scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Effects of a Compound Based on Plants, Yeast and Trace Elements on the Ruminal Function of Dairy Cows

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-555
Author(s):  
Francoise Lessire ◽  
Sandra Point ◽  
Anca-Lucia Laza Knoerr ◽  
Isabelle Dufrasne
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Plant Mixture

The high production levels reached by the dairy sector need adjustment in nutritional inputs and efficient feed conversion. In this context, we evaluated a compound (QY—Qualix Yellow) combining optimized inputs in trace elements and 20% MIX 3.0. In a first step, the effects of MIX 3.0 on ruminal function were assessed in vitro by incubating ruminal fluid with the mixture at a ratio of 20:1. The results obtained encouraged us to test QY in vivo, on a herd of dairy cows. The herd was divided into one group of 19 dairy cows receiving the compound and a control group of 20 animals conducted in the same conditions, but which did not received the compound; the production performance and feed efficiency of the two groups were compared. In vitro experiments showed improved digestion of acid and neutral detergent fibres by 10%. The propionate production was enhanced by 14.5% after 6 h incubation with MIX 3.0. The plant mixture decreased the production of methane and ammonia by 37% and 52%, respectively, and reduced the number of protozoa by 50%. An increase in milk yield by 2.4 kg/cow/d (p < 0.1), combined with a decrease in concentrate consumption of 0.27 kg DM/cow/d (p < 0.001), was observed in vivo after consumption of the compound. Sixty-six days after the beginning of the trial, methane emissions per kg of milk were significantly lower in the group receiving QY. In conclusion, MIX 3.0 induced change in ruminal function in vitro and, when it entered into the composition of the QY, it appeared to improve feed efficiency and production performance in vivo.

Effect of Arecoline on Regeneration of Injured Peripheral Nerves

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (04) ◽  
pp. 865-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Chi Lee ◽  
Chin-Chuan Tsai ◽  
Chun-Hsu Yao ◽  
Yuan-Man Hsu ◽  
Yueh-Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

The present study provides in vitro and in vivo evaluation of arecoline on peripheral nerve regeneration. In the in vitro study, we found that arecoline at 50 μg/ml could significantly promote the survival and outgrowth of cultured Schwann cells as compared to the controls treated with culture medium only. In the in vivo study, we evaluated peripheral nerve regeneration across a 10-mm gap in the sciatic nerve of the rat, using a silicone rubber nerve chamber filled with the arecoline solution. In the control group, the chambers were filled with normal saline only. At the end of the fourth week, morphometric data revealed that the arecoline-treated group at 5 μg/ml significantly increased the number and the density of myelinated axons as compared to the controls. Immunohistochemical staining in the arecoline-treated animals at 5 μg/ml also showed their neural cells in the L4 and L5 dorsal root ganglia ipsilateral to the injury were strongly retrograde-labeled with fluorogold and lamina I–II regions in the dorsal horn ipsilateral to the injury were significantly calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunolabeled compared with the controls. In addition, we found that the number of macrophages recruited in the distal sciatic nerve was increased as the concentration of arecoline was increased. Electrophysiological measurements showed the arecoline-treated groups at 5 and 50 μg/ml had a relatively larger nerve conductive velocity of the evoked muscle action potentials compared to the controls. These results indicate that arecoline could stimulate local inflammatory conditions, improving the recovery of a severe peripheral nerve injury.

scholarly journals Wound Healing: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of a Bio-Functionalized Scaffold Based on Hyaluronic Acid and Platelet-Rich Plasma in Chronic Ulcers

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara De Angelis ◽  
Margarida Fernandes Lopes Morais D’Autilio ◽  
Fabrizio Orlandi ◽  
Giampiero Pepe ◽  
Simone Garcovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Skin Grafting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Chronic Ulcers

Chronic ulcers are characterized by loss of substance without a normal tendency towards spontaneous healing. The Wound Bed Preparation Guideline advises that after diagnosis, the expert should correct the biological state of the ulcer micro-environment based on TIME principles (Tissue, Infection, Moisture balance, Epidermal). There are many ways to treat such ulcers, for example through use of advanced dressings, negative pressure, surgical toilets, dermal substitutes, autologous skin grafting, and free or local flaps. In vitro and in vivo pre-clinical models hold widely acknowledged potential yet complex limitations. Tissue bioengineering could be an ideal approach to foster innovative strategies in wound healing. Our observational study reports on an in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a bio-functionalized scaffold composed of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) used in 182 patients affected by chronic ulcers (diabetic and vascular), comparing the results with a control group of 182 patients treated with traditional dressings (HA alone). After 30 days the patients who had undergone the combined treatment (PRP + HA), showed 96.8% ± 1.5% re-epithelialization, as compared to 78.4% ± 4.4% in the control group (HA only). Within 80 days, they had 98.4% ± 1.3% re-epithelialization as compared to 87.8% ± 4.1% in the control group (HA only; p < 0.05). No local recurrence was observed during the follow-up period. PRP + HA treatment showed stronger regenerative potential in terms of epidermal proliferation and dermal renewal compared with HA alone.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Titanium Surface Modification for Biological Aging by Electrolytic Reducing Ionic Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahito MIKI ◽  
Tomonori MATSUNO ◽  
Yoshiya HASHIMOTO ◽  
Akiko MIYAKE ◽  
Takafumi SATOMI
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Control ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
S 100

In this study, using electrolytic reducing ionic water (S-100®), a novel surface treatment method safely and easily modifying the surface properties was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Ti-6Al-4V disks were washed and the disks were kept standing on a clean bench for one and four weeks for aging. These disks were immersed in S-100® (S-100 group), immersed in ultra-pure water (Control group), or irradiated with ultraviolet light (UV group), and surface analysis, cell experiment, and animal experiment were performed using these disks. The titanium surface became hydrophilic in the S-100 group and the amount of protein adsorption and cell adhesion rate were improved in vitro. In vivo, new bone formation was noted around the disk. These findings suggested that surface treatment with S-100® adds bioactivity to the biologically aged titanium surface. We are planning to further investigate it and accumulate evidence for clinical application.

Effect of Bacillus Subtilis Protease on Growth, Production Performance and Feed Efficiency of Silkworm, Bombyx Mori L

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linghong Sun ◽  
Anam Khalid ◽  
Fatima Khalid ◽  
Zaigui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Crude Lipid

Abstract Background:The effects of Bacillus subtilis protease on the silkworm (Bombyxmori L) production performance and feed efficiency were investigated. 2250 silkworms were randomly divided into two groups, the test group and the control group, each group had three replicates. A certain concentration of protease was sprayed to the mulberry leaves of the test group, while equal volume of deionized water was sprayed to the control group. Test diets were fed in three phases: 3rd instar, 4th instar and 5th instar larval stage.Results: The results demonstrated that: (i) final weight (FW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake(ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in 4th and 5th larval instar, (ii) midgut protease activity, crude protein digestibility (CPD), crude fiber digestibility (CFD) and cocoon shell conversion rate (CSCR) (iii) the total number of bad cocoons,coarse cocoon, average pupa weight (APW), average cocoon shell weight (ACSW) and average cocoon weight (ACW) were extremely significantly higher (P<0.01) in test group as compared to control group. While, (i) the digestibility of crude lipid (EED) and (ii) the fly larvae cocoons in test group were higher significantly (P<0.05) than that of the control group. Conclusion:These results indicated that the B. subtilis protease could enhance the silkworm growth performance, feed efficiency and the cocoon quality of silkworm.

Development and Evaluation of Motion-activated System for Improved Chest Drainage: Bench, In Vivo Results, and Pilot Clinical Use of Technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 155335062092757
Author(s):  
Jamshid H. Karimov ◽  
Raymond Dessoffy ◽  
Kiyotaka Fukamachi ◽  
Shinji Okano ◽  
Laura Idzior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Tube ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate a motion-activated system (MAS) that applies motion-activated energy (vibration) to prevent chest tube clogging and maintain tube patency. We performed chest tube blood flow analysis in vitro, studied MAS effects on intraluminal clot deposition in vivo, and conducted a pilot clinical test. Background. Chest tube clogging is known to adversely contribute to postoperative cardiac surgery outcomes. Methods. The MAS was tested in vitro with a blood-filled chest tube model for device acceleration and performance. In vivo acute hemothorax studies (n = 5) were performed in healthy pigs (48.0 ± 2 kg) to evaluate the drainage in MAS versus control (no device) groups. Using a high-speed camera (FASTCAM Mini AX200, 100 mm Zeiss lens) in an additional animal study (n = 1), intraluminal whole-blood activation imaging of the chest tube (32 Fr) was made. The pilot clinical study (n = 12) consisted of up to a 30 minutes device tolerance test. Results. In vitro MAS testing suggested optimal device performance. The 2-hour in vivo evaluation showed a longer incremental drainage in the MAS group versus control. The total drainage in the MAS group was significantly higher than that in the control group (379 ± 144 mL vs 143 ± 40 mL; P = .0097), indicating tube patency. The high-speed camera images showed a characteristic intraluminal blood “swirling” pattern. Clinical data showed no discomfort with the MAS use (pleural = 4; mediastinal = 8). Conclusions. The MAS showed optimal performance at bench and better drainage profile in vivo. The clinical trial showed patients’ tolerance to the MAS and device safety.

scholarly journals EVALUASI NILAI BIOLOGIS PAKAN LENGKAP BERBASIS TEBON JAGUNG DAN RUMPUT CAMPURAN TERHADAP KINERJA PRODUKSI SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE (PO)

ZOOTEC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Yohannis L.R. Tulung ◽  
A.F. Pendong ◽  
B. Tulung
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Biological Experiment ◽  
Unequal Variance ◽  
Mixed Grass

EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL VALUE OF COMPLETE FEED BASED ON CORN COB AND MIXED GRASS ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF ONGOLE. This study was aimed to obtain the feed formula, which is effective on the productivity of beef cattle (PO). This study consisted of two experimental stages, namely: 1). In vitro experiment, and 2). Biological (in vivo) experiment. t-test two sample assuming unequal variance was used as the statistical analysis on both experiments. The treatments of this research consisted of RA feed = 50% concentrate + 50% corn forage and RB feed = 50% concentrate + 50% mixed grass, and it was repeated 10 times. In vitro test was used to measure dry matter and organic matter digestibility and NH3 concentration (NH3). The biological experiment (in vivo) was used 20 PO cattles, 12-18 months of ages, with 120 - 180 kg of body weight to measure feed intake, nutrients digestibility DMD, OMD, Protein and energy digestibility, live weight gain (LWG) and feed conversion (FCR). The results showed DMD and OMD in vitro of RA were 67.88% dan 66.06%, respectively, lower than the DMD and OMD obtained in RB, i.e 71.15% dan 69.08%, respectively. Meanwhile, NH3 of RA was higher than RB, i.e: 3.20 vs 2.50 mM/L. The biological experiment showed the DMD, OMD, CPD, and DE (in vivo) of RA were 77.05%, 78.64%, 82.13%, and 83.48%, respectively, while the results obtained at RB were higher, i.e. 80.15%, 83.44%, 85.55%, and 87.46%, respectively. On the liveweight gain (LWG) of PO cattle, the RA ration produces 0.60 kg per head per day, lower than RB which produces 0.65 kg per head per day. The FCR of both ration was 0.11. It is concluded, complete feed based on forage corn and mixed grass can be used as standard feed for fattening of local beef cattle because it is able to give high nutrient digestibility and good feed conversion value Keywords: Complete feed, in vitro and in vivo digestibility, liveweight gain, feed conversion

scholarly journals IN VIVO AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF TEPHROSIA CALOPHYLLA FOR ANTI-DIABETIC PROPERTIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Ramesh C ◽  
Prameela Rani A
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Ic50 Values

Objective: The objective the present work was to investigate in vivo and in vitro anti-diabetic potentials of methanol extract of Tephrosia calophylla against alloxan-induced diabetes in albino rats.Methods: For in vivo evaluation, diabetes was induced in albino rats by administering a single dose of alloxan. The study was designed to test the acute effect of methanol extract of Tephrosia calophylla (TCME) to reduce blood glucose in OGTT. The chronic study of 21 d was performed against diabetic rats and blood glucose was determined at 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st day. In chronic in vivo study, serum concentrations of insulin, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, ALT and AST were also estimated at 21st day. The in vitro α-glucisidase inhibitory activity and α-amylase inhibitory activity were performed and IC50 values of the extract was determined. The glucose uptake by rat hemidiaphragm model was also used test potentials of the extract to increase utilization of the glucose by tissues.Results: In OGTT, standard glibenclamide and TCME at 400 mg/kg treated animals have shown significant reduction in blood glucose at 90 min but at 120 min, blood glucose level (BGL) was significantly reduced in glibenclamide and TCME at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg treated animals compared to diabetic control group. In chronic modelthe methanol extract effectively reduced blood glucose levels (P<0.001) at 14 th and 21st day of study in therapeutic groups and effect was comparable to that of standard. The extract could also significantly (P<0.001) reduce concentrations of SGOT, triglycerides (TGs), Total cholesterol (TC) and urea in serum and significantly (P<0.001) increased the insulin level in blood which proves beneficial effects of the extract in diabetes. The change in concentrations of SGPT and urea were less significant (P>0.01). In vitro studies, against both glucosidae and  amyalase inhibitory activities, extract has shown significant IC50 values and it also enhanced glucose utilization by rat hemidaphragm.Conclusion: The results obtained from the present study suggest that, the methanol extract of Tephrosia calophylla possess significant in vivo anti-diabetic properties against alloxan induced diabetes in rats. The results also suggests that, TCME also possess the significant in vitro anti-dabetic potentials.

scholarly journals Effects of Fermented Coffee Extracts on Spatial Cognition and Memory of Alzheimer’s Disease Induced Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
R. Vidhya Shree ◽  
R. Praveen ◽  
Prabhu Sukumaran
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Roasted Coffee ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Group I

Aim: The current study hypothesizes that ingestion of polyphenols-enriched preparation such as yeast fermented extracts of green and roasted coffee beans will demonstrate neuroprotective and stimulatory function. Study Design: Optimizing yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mediated fermentation conditions of C.Arabica beans →Extraction by the sonication-agitation method before and after roasting to obtain Fermented Green Coffee Extracts (FGCE) and Fermented Roasted Coffee Extracts (FRCE) →Phytochemical profiling of the fermented extracts was performed → Animal Study (in vivo evaluation). Place and Duration: The research work was conducted during December, 2019 to May, 2020 at the Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Post Bag No.1, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur Tk, Kancheepuram Dt TN-602117, India. Methodology: The FGCE and FRCE extracts were prepared and subjected to comparative phytochemical profiling for in vitro analysis. Further, the in vivo analysis was performed on 24 Albino Wistar rats, which were divided into four groups (Group I (Control group) received normal diet; Group II (AD induced group) received AlCl3; Group III received FGCE and AlCl3, Group IV received FRCE and AlCl3). In order to represent the most exact model that mimics AD the rats were injected with AlCl3 .6H2O at dose 70 mg / kg I.P for 6 weeks. During induction the rats were subjected to spatial memory tests (T-maze) and motor co-ordination tests (burrowing assay). Results: The FGCE had a higher amount of polyphenols (1.20 ± 0.02 GAE mg / ml) compared to FRCE (0.99 ± 0.047 GAE mg / ml). Also, the ferric reducing anti-oxidant potential was higher in FGCE (5.14 ± 0.17 mmol Fe2+ / g) than in FRCE (3.7 ± 0.2 mmol Fe2+ / g). As a result of behavioural analysis, the fermented green coffee extract consumption in Alzheimer induced rats had a prominent positive effect on memory retention and motor co-ordination. Conclusion: This study elucidates the potential nature of FGCE in decelerating the progression of AD at a higher rate than FRCE.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of Arzanol from Helichrysum italicum

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bauer ◽  
F Dehm ◽  
A Koeberle ◽  
F Pollastro ◽  
G Appendino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In-vitro- und In-vivo-Wirkung von Schilddrüsenhormon auf das Wachstum von Neuroblastomzellen

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
R. P. Baum ◽  
E. Rohrbach ◽  
G. Hör ◽  
B. Kornhuber ◽  
E. Busse
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Initial Rise ◽  
Biphasic Effect ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Sign

The effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on the differentiation of cultured neuroblastoma (NB) cells was studied after 9 days of treatment with a dose of 10-4 M/106 cells per day. Using phase contrast microscopy, 30-50% of NB cells showed formation of neurites as a morphological sign of cellular differentiation. The initial rise of the mitosis rate was followed by a plateau. Changes in cyclic nucleotide content, in the triphosphates and in the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) were assessed in 2 human and 2 murine cell lines to serve as biochemical parameters of the cell differentiation induced by T3. Whereas the cAMP level increased significantly (3 to 7 fold compared with its initial value), the cGMP value dropped to 30 to 50% of that of the control group. ATP and GTP increased about 200%, the ODC showed a decrease of about 50%. The present studies show a biphasic effect of T3 on neuroblastoma cells: the initial rise of mitotic activity is followed by increased cell differentiation starting from day 4 of the treatment.

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