scholarly journals Oral Microbiota: A Major Player in the Diagnosis of Systemic Diseases

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1376
Author(s):  
Charlotte Thomas ◽  
Matthieu Minty ◽  
Alexia Vinel ◽  
Thibault Canceill ◽  
Pascale Loubières ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
Systemic Health

The oral cavity is host to a complex and diverse microbiota community which plays an important role in health and disease. Major oral infections, i.e., caries and periodontal diseases, are both responsible for and induced by oral microbiota dysbiosis. This dysbiosis is known to have an impact on other chronic systemic diseases, whether triggering or aggravating them, making the oral microbiota a novel target in diagnosing, following, and treating systemic diseases. In this review, we summarize the major roles that oral microbiota can play in systemic disease development and aggravation and also how novel tools can help investigate this complex ecosystem. Finally, we describe new therapeutic approaches based on oral bacterial recolonization or host modulation therapies. Collaboration in diagnosis and treatment between oral specialists and general health specialists is of key importance in bridging oral and systemic health and disease and improving patients' wellbeing.

Oral Health and Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole. A. Palmer ◽  
Zhangmuge Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Surgeon General ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Oral Conditions

Oral diseases are among the most prevalent diseases affecting global health. In his report on the crisis in oral disease in America, the Surgeon General warned that one cannot be truly healthy without oral health. Oral health means freedom from all oral health problems; tooth decay (dental caries), periodontal diseases, tooth loss, oral-facial pain, oral cancer and the effects of its treatment, oral infections, craniofacial birth defects and more. The relationships between oral conditions and systemic health and disease are many and synergistic, and most involve dietary and/or systemic nutritional factors. Diet and nutrition can play important roles in the etiology, prevention, and/or management of oral conditions, as they do in overall health and disease. Today, all health professionals and educators need to be aware of and consider oral issues and their possible diet/nutritional implications as a component of optimal health care and education. This review article provides a brief overview of how diet and nutrition impact and are impacted by oral conditions, and offers general guidelines and resources for providing meaningful interventions throughout the life cycle. This review contains 3 figures, 3 tables, and 57 references Key Words: biofilm, cariogenic, dental caries, dental plaque, ECC-early childhood caries, lactobacillus, mucositis, non-cariogenic, periodontal disease, Streptococcus mutans

scholarly journals Knowledge of senior students concluding the courses of Dentistry and Medicine toward the interrelationship of periodontal diseases and systemic health

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e19691210967
Author(s):  
Vitor Lucas Calvi ◽  
Lucas Orbolato Chalub ◽  
Ana Flávia Bueno do Carmo ◽  
Yara Loyanne de Almeida Silva Levi ◽  
Rosana Leal do Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Periodontal Condition ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Senior Students

Background/Purpose This study evaluated the knowledge of last year's students of dentistry (DENT) and medicine (MED) regarding the association between periodontal disease (PD) and systemic disease (SD). Materials and methods: A questionnaire developed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to PD was applied for the students. Results: 287 students participated, 81 from DENT and 206 from MED. 47% of DENT students correctly answered all five questions of true or false, compared to 51% of MED students (p> 0.05). Between MED students, 67% never ask their patients if they have ever been diagnosed with PD; 51% never evaluate their patients for PD; 28% never refer their patients to a dentist; 95% didn’t receive PD training during the course; 61% believe that patients do not expect them to discuss/evaluate PD and 51% agree that discussing/evaluating periodontal condition is secondary to their role. For DENT, 12% never ask their patients if they have ever been diagnosed with PD, although 98% always do the evaluation, and 9% do not feel comfortable doing the periodontal examination. Conclusion: Although the students of both courses presented a good theoretical knowledge about PD and its association with systemic health, when approached regarding clinical practices, the results were unsatisfactory.

scholarly journals Gambaran Bakteri Kontaminan pada Sikat Gigi

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Perdina Nursidika ◽  
Patricia Gita Naully ◽  
Linda Ayu Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Methylen Blue ◽  
Abstract Description

Abstract: DESCRIPTION OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINTANT IN TOOTHBRUSH. Brushing activity is an effort to keep oral hygiene from pathogenic microorganisms that can cause infection. Oral infection has been an increasingly common risk factor for systemic disease. Oral infections, especially periodontitis, can affect travel and pathogenesis of a number of systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, bacterial pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, and low birth weight. Keeping your teeth and mouth clean is not enough just brushing your teeth, but replace the toothbrush for a maximum of three months. This study aims to identify the contaminant bacteria found on toothbrushes that have been used for more than 3 months. The method of identification by planting the isolation result of 20 toothbrushes has been used for more than three months on selective media ie blood agar (AD), McConkey Agar (MCA), Eosin Methylen Blue (EMB), Manitol Salt Agar (MSA) . The results showed that all samples of toothbrush were contaminated with Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, 16 samples were Klebsiella (80%), four samples (20%) were Proteus, and one sample (5%) was contaminated with Escherichia. All of the toothbrush samples showed to have been contaminated by bacteria. Bacterial contamination of the toothbrush can be caused by the storage of a toothbrush that is too close to the toilet and toilet, possibly exposed through aerosols containing intestinal bacteria. This toothbrush contamination plays an important role in both oral and systemic diseases, including septicemia and gastrointestinal, respiratory cardiovascularmy, and kidney problems. Abstrak: GAMBARAN BAKTERI KONTAMINAN PADA SIKAT GIGI. Kegiatan menyikat gigi merupakan upaya untuk menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut dari mikroorganisme pathogen yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi. Infeksi mulut telah menjadi faktor risiko yang semakin umum untuk penyakit sistemik. Infeksi mulut, terutama periodontitis, dapat mempengaruhi patogenesis dari sejumlah penyakit sistemik, seperti penyakit kardiovaskular, pneumonia bakteri, diabetes mellitus, dan berat badan lahir rendah. Menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut tidak cukup hanya menyikat gigi saja, melainkan mengganti sikat gigi maksimal tiga bulan sekali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri kontaminan yang terdapat pada pada sikat gigi yang telah digunakan selama lebih dari 3 bulan. Metode identifikasi dengan melakukan penanaman hasil isolasi 20 sikat gigi yang telah digunakan selama lebih dari tiga bulan pada media selektif yaitu agar darah (AD), McConkey Agar (MCA), Eosin Methylen Blue (EMB), Manitol Salt Agar (MSA) dengan metode gores.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua sampel sikat gigi terkontaminasi Streptococcus dan Staphylococcus, 16 sampel terdapat Klebsiella (80%), pada empat sampel (20%) terdapat Proteus, dan satu sampel (5%) terkontaminasi Escherichia. Semua sampel sikat gigi menunjukkan telah terkontaminasi oleh bakteri. Kontaminasi bakteri pada sikat gigi ini dapat disebabkan oleh penyimpanan sikat gigi yang terlalu dekat dengan jamban, sehingga kemungkinan terpapar melalui aerosol yang mengandung bakteri usus. Kontaminasi sikat gigi ini memegang peranan penting pada penyakit oral maupun sistemik, termasuk septikemia dan gastrointestinal, kardiovaskularm pernapasan, dan masalah ginjal.

scholarly journals What are the links between periodontitis and systemic disease?

Dental Update ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 914-917
Author(s):  
Aaron Lopez-Lago ◽  
Mahbuba Tasnima Choudhury ◽  
Praveen Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
General Wellbeing

That the mouth and the body are not disconnected should come as no surprise. In this article, the links between periodontal and systemic health will be reviewed by investigating these in both directions, starting with the more familiar effects of systemic conditions on periodontal health and progressing to the emerging effects of periodontal health on systemic health. Where suitable, tips will be provided for practitioners caring for patients with periodontitis and systemic diseases. CPD/Clinical Relevance: In recognition of the important role that the oral cavity plays in the body and the important role that oral healthcare providers play in the management of the general wellbeing of patients, this article highlights the link between periodontitis and systemic heath. This allows practitioners to care more holistically for their patients.

scholarly journals The Oral Microbiota Changes in Orthodontic Patients and Effects on Oral Health: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Maria Contaldo ◽  
Alberta Lucchese ◽  
Carlo Lajolo ◽  
Cosimo Rupe ◽  
Dario Di Stasio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Entire Treatment Period ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ceramic Brackets ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Oral Conditions

Nowadays, there is a considerable interest to study the biological and microbiological changes that accompany orthodontic treatment. Growing knowledge on oral microbiota allows, day after day, to identify and characterize the microbial arrangements specifically associated with oral and extra-oral conditions. The aim of the present work is to highlight any further correlations between orthodontic appliances and the qualitative and quantitative modifications of the oral microbiota, such as predisposing factors for the onset of caries, periodontal diseases, and other infections, which can impact the oral and systemic health of the orthodontic patients. When compared with subjects without orthodontic appliances, orthodontic patients reported significant qualitative and quantitative differences in supra- and subgingival plaque during the entire treatment period. Certain components of fixed appliances (mainly bonded molar brackets, ceramic brackets, and elastomeric ligatures) showed high risks of periodontal disease and tooth decay for patients. An unclear prevalence of Candida spp. and the paucity of studies on viruses and protozoas in the oral microbiota of orthodontic patients need to be further investigated. The evidence emerging from this study could guide clinicians in modulating the timing of controls and enhance patient motivation to prevent the formation of mature plaque, thus reducing the risks of oral-plaque-related diseases.

scholarly journals The Oral Microbiota Is Modified by Systemic Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.T. Graves ◽  
J.D. Corrêa ◽  
T.A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Periodontal Bone Loss

Periodontal diseases are initiated by bacteria that accumulate in a biofilm on the tooth surface and affect the adjacent periodontal tissue. Systemic diseases such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) increase susceptibility to destructive periodontal diseases. In human studies and in animal models, these diseases have been shown to enhance inflammation in the periodontium and increase the risk or severity of periodontitis. All 3 systemic diseases are linked to a decrease in bacterial taxa associated with health and an increase in taxa associated with disease. Although there is controversy regarding the specific oral bacterial changes associated with each disease, it has been reported that diabetes increases the levels of Capnocytophaga, Porphyromonas, and Pseudomonas, while Prevotella and Selenomonas are increased in RA and Selenomonas, Leptotrichia, and Prevotella in SLE. In an animal model, diabetes increased the pathogenicity of the oral microbiome, as shown by increased inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and periodontal bone loss when transferred to normal germ-free hosts. Moreover, in diabetic animals, the increased pathogenicity could be substantially reversed by inhibition of IL-17, indicating that host inflammation altered the microbial pathogenicity. Increased IL-17 has also been shown in SLE, RA, and leukocyte adhesion deficiency and may contribute to oral microbial changes in these diseases. Successful RA treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs partially reverses the oral microbial dysbiosis. Together, these data demonstrate that systemic diseases characterized by enhanced inflammation disturb the oral microbiota and point to IL-17 as key mediator in this process.

scholarly journals Systemic Diseases Caused by Oral Infection

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Li ◽  
Kristin M. Kolltveit ◽  
Leif Tronstad ◽  
Ingar Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Oral Infection ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Shared Risk ◽  
Oral Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Toxins

SUMMARY Recently, it has been recognized that oral infection, especially periodontitis, may affect the course and pathogenesis of a number of systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, bacterial pneumonia, diabetes mellitus, and low birth weight. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current status of oral infections, especially periodontitis, as a causal factor for systemic diseases. Three mechanisms or pathways linking oral infections to secondary systemic effects have been proposed: (i) metastatic spread of infection from the oral cavity as a result of transient bacteremia, (ii) metastatic injury from the effects of circulating oral microbial toxins, and (iii) metastatic inflammation caused by immunological injury induced by oral microorganisms. Periodontitis as a major oral infection may affect the host's susceptibility to systemic disease in three ways: by shared risk factors; subgingival biofilms acting as reservoirs of gram-negative bacteria; and the periodontium acting as a reservoir of inflammatory mediators. Proposed evidence and mechanisms of the above odontogenic systemic diseases are given.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Networks Linking Oral Microbiome with Systemic Health and Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1131-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Kleinstein ◽  
K.E. Nelson ◽  
M. Freire
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Diseased State ◽  
Systemic Health

The dance between microbes and the immune system takes place in all biological systems, including the human body, but this interaction is especially complex in the primary gateway to the body: the oral cavity. Recent advances in technology have enabled deep sequencing and analysis of members and signals of these communities. In a healthy state, the oral microbiome is composed of commensals, and their genes and phenotypes may be selected by the immune system to survive in symbiosis. These highly regulated signals are modulated by a network of microbial and host metabolites. However, in a diseased state, host-microbial networks lead to dysbiosis and considerable burden to the host prior to systemic impact that extends beyond the oral compartment. Interestingly, we presented data demonstrating similarities between human and mice immune dysbiosis and discussed how this affects the host response to similar pathobionts. The host and microbial signatures of a number of disease states are currently being examined to identify potential correlations. How the oral microbiome interacts with inflammation and the immune system to cause disease remains an area of active research. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in understanding the role of oral microbiota in mediating inflammation and altering systemic health and disease. In line with these findings, it is possible that existing conditions may be resolved by targeting specific immune-microbial markers in a positive way.

Oral Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia T. Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Systemic Health

The connection between oral and systemic health is becoming more obvious. Oral infections, specifically periodontitis, have been associated with diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, respiratory infection, erectile dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis, to name a few. As people age, they become more susceptible for developing both oral and systemic diseases. This article discusses the oral-systemic relationship as well as sheds light on preventive measures that can be taken.

scholarly journals Newer Classification System for Fissured Tongue: An Epidemiological Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramachandran Sudarshan ◽  
G. Sree Vijayabala ◽  
Y. Samata ◽  
A. Ravikiran
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Fissured Tongue ◽  
Epidemiological Approach

Introduction.Fissured tongue is a commonly encountered tongue disorder in dental practice. But there is a lack of data on different pattern, severity, and association of fissuring with various systemic disorders and other tongue anomalies. This study attempts to establish a classification system for fissured tongue and to know the correlation with the systemic health and other disorders of the tongue.Materials and Methods.A total of 1000 subjects between the age groups of 10 and 80 years were included in the study. Pattern of fissuring, allied systemic diseases, and related tongue anomalies were tabulated.Results.Out of 1000 subjects, 387 subjects presented with fissured tongue. Out of 387 subjects, hypertension was present in 57 cases, 18 subjects had diabetes, and 3 subjects had both hypertension and diabetes. Central longitudinal type was found to be the most common type of tongue fissuring.Conclusion.Fissured tongue has been found to be associated with certain systemic disease and further researches are required to know positive correlation. If a correlation exists, such disorders could be diagnosed earlier by identifying fissured tongue at an earlier age.

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