scholarly journals DNA Based and Stimuli-Responsive Smart Nanocarrier for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer: Applications and Challenges

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3396
Author(s):  
Fakhara Sabir ◽  
Mahira Zeeshan ◽  
Ushna Laraib ◽  
Mahmood Barani ◽  
Abbas Rahdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Dna Nanostructure ◽  
Treatment And Diagnosis ◽  
Final Disposition

The rapid development of multidrug co-delivery and nano-medicines has made spontaneous progress in tumor treatment and diagnosis. DNA is a unique biological molecule that can be tailored and molded into various nanostructures. The addition of ligands or stimuli-responsive elements enables DNA nanostructures to mediate highly targeted drug delivery to the cancer cells. Smart DNA nanostructures, owing to their various shapes, sizes, geometry, sequences, and characteristics, have various modes of cellular internalization and final disposition. On the other hand, functionalized DNA nanocarriers have specific receptor-mediated uptake, and most of these ligand anchored nanostructures able to escape lysosomal degradation. DNA-based and stimuli responsive nano-carrier systems are the latest advancement in cancer targeting. The data exploration from various studies demonstrated that the DNA nanostructure and stimuli responsive drug delivery systems are perfect tools to overcome the problems existing in the cancer treatment including toxicity and compromised drug efficacy. In this light, the review summarized the insights about various types of DNA nanostructures and stimuli responsive nanocarrier systems applications for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

scholarly journals Loading of DOX into a tetrahedron DNA nanostructure: The corner does matter

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Xu ◽  
Shu-wei Huang ◽  
Yu-qiang Ma ◽  
Hong-ming Ding
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Dna Nanostructure ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, various DNA nanostructures have been synthesized and widely used in the drug delivery. However, the underlying mechanisms of drug molecules loading into the DNA...

scholarly journals FOLDNA, a Web Server for Self-Assembled DNA Nanostructure Autoscaffolds and Autostaples

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chensheng Zhou ◽  
Heng Luo ◽  
Xiaolu Feng ◽  
Xingwang Li ◽  
Jie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Web Server ◽  
Automatic Design ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Complementary Dna ◽  
Dna Nanostructure ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Self Assembled

DNA self-assembly is a nanotechnology that folds DNA into desired shapes. Self-assembled DNA nanostructures, also known as origami, are increasingly valuable in nanomaterial and biosensing applications. Two ways to use DNA nanostructures in medicine are to form nanoarrays, and to work as vehicles in drug delivery. The DNA nanostructures perform well as a biomaterial in these areas because they have spatially addressable and size controllable properties. However, manually designing complementary DNA sequences for self-assembly is a technically demanding and time consuming task, which makes it advantageous for computers to do this job instead. We have developed a web server, FOLDNA, which can automatically design 2D self-assembled DNA nanostructures according to custom pictures and scaffold sequences provided by the users. It is the first web server to provide an entirely automatic design of self-assembled DNA nanostructure, and it takes merely a second to generate comprehensive information for molecular experiments including: scaffold DNA pathways, staple DNA directions, and staple DNA sequences. This program could save as much as several hours in the designing step for each DNA nanostructure. We randomly selected some shapes and corresponding outputs from our server and validated its performance in molecular experiments.

scholarly journals Cation-responsive and photocleavable hydrogels from non-canonical amphiphilic DNA nanostructures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Fabrini ◽  
Aisling Minard ◽  
Ryan A. Brady ◽  
Marco Di Antonio ◽  
Lorenzo Di Michele
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Hydrogel Particles ◽  
G Quadruplex ◽  
And Control

Thanks to its biocompatibility, versatility and programmable interactions, DNA has been proposed as a building block for functional, stimuli-responsive frameworks with applications in biosensing, tissue engineering and drug delivery. Of particular importance for in vivo applications is the possibility of making such nano-materials responsive to physiological stimuli. Here we demonstrate how combining noncanonical DNA G-quadruplex (G4) structures with amphiphilic DNA constructs yields nanostructures, which we termed "Quad-Stars", capable of assembling into responsive hydrogel particles via a straightforward, enzyme-free, one-pot reaction. The embedded G4 structures allow one to trigger and control the assembly/disassembly in a reversible fashion by adding or removing K+ ions. Furthermore, the hydrogel aggregates can be photodisassembled upon near-UV irradiation in the presence of a porphyrin photosensitiser. The combined reversibility of assembly, responsiveness and cargo-loading capabilities of the hydrophobic moieties make Quad-Stars a promising candidate for biosensors and responsive drug delivery carriers.

scholarly journals DNA nanostructures for stimuli-responsive drug delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Yanfei Liu ◽  
Qing Wu ◽  
Beibei Lou ◽  
Zhenbao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Stimuli Responsive

scholarly journals Ultrasound exposure enhances cellular uptake of nanoscale cargos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kahkashan Bansal ◽  
Anjali Rajwar ◽  
Himanshu Shekhar ◽  
Dhiraj Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Propidium Iodide ◽  
Dna Nanotechnology ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Ultrasound Exposure ◽  
Dna Nanostructure ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
Further Development

DNA nanotechnology utilizes DNA as a structural molecule to design palette of nanostructures with different shapes and sizes. DNA nanocages have demonstrated significant potential for drug delivery. Therefore, enhancing the delivery of DNA nanocages into cells can improve their efficacy as drug delivery agents. Numerous studies have reported the effects of ultrasound for enhancing drug delivery across biological barriers. The mechanical bioeffects caused by cell-ultrasound interaction can cause sonoporation, leading to enhanced uptake of drugs, nanoparticles, and chemotherapeutic agents through membranes. Whether ultrasound exposure can enhance the delivery of DNA nanocages has not been explored, which is the focus of this study. Specifically, we investigated the effects of ultrasound on the cellular uptake of propidium Iodide, fluorescent dextrans, and DNA nanostructures). We provide evidence of modulation of pore formation in the cell membrane by ultrasound by studying the intracellular uptake of the impermeable dye, propidium iodide. Treatment of cells with low amplitudes of ultrasound enhanced the uptake of different sizes of dextrans and DNA based nanodevices. These findings could serve as the foundation for further development ultrasound-enabled DNA nanostructure delivery and for specific understanding of underlying biological mechanisms of interaction between ultrasound parameters and cellular components; the knowledge that can be further explored for potential biological and biomedical applications.

Advances in DNA Nanostructure-Based Smart Drug Delivery Systems

Nano LIFE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 1730001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingjie Hu ◽  
Zejun Wang ◽  
Chunhai Fan ◽  
Haiyun Song
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Dna Nanotechnology ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Cellular Delivery ◽  
Nanoscale Systems ◽  
Dna Nanostructure

Highly specific deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base-pairing not only carries genetic information, but also provides the basis for self-assembly of novel nanostructures with programmable shapes and sizes. Unlike single-stranded and double-stranded DNA, DNA nanostructures exhibit good cellular permeability. They also have characteristics of uniform size, easy functionalization, precise addressability, excellent water solubility and high biocompatibility. Due to their unique properties, these tailored molecular devices are ideal nanoscale systems for targeting cells and triggering cellular responses. Recent progress in the field of DNA nanotechnology has demonstrated effectiveness and advantages of DNA nanostructures as smart and targeted drug delivery systems or imaging agents within living organisms. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in structure design, cargo loading and cellular delivery of DNA nanocarriers, and discuss their potential in therapeutic applications.

Atherosclerosis and Nanomedicine Potential: Current Advances and Future Opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (21) ◽  
pp. 3534-3554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Jiang ◽  
Yunqi Zhu ◽  
Changyang Gong ◽  
Xin Wei
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Antiinflammatory Therapy ◽  
Limited Efficacy ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities

Atherosclerosis is the leading inducement of cardiovascular diseases, which ranks the first cause of global deaths. It is an arterial disease associated with dyslipidemia and changes in the composition of the vascular wall. Besides invasive surgical strategy, the current conservative clinical treatment for atherosclerosis falls into two categories, lipid regulating-based therapy and antiinflammatory therapy. However, the existing strategies based on conventional drug delivery systems have shown limited efficacy against disease development and plenty of side effects. Nanomedicine has great potential in the development of targeted therapy, controlled drug delivery and release, the design of novel specific drugs and diagnostic modalities, and biocompatible scaffolds with multifunctional characteristics, which has led to an evolution in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. This paper will focus on the latest nanomedicine strategies for atherosclerosis diagnosis and treatment as well as discussing the potential therapeutic targets during atherosclerosis progress, which could form the basis of development of novel nanoplatform against atherosclerosis.

The Smart Dual-Stimuli Responsive Nanoparticles for Controlled AntiTumor Drug Release and Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Wu ◽  
Fei Qiu ◽  
Siew Anthony Wai-Keong ◽  
Yong Diao
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Excellent Control

Background: In recent years, the emergence of stimuli-responsive nanoparticles makes drug delivery more efficient. As an intelligent and effective targeted delivery platform, it can reduce the side effects generated during drug transportation while enhancing the treatment efficacy. The stimuli-responsive nanoparticles can respond to different stimuli at corresponding times and locations to deliver and release their drugs and associated therapeutic effects. Objective: This review aims to inform researchers on the latest advances in the application of dual-stimuli responsive nanoparticles in precise drug delivery, with special attention to their design, drug release properties, and therapeutic effects. Syntheses of nanoparticles with simultaneous or sequential responses to two or more stimuli (pH-redox, pH-light, redoxlight, temperature-magnetic, pH-redox-temperature, redox-enzyme-light, etc.) and the applications of such responsivity properties for drugs control and release have become a hot topic of recent research. Methods: A database of relevant information for the production of this review was sourced, screened and analyzed from Pubmed, Web of Science, SciFinder by searching for the following keywords: “dual-stimuli responsive”, “controlled release”, “cancer therapy”, “synergistic treatment”. Results: Notably, the nanoparticles with dual-stimuli responsive function have an excellent control effect on drug delivery and release, playing a crucial part in the treatment of tumors. They can improve the encapsulation and delivery efficiency of hydrophobic chemotherapy drugs, combine chemo-photothermal therapies, apply imaging function in the diagnosis of tumors and even conduct multi-drugs delivery to overcome multi-drugs resistance (MDR). Conclusion: With the development of smart dual-stimuli responsive nanoparticles, cancer treatment methods will become more diverse and effective. All the stimuli-responsive nanoparticles functionalities exhibited their characteristics individually within the single nanosystem.

Advanced Hydrogels Based Drug Delivery Systems for Ophthalmic Delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srividya Gorantla ◽  
Tejashree Waghule ◽  
Vamshi Krishna Rapalli ◽  
Prem Prakash Singh ◽  
Sunil Kumar Dubey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aqueous Gels ◽  
Ophthalmic Delivery ◽  
3D Printed

Hydrogels are aqueous gels composed of cross-linked networks of hydrophilic polymers. Stimuli-responsive based hydrogels have gained focus over the past 20 years for treating ophthalmic diseases. Different stimuli-responsive mechanisms are involved in forming polymer hydrogel networks, including change in temperature, pH, ions, and others including light, thrombin, pressure, antigen, and glucose-responsive. Incorporation of nanocarriers with these smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems that can extend the duration of action by increasing ocular bioavailability and reducing the dosing frequency. This review will focus on the hydrogel drug delivery systems highlighting the gelling mechanisms and emerging stimuli-responsive hydrogels from preformed gels, nanogels, and the role of advanced 3D printed hydrogels in vision-threatening diseases like age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. It also provides insight into the limitations of hydrogels along with the safety and biocompatibility of the hydrogel drug delivery systems.

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