scholarly journals Coordination of Multiple Autonomous Agents Using Naturally Generated Languages in Task Planning

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 3571
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Qiao Guo
Keyword(s):  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Evolutionary Games ◽  
Task Planning ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Language Generation ◽  
Sufficient And Necessary Conditions ◽  
State Abstraction ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Generation Problem

Language plays a prominent role in the activities of human beings and other intelligent creatures. One of the most important functions of languages is communication. Inspired by this, we attempt to develop a novel language for cooperation between artificial agents. The language generation problem has been studied earlier in the context of evolutionary games in computational linguistics. In this paper, we take a different approach by formulating it in the computational model of rationality in a multi-agent planning setting. This paper includes three main parts: First, we present a language generation problem that is connected to state abstraction and introduce a few of the languages’ properties. Second, we give the sufficient and necessary conditions of a valid abstraction with proofs and develop an efficient algorithm to construct the languages where several words are generated naturally. The sentences composed of words can be used by agents to regulate their behaviors during task planning. Finally, we conduct several experiments to evaluate the benefits of the languages in a variety of scenarios of a path-planning domain. The empirical results demonstrate that our languages lead to reduction in communication cost and behavior restriction.

scholarly journals The Role of Values in Social Change: An Analysis from The Qur’ānic Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Means Of Production

In the post-industrial revolution world, social change is often studied and understood in the context of change in means of production, mobility, urbanization and change in the constitution of workforce. Role of ethical values is generally confined to personal conduct and manners. Industrial society is supposed to have its own work ethics which may or may not agree with personal ethics and morality. Ethics and morality are generally considered, in the Western thought, as a social construct. Therefore, with the change in means of production or political system, values and morality are also expected to be re-adjusted in order to cope with the changed environment. Sometimes a totally new set of values emerges as a consequence of the change in economic, political, or legal set up. The present research tries to understand the meaning and place of these values in a global socio-cultural framework. Relying essentially on the divine principles of the Qur'ān it makes an effort to understand relevance of these universal and ultimate principles with human conduct and behavior in society.  It indicates that essentially it is the core values, principles, or norms which guide human beings in their interpersonal, social, economic and political matters. Islam being a major civilizing force, culture, and the way of life, provides values which guide both in individual and social matters. The values given by the Qur’ān and the Sunnah are not monopoly of the Muslim. These values are universal and are relevant in a technological society.

scholarly journals alienated human

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-262
Author(s):  
Nguyen Anh Quoc ◽  
Nguyen Minh Tri ◽  
Nguyen Anh Thuong ◽  
Dinh The Hoang ◽  
Nguyen Van Bung
Keyword(s):  
Spare Parts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
The Senses ◽  
And Behavior

Man and nature is a unity between body and individual in behavior. Humans are liberty, creative, happy subjects in behavior and labor. By behavior and labor, humans produce tools, spare parts, machines, and robots to replace internal organs, lengthen the senses, and lengthen defective body parts. Evolution is no longer a mutation in the body but the assembly of accessories into organs, senses, and body parts when needed. People use devices that are manufactured to be used for what people want depending on specific conditions and circumstances. Labor and behavior make objectification of people, but alienated behavior and alienated labor make humanize the object. The time to enjoy liberty, creativity, and happiness is human, and the time to perform alienated behavior and alienated labor is the time to live for the non-human. People are corrupted into slavery to standards, money. It is the process of self-torture, torturing oneself; and the nobility of standards, the wealth of money is the unhappy product of life. Humans are liberty, creative and happy subjects; alienated human beings are all helpless, unhappy, deceit. Money, standards are products of helplessness, unhappiness, lies. Standards, money remove people from life.

scholarly journals MEMBINCANG RELASI GENDER DALAM PERSPEKTIF KOMUNIKASI (Studi Kasus Terhadap Public Speaking Versus Private Speaking di Aceh Barat)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzakkir Muzakkir
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Women Studies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
And Behavior

The study and analysis in this paper based on addressing gender differences is common as long as it does not result in gender inequalities. In general, the notion of gender is a visible difference between men and women when viewed from values and behavior. In the Women Studies Encyclopedia it is explained that Gender is a cultural concept, seeking to make a distinction in terms of the roles, behaviors, mentality, and emotional characteristics of the growing male and female in society. However, reality in society indicates that gender differences give rise to various forms of inequality and injustice. Islam is a religion that strongly emphasizes the importance of respect for human beings and it seems his teaching is very accommodating to human values. One form of elaboration of human values is a sincere recognition of human equality and unity. The women of Rasulullah SAW era are described as active, polite, well-preserved women. In fact, in the Qur'an, the ideal figure of a Muslim is symbolized as a person who has independence in politics, like the figure of Queen Balqis who leads the superpower kingdom (`arsyun` azhim). Communication is the exchange of ideas, information, feelings or thoughts between people (individuals) face to face (face to face), verbal and non verbal. While counseling is a reciprocal relationship between two individuals, where a counselor is trying to help the other (the client) to try to solve the problems he is facing.Relation of gender is a social relationship between men and women who are socially formed and culture in doing everything. Based on the findings, it turns out that the meeting in West Aceh district, who want to appear in politics and to become ruler is still zero percent. Keywords: Gender Relations, Communications, Public Speaking, Private Speaking

scholarly journals Group Behavior Learning in Multi-Agent Systems Based on Social Interaction Among Agents

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 896-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
◽  
Yoichiro Maeda ◽  
Yasutake Takahashi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
State Of The Environment

Research on multi-agent systems, in which autonomous agents are able to learn cooperative behavior, has been the subject of rising expectations in recent years. We have aimed at the group behavior generation of the multi-agents who have high levels of autonomous learning ability, like that of human beings, through social interaction between agents to acquire cooperative behavior. The sharing of environment states can improve cooperative ability, and the changing state of the environment in the information shared by agents will improve agents’ cooperative ability. On this basis, we use reward redistribution among agents to reinforce group behavior, and we propose a method of constructing a multi-agent system with an autonomous group creation ability. This is able to strengthen the cooperative behavior of the group as social agents.

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERWAWASAN KEARIFAN LINGKUNGAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR: Dasar, Signifikansi dan Implementasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-43
Author(s):  
Syamsul Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
School Students ◽  
Implementation Problem ◽  
Education Needs ◽  
And Behavior

If we agreed that human beings and their thoughts are the products of an educational process that they obtain, it can be said that the nature and behavior of humans that damage the environment are caused by the education that they got less optimal in strengthenig environmental wisdom. Because of that the lesson of Islamic Education should be able to be optimally given early for children, such as children of primary school. Environmental-oriented of Islamic Education needs to be given to students such as teaching them about the importance of caring for and preserving the environment and its functions. The focus of this paper is conceptual discussion of environmental oriented Islamic education in elementary schools concerning the basis, significance and implementation. Problem that want to be revealed through this paper: First, in Islam, what underlies the importance of Islamic education with environmental wisdom given to elementary school students? Second, why does Islam strongly emphasize the importance of strengthening environmental wisdom through Islamic education? Third, how should Islamic education with environmental wisdom given to elementary school students?

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS ADAB DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Khubni Maghfirotun ◽  
Eka Nur Mahzumah
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
Religious Concept ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

The morality / character of the nation's students has collapsed. This is marked by the rise of bullying, child anarchism, mass contests, free sex and so on. Seeing the importance of the role of etiquette in human life, the education world should think more seriously about the concept of planting etiquette in its students, so that the introduction and cultivation of etiquette must begin at an early age. Rasulullah SAW has taught that the example is the main factor of success in educating children. Exemplary is also the best method in children's education, especially in the early childhood period. On this basis the research formulated the formulation of the problem namely (1) How is the concept of Adab in SDI Ar-Roudloh Miru? (2) How is the Implementation of Adab Based Education in SDI Ar-Roudloh Miru-Sekaran-Lamongan? This study uses qualitative research and case studies as its research design. Research subjects in this study were students at SDI Ar-Roudloh. Data collection techniques used were observation, semistructural interviews and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The data checking technique uses triangulation techniques. The results of this study include: (1) the formation of students' character at SDI Ar Roudloh is with the Applicative Religious concept. This is evidenced by the existence of Boarding School since students go up to fourth grade. This is expected to be more intensive in applying civilized values ​​that are prioritized by the institution. The etiquette values ​​emphasized and prioritized at SDI Ar Roudloh in this case are divided into three aspects namely; Judging from the pattern of attitudes and behavior to God, patterns of behavior to fellow human beings, patterns of behavior to nature. (2) in implementing civilized education for the formation of students' character by applying the religious concept with the details of the sub-chapters above, there are several stages in order to obtain maximum results, before implementing and informing the values ​​of civilized education to students. In this case the researcher classifies into three stages; first; Socialization, second; Implementation and third; Evaluation.  

The Sphere of the Human

2019 ◽  
pp. 267-322
Author(s):  
Helmuth Plessner ◽  
J. M. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Psychological Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Forms Of Life ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Way

“Centric positionality” is a form of organism-environment relation exhibited by animal forms of life. Human life is characterized not only by centric but also by excentric positionality—that is, the ability to take a position beyond the boundary of one’s own body. Excentric positionality is manifest in: the inner, psychological experience of human beings; the outer, physical being of their bodies and behavior; and the shared, intersubjective world that includes other human beings and is the basis of culture. In each of these three worlds, there is a duality symptomatic of excentric positionality. Three laws characterize excentric positionality: natural artificiality, or the natural need of humans for artificial supplements; mediated immediacy, or the way that contact with the world in human activity, experience, and expression is both transcendent and immanent, both putting humans directly in touch with things and keeping them at a distance; and the utopian standpoint, according to which humans can always take a critical or “negative” position regarding the contents of their experience or their life.

scholarly journals Multiagent System for Mutual Collaboration Classification for Cancer Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mais Haj Qasem ◽  
Amjad Hudaib ◽  
Nadim Obeid
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Multiagent System ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Distributed Clustering ◽  
Classification Tasks ◽  
Communication And Coordination ◽  
Prediction Techniques ◽  
Distributed Classification ◽  
And Behavior

A multiagent system (MAS) is a mechanism for creating goal-oriented autonomous agents in shared environments with communication and coordination facilities. Distributed data mining benefits from this goal-oriented mechanism by implementing various distributed clustering, classification, and prediction techniques. Hence, this study developed a novel multiagent model for distributed classification tasks in cancer detection with the collaboration of several hospitals worldwide using different classifier algorithms. A hospital agent requests help from other agents for instances that are difficult to classify locally. The agents communicate their beliefs (calculated classification), and others decide on the benefit of using such beliefs in classifying instances and adjusting their prior assumptions on each class of data. A MAS model state and behavior and communication are then developed to facilitate information sharing among agents. Regarding accuracy, implementing the proposed approach in comparison with typically different noncommunicated distributed classifications shows that sharable information considerably increases the classification task accuracy by 25.77%.

scholarly journals A Survey of Epithelial Odontogenic Tumors and Cysts in Dogs and Cats

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Poulet ◽  
B. A. Valentine ◽  
B. A. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Odontogenic Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Histologic Study ◽  
Ameloblastic Fibroma ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Behavior

A retrospective histologic study of 12 canine and eight feline epithelial odontogenic tumors and cysts was conducted from oral masses ( n = 3,917) obtained between 1980 and 1990. No sex or breed predilection was identified. Ameloblastoma was observed in two dogs (case Nos. 1, 2) 6 and 8 months of age. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors were seen in a dog (case No. 3) and in two cats (case Nos. 4, 5) between 8 and 16 years of age. Ameloblastic fibroma (or fibroameloblastoma) was observed in cats (case Nos. 6–10) only. Inductive fibroameloblastoma was observed in four cats (case Nos. 6–9) up to 1 year of age, whereas ameloblastic fibroma was seen in a 14-year-old cat (case No. 10). A single ameloblastic odontoma was identified in a 20-month-old dog (case No. 11). Two complex odontomas occurred in a 6-month-old (case No. 12) and a 4-year-old (case No. 13) dog. Odontogenic cysts were identified in five dogs (case Nos. 14–18) aged 4.5 months to 16 years and in a 1-year-old cat (case No. 19) and have not been previously reported in these species. These cysts were lined by a stratified epithelium reminiscent of the appearance of ameloblastic epithelium. An odontogenic keratocyst with prominent central parakeratotic keratinization was identified in one 9-year-old female dog (case No. 20). Almost all epithelial odontogenic tumors were circumscribed, benign tumors that warranted a good prognosis for survival, although local recurrence may have followed (or may follow) incomplete excision. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors may be locally invasive. Of six odontogenic cysts (case Nos. 14–19), two (case Nos. 15, 18) gave rise to basi-squamous carcinomas. The classification and behavior of epithelial odontogenic tumors and cysts in human beings, dogs, and cats are discussed.

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