scholarly journals Stressing State Analysis of CFST Arch Supports in Deep Roadway Based on NSF Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen ◽  
Huang ◽  
Yang ◽  
Shi ◽  
Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Steel Tube ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
Damage Development ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Measured Strain ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Arch Supports

This paper experimentally analyzes the working behavior characteristics of five concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) arch supports in deep roadway based on the numerical shape function (NSF) method and structural stressing state theory. First, the measured strain data are expanded by the NSF method and modeled as generalized strain energy density (GSED) to characterize the stressing state of the supports. Then, one of the supports is taken as an example and the Mann-Kendall (M-K) criterion is adopted to detect the mutation characteristics of the support, which derives the new definition of structural failure load. Correspondingly, the stressing state modes as well as strain and stress fields for the support are proposed to verify their mutation characteristics. Finally, the common and different characteristics of stressing state, damage development and internal forces for different supports are also summarized. The analytical results of the supports explore a new analysis method for underground structures and the unseen knowledge provides a reference to more rational future design.

scholarly journals Stressing State Analysis of an Integral Abutment Curved Box-Girder Bridge Model

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Jiyang Shen ◽  
Xiaohui Yu ◽  
Junran Liu ◽  
Guangchun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Load ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Structural Failure ◽  
Integral Abutment ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Bridge Model ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Behavior Characteristics

This paper experimentally investigates the working behavior characteristics of an integral abutment curved box-girder (IACBG) bridge model based on the structural stressing state theory. First, the stressing state of the bridge model is represented by generalized strain energy density (GSED) values at each load Fj and characterized by the normalized GSED sum Ej,norm. Then, the Mann-Kendall (M-K) criterion is adopted to detect the stressing state mutations of the bridge model from Ej,norm-Fj curve in order to achieve the new definition of structural failure load. Correspondingly, the stressing state modes for the bridge model’s sections and internal forces are reached in order to investigate their variation characteristics and the coordinated working behavior around the updated failure load. The unseen knowledge is revealed by studying working behavior characteristics of the bridge model. Therefore, the analytical results could provide a new structural analysis method, which updates the definition of the existing structural failure load and provides a reference for future design of the bridges.

scholarly journals AN INVESTIGATION INTO WORKING BEHAVIOR CHARACTERISTICS OF PARABOLIC CFST ARCHES APPLYING STRUCTURAL STRESSING STATE THEORY

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Kangkang Yang ◽  
Kaikai Zheng ◽  
Jiyang Shen ◽  
Guangchun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Failure Load ◽  
Shape Function ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
State Theory ◽  
State Change ◽  
Strain Data ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Behavior Characteristics

This paper conducts the experimental and simulative analysis of stressing state characteristics for parabolic concretefilled steel tubular (CFST) arches undergoing vertical loads. The measured stain data is firstly modeled as the generalized strain energy density (GSED) to describe structural stressing state mode. Then, the normalized GSED sum Ej,norm at each load Fj derives the Ej,norm-Fj curve reflecting the stressing state characteristics of CFST arches. Furthermore, the Mann-Kendall criterion is adopted to detect the stressing state change of the CFST arch during its load-bearing process, leading to the revelation of a vital stressing state leap characteristic according to the natural law from quantitative change to qualitative change of a system. The revealed qualitative leap characteristic updates the existing definition of the CFST arch’s failure load. Finally, the accurate formula is derived to predict the failure/ultimate loads of CFST arches. Besides, a method of numerical shape function is proposed to expand the limited strain data for further analysis of the stressing state submodes. The GSED-based analysis of structural stressing state opens a new way to recognize the unseen working behavior characteristics of arch structures and the updated failure load could contribute to the improvement on the structural design codes.

Smartness, City Efficiency, and Entrepreneurship Milieu

2017 ◽  
pp. 173-198
Author(s):  
Luigi Mundula ◽  
Sabrina Auci
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Approach ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Adjustment Mechanism ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Virtuous Cycle ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics

The definition of smart city and its measurement are not shared. Different characteristics define a city as smart, which is strictly linked to urban efficiency and to entrepreneurship spirit in a multifaceted way as well as to citizens' well-being. On the basis of the comparison between city and entrepreneur behaviour and on the definition of Giffinger et al. (2007) of smart city, this chapter verifies the efficiency of a sample of European cities using a stochastic frontier approach. Departing from this analysis, the chapter develops the relative smartness definition based on the efficient use of its own resources and related to the different context. Moreover, as a city becomes close to the optimal value, the frontier will shift upward because of the more attractiveness and a new adjustment mechanism should be followed to become efficient again (virtuous cycle). Then, the concept of smartness becomes dynamic. This definition, taking into account city's performance, is able to sustain the entrepreneurship milieu of a city.

Ethics and law in Kant’s views: the principle of complementarity

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-664
Author(s):  
Tetiana Pavlova ◽  
Elena Zarutska ◽  
Roman Pavlov ◽  
Oleksandra Kolomoichenko
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Categorical Imperative ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Principle Of Complementarity

Purpose The purpose of this study is to consider the complementarity of ethics and law with regard to the problem of their common existence in society through the identification of common and different characteristics in the philosophy of I. Kant. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on the observation that in modern society ethics and law remain the main social regulators and their co-existence requires the definition of their interaction and complementarity. Also, as this problem is closely related to issues of freedom and obligation, it is necessary to show their role in ethics and law. Findings The results show that the complementarity of ethics and law is due to the obligation that unites them, and the categorical imperative is the only postulate of ethics and the rights to execute, which allows a person to always remain worthy of his name. Ethics also has the meaning of legal capacity, and law means the recognition of people moral independence by public authorities. Thus, the law must protect a person not only from arbitrariness on the part of other people but also from the state power. Originality/value This paper uses a philosophical approach, the utility of which is that ethics and law are studied as elements of normative regulation system of the society in terms of the phenomenal and noumenal nature of a man. It is proposed to consider ethics and law not only as different social regulators, which have their own specifics but also as complementary elements of a single social being, which should exist together and not attempt to substitute one another.

scholarly journals A Framework for Automatic Behavior Generation in Multi-Function Swarms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sondre A. Engebraaten ◽  
Jonas Moen ◽  
Oleg A. Yakimenko ◽  
Kyrre Glette
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Moderate Number ◽  
Automatic Behavior ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Tasks ◽  
Behavior Characteristics ◽  
Different Characteristics

Multi-function swarms are swarms that solve multiple tasks at once. For example, a quadcopter swarm could be tasked with exploring an area of interest while simultaneously functioning as ad-hoc relays. With this type of multi-function comes the challenge of handling potentially conflicting requirements simultaneously. Using the Quality-Diversity algorithm MAP-elites in combination with a suitable controller structure, a framework for automatic behavior generation in multi-function swarms is proposed. The framework is tested on a scenario with three simultaneous tasks: exploration, communication network creation and geolocation of Radio Frequency (RF) emitters. A repertoire is evolved, consisting of a wide range of controllers, or behavior primitives, with different characteristics and trade-offs in the different tasks. This repertoire enables the swarm to online transition between behaviors featuring different trade-offs of applications depending on the situational requirements. Furthermore, the effect of noise on the behavior characteristics in MAP-elites is investigated. A moderate number of re-evaluations is found to increase the robustness while keeping the computational requirements relatively low. A few selected controllers are examined, and the dynamics of transitioning between these controllers are explored. Finally, the study investigates the importance of individual sensor or controller inputs. This is done through ablation, where individual inputs are disabled and their impact on the performance of the swarm controllers is assessed and analyzed.

Histories of Design Pedagogy Virtual Special Issue for the Journal of Design History 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. e1-e24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Oppenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Design History ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Design Pedagogy ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Practice Elements ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Interdisciplinary Scholarship ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract ‘Histories of Design Pedagogy’ gathers material from across three decades of the Journal of Design History to juxtapose distinct investigations into design education across various geographies, contexts, relationships and methodological concerns. By isolating three overarching themes to structure twelve articles, this introduction also makes an argument towards future design pedagogy, suggesting an Urmodell, or master plan, of elements in design pedagogy that is informed by key issues debated by and through the articles presented. ‘Design Systems and Projects’ addresses the meaning and concept of design, relationships between education and industry, and design training networks. ‘Ethics and Methods’ advocates greater attention to the identities, subjectivities and roles of the designer and of the user as stakeholders in a designed system, the increasing role of research in design practice, elements that affect practice from global design to emerging technologies, and object collections research. The final theme, ‘Critical Histories and Theories’, looks to changes in design history and design studies to inform interdisciplinary scholarship and the future of design practice. Tensions over proportions, boundaries and structures are addressed by this Urmodell, but in the preferred definition of modelling as a mediator, it exists here as a malleable framework over a steadfast solution.

scholarly journals Leasing: Genesis, Definitions, Classification

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Havryliuk
Keyword(s):  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics

The historical aspects of the development of leasing have been thoroughly researched in the economic literature, however, scientists have divergent views on the interpretation of some positions on these issues. Insufficient definition of the concept of leasing and blurring of its classification adversely affects the participants of the leasing relations that interact with each other, so the specified direction of the study requires clear specification to avoid duplication of concepts, which confirms the relevance and purpose of the topic. The article analyzes the historical aspects of the development of leasing, the content, value and objective causes of the leasing relationship. The scientific substantiation of modern approaches to the interpretation of the term "leasing" has been formed. The scientific views and approaches to the classification of types of leasing according to different characteristics are investigated, as well as its features and disadvantages. The prospects for a well-functioning financial intermediation in the form of leasing are related to a number of problems. In particular, the research requires the definition of leasing, as well as the formulation of a clear classification based on the fundamental differences and features of each type of leasing

scholarly journals THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DOWRY REGULATIONS IN INDONESIA AND MOROCCO LEGISLATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-232
Author(s):  
Ali Trigiyatno
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Different Characteristics

This article compares dowry regulations in Indonesia and Morocco. Bearing in mind that Indonesia and Morocco have different characteristics in dowry matter, the regulations are worth comparing for. As understood in Islamic marriages, dowry is an important obligation and must be fulfilled by the bridegroom for the bride. Normative Islamic teaching advocates for dowry that is simple and reasonable, but in practice, sometimes dowry becomes expensive and difficult to be given, and thus, causing unfavorable effects. In addition, dowry also has the potentials to be subjected to disputes between husband and wife if not regulated by legislation in details. The author uses a comparative study of law guided by a normative approach through library research. The main source is the statutes of two countries. Analysis technique used is content analysis. As a result, it is found that with different backgrounds of fiqh school in Indonesia and Morroco-one being strongly influenced by Shāfi‘ī school and the other is influenced by Mālikī school-have similar rules on dowry. The only significant difference is that the Mālikī School and its legislation in Morocco considers dowry as a marriage pillar. Meanwhile, the Shāfi‘ī school and its legislation in Indonesia, even though the dowry is regarded as compulsory, it does not become a condition or a marriage pillar. Other differences are the definition of dowry, regulation of wife’s luggage, lost dowry, defective dowry, introduction of mithil dowry, regulation of dowry disputes before entering the household, and regulation of furniture disputes other than the wife’s luggage.

scholarly journals SOCIO-POLITICAL VIEWS OF TURKISH THINKERS AS A BASIS OF RELATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-251
Author(s):  
R. Kulakhmetova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Indirect Communication ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Future ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses the fact that when studying the content, nature and types of modern relations, ignorance of the main historical stages of their development leads to many difficulties. The main goal of the author is to determine the foundations of indirect communication between people according to the views expressed in the works of the thinkers of the Turkic world and Kazakh scientists. The article considers the scientist as a developer of new knowledge that unites the past and the future, revives the material and spiritual culture, and analyzes his individuality, assessing the period after his death. Determine its impact on the work of the next generation of scientists; A scientist has three different characteristics: the definition of the field in which his scientific work is applied in practice, and the relationship of his scientific heritage at different stages. As a result, the future creativity of the scientist will be assessed. In this regard, the works of al-Farabi, J. Balasagun, K.A. Yassaui, M. Kashgari, A. Yu. Yugnaki, S. Bakyrgani, M. Kh. Dulati are analyzed.

A shape grammar for the building-type definition of the ancient Greek and Roman library and the evaluation of library plans

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-206
Author(s):  
Myrsini Mamoli
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Shape Grammar ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Building Type ◽  
Type Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Vast Range

AbstractThis paper presents in detail a parametric shape grammar for the generation of ancient Greek and Roman library plans. Ancient Libraries showcase a significant variability of scale, monumentality, and design with the use of different architectural components, and researchers cannot identify them as easily as other building types. The grammar is in 2D and captures all the variability of libraries from the simpler forms of the Hellenistic period to the more monumental of the Roman period, creating a vast range of designs. The paper presents the grammar-generated plans of the known libraries based on the evidence in the archaeological record. A frequency analysis of the occurrence of the rules in the derivations ranks the different characteristics of libraries and the architectural forms with which they occur in the corpus, to determine the probability of specific rules and to interpret them as mandatory or optional. The contribution of this work is that the shape grammar summarizes the design principles of ancient libraries visually and helps establish the building type of the ancient library. The frequency analysis assists tremendously in the reconstruction of fragmentarily preserved ancient libraries by providing a system in the reconstruction of the missing parts, when ambiguity is involved.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document