimes ranging from high stress levels to little or no stress. Various seedling growth parameters were measured and evaluated to determine their value as predictors of field performance of the same families tested over a range of site conditions. Results showed that the shoot weights and shoot/root ratios of known fast-growing families were significantly greater than those of known slow-growing families at the seedling stage of development. The average shoot/root ratio per family of seedlings grown under unstressed and mildly stressed conditions showed significant positive correlations (r = 0.74 and r = 0.61 respectively) with the average volume superiority of the same families field-tested over a range of sites. (Volume superiority = (volume of family/average volume of plantation) × 100.) The average shoot weight per family of seedlings grown under mild and moderate moisture-stress conditons were also significantly correlated (r = 0.65 and r = 0.66 respectively) with average volume superiority. Shoot/root ratio of seedlings grown under the unstressed water regime was the best overall predictor of later field performance.

Slow life-history traits of a neritic predator, the bronze whaler (Carcharhinus brachyurus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Drew ◽  
Paul Rogers ◽  
Charlie Huveneers
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Life History Characteristics ◽  
Regional Estimates ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Age Estimates

Intra-species plasticity in the life-history characteristics of sharks leads to the need for regional estimates to accurately determine resilience to anthropogenic effects. The present study provides the first length-at-age, growth and maturity estimates for the bronze whaler (Carcharhinus brachyurus) from southern Australia. Age estimates were obtained from vertebral sections of 466 individuals spanning 50–308-cm total length. Maximum estimates of age for males and females were 25 and 31 years respectively. The three-parameter logistic model for females (L∞=308cm LT, k=0.15, α=742) and for males (L∞=317cm LT, k=0.13, α=782) provided the best fit to the size at age data. Males matured at a similar age (16 years), but smaller size than females (224v. 270cm LT). Growth parameters and age-at-maturity estimates were similar to those for genetically isolated C. brachyurus populations, and the sympatric dusky shark (C. obscurus). The southern Australian C. brachyurus population is long-lived, slow growing and late maturing. These growth parameters are needed to undertake demographic analyses to assess the resilience of C. brachyurus to fishing, and provide an example of a wide-ranging elasmobranch with similar life-history characteristics across isolated populations.

Age, growth and mortality of the garfish, Belone belone (L. 1761) in the Adriatic Sea

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Zorica ◽  
Vanja Čikeš Keč
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Positive Allometry ◽  
Von Bertalanffy Model ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Belone Belone ◽  
Conservation And Management

A sample of 3393 garfish, Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) was captured using a seine net between January 2003 and December 2008, along the eastern Adriatic Sea. The range in total length was 20.8–75.4 cm and in weight was 12.21–639.25 g. Length–length equations for converting size measurements (standard length and fork length to total length (TL)) were linear. In the length–weight relationship, positive allometry was established (b = 3.4818). Age, determined from sagittal otoliths, ranged from 1+ to 8+ years. The estimated von Bertalanffy model growth parameters for garfish were L∞ = 90.3 cm, K = 0.158 year−1, t0 = −0.109. Otolith weight was endorsed as a possible age predictor, as it showed highly exponential correlation with total garfish length and age (Wo = 0.0012 TL2.189; Wo = 0.568t1.486). These findings were used to examine mortality rates and exploitation in order to improve conservation and management of this pelagic species.

scholarly journals Diversity of endomycorrhizal fungi and their synergistic effect on the growth of Acacia catechu Willd.

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Parkash ◽  
A. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rhizosphere Microflora ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Acacia Catechu ◽  
Slow Growing

The diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi of <I>Acacia catechu</I> Willd. was studied. Dominant AM spores, the bacterium <I>Rhizobium</I> sp. along with the fungus <I>Trichoderma viride</I> were isolated from the rhizosphere of <I>A. catechu</I> and mass-produced in laboratory. The co-inoculation effect of <I>Glomus mosseae, Glomus fasciculatum</I>, mixed AM (<I>Glomus</I> spp. [except <I>G. mosseae, G. fasciculatum</I>] with <I>Acaulospora</I> spp., <I>Sclerocystis</I> spp. and <I>Gigaspora</I> spp.), <I>Rhizobium</I> sp. and <I>Trichoderma viride</I> was studied as exerted on the growth of <I>A. catechu</I> seedlings. All inoculated seedlings showed improved seedling growth compared to the control. Inoculated seedlings had a pronounced effect on all growth parameters such as height, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, AM spore count, per cent mycorrhizal colonization in roots and root nodule number in comparison with uninoculated seedlings. Phosphorus uptake was also higher in inoculated seedlings than in the control. This study provides a good scope for commercially utilizing the efficient strains of AM fungi for beneficial effects with other beneficial rhizosphere microflora in the primary establishment of slow growing seedlings ensuring better survival and improved growth.

scholarly journals Life-history traits of the spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias in the Adriatic Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giada Bargione ◽  
Fortunata Donato ◽  
Mario La Mesa ◽  
Carlotta Mazzoldi ◽  
Emilio Riginella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Squalus Acanthias ◽  
Spiny Dogfish ◽  
The North ◽  
Size At Sexual Maturity ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Pivotal life history traits concerning age structure and reproduction of the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias, Linnaeus 1758) were investigated in the Adriatic Sea from mid February 2012 to mid July 2013 and in 2016. The whole sample consisted of 176 females and 150 males, ranging between 217–1025 mm and 219–875 mm, respectively. The individual age, which was estimated using a cross-sectioning technique of the second dorsal-fin spine, ranged from 0 to 13+ years for females and from 0 to 9+ years for males. Based on the length-at-age estimates, the Gompertz growth parameters were L∞ = 1130 mm, k = 0.18 and L∞ = 920 mm, k = 0.24 for females and males, respectively. The size at sexual maturity (L50) was 659 mm for females and 575 mm for males, corresponding to 7.5 and 5.5 years of age (A50), respectively. Mean biennial fecundity was approximately 11 embryos/female and 12 ripe oocytes/female. Mature males occurred during much of the sampling period, while mature females with nearly full-term embryos were exclusively recorded in May 2013 and July 2016. Monitoring of catches conducted in a sample port of the north Adriatic (Chioggia) over the past 20 years has shown fluctuating trends in landings, with peaks during the summer reproductive season.

Age and growth of forkbeard, Phycis phycis, in Portuguese continental waters

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Vieira ◽  
Ana Neves ◽  
Vera Sequeira ◽  
Rafaela Barros Paiva ◽  
Leonel Serrano Gordo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Von Bertalanffy ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Marginal Increment ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Annual Growth Increment ◽  
Phycis Phycis

The forkbeard, Phycis phycis, is an important commercial species in Portugal; however, little information is available on its biology. Age and growth of the forkbeard from Portuguese continental waters were studied using 687 otoliths from specimens caught between May 2011 and December 2012. Otoliths were transversally sectioned, and assigned ages were validated by marginal increment analysis and edge analysis, and indices of precision were also calculated to corroborate ageing within and between readers. Validation techniques showed that an annual growth increment is formed every year, corresponding to the succession of an opaque and a translucent growth zone. Specimens ranged from 15.5 to 67.1 cm total length (TL), and their estimated ages ranged between 0 and 18 years. The forkbeard is a relatively slow growing, long lived species, that does not show sexual dimorphism in growth. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated for forkbeard from the Portuguese continental waters were L∞ = 75.14 cm TL, k = 0.10 yr−1 and t0 = −2.09 yr.

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