scholarly journals Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Biofilm-Forming Capabilities are not Predictable from Clinical Details or from Colonial Morphology

Diseases ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Whelan ◽  
Mary Claire O’Grady ◽  
Dan Corcoran ◽  
Karen Finn ◽  
Brigid Lucey
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Recurrent Infection ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Recurrent Uti ◽  
Colonial Morphology ◽  
The Difference

Antibiotic resistance is increasing to an extent where efficacy is not guaranteed when treating infection. Biofilm formation has been shown to complicate treatment, whereby the formation of biofilm is associated with higher minimum inhibitory concentration values of antibiotic. The objective of the current paper was to determine whether biofilm formation is variable among uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates and whether formation is associated with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), and whether it can be predicted by phenotypic appearance on culture medium A total of 62 E. coli isolates that were reported as the causative agent of UTI were studied (33 from patients denoted as having recurrent UTI and 29 from patients not specified as having recurrent UTI). The biofilm forming capability was determined using a standard microtitre plate method, using E. coli ATCC 25922 as the positive control. The majority of isolates (93.6%) were found to be biofilm formers, whereby 81% were denoted as strong or very strong producers of biofilm when compared to the positive control. Through the use of a Wilcox test, the difference in biofilm forming propensity between the two patient populations was found to not be statistically significant (p = 0.5). Furthermore, it was noted that colony morphology was not a reliable predictor of biofilm-forming propensity. The findings of this study indicate that biofilm formation is very common among uropathogens, and they suggest that the biofilm-forming capability might be considered when treating UTI. Clinical details indicating a recurrent infection were not predictors of biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Antibiofilm Activity of an Experimental Ricinus Communis Dentifrice on Soft Denture Liners

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Malheiros Badaró ◽  
Vanessa Maria Fagundes Leite-Fernandes ◽  
Luciano Trevisan Martin ◽  
Viviane de Cássia Oliveira ◽  
Evandro Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium ◽  
Denture Liners

Abstract The disadvantage of liners materials is the difficulty of biofilm control. It was compared an experimental dentifrice contained Ricinus communis, with commercials dentifrices as antibiofilm activity against microorganisms on denture liner. Six hundred specimens were distributed in 5 groups (n=18/ microorganism): water; experimental dentifrice; specific dentifrice for denture and two conventional dentifrices against C. albicans; C. glabrata; S. mutans; S. aureus; E. coli. Each group had a negative (n=5; without contamination) and positive control (n=15/ microorganism; without cleaning). The antibiofilm activity was evaluated by the method of biofilm formation in triplicate. The specimens were contaminated in a standard way and incubated. After that, manual brushing was performed (60 s), washed with PBS, immersed in liquid culture medium for resuspension and sowing in solid medium. The results (mean of triplicates) were expressed in CFU/mL. The data was submitted to Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). The specific dentifrice (1.27±1.20) was the most effective against S. mutans, followed by conventional (Trihydral, 3.13±0.88; Colgate, 2.16±2.02) and experimental (3.81±1.37) dentifrices, which were similar to each other (p=0.008). All of them were different from water (4.79±1.42). The specific (0.21±0.21) and experimental (0.36±0.25) dentifrices were similar against S. aureus, with a higher mean of CFU when compared to conventional (Colgate, 0.06±0.13), which was more efficient (p=0.000). For C. albicans, C. glabrata and E. coli, all dentifrices were similar to water (p=0.186). It was concluded, that the experimental dentifrice was effective against S. aureus and had not efficacy against Candida spp.; S. mutans; E. coli, as occurred with the commercials dentifrices.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Virulence Genes and Association with Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains in Southwestern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Boroumand ◽  
Asghar Sharifi ◽  
Mohammad Amin Ghatei ◽  
Mohsen Sadrinasab
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains, encoding superficial and secretory virulence factors, can lead to colonization and facilitation of bacterial growth in the host urinary tract, causing Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Objectives: This study determined the ability of biofilm formation by the Congo red agar (CRA) method, the presence of virulence genes using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and the relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance patterns and virulence genes in E. coli clinical isolates in Yasuj. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 144 UPEC isolates collected in 2017. Biofilm formation was detected by the CRA phenotypic assay and virulence factors by the multiplex PCR method. Antibiotic resistance tests were performed by the Kirby-Bauer method. Results: Out of 144 isolates of E. coli, 22 (19.4%) isolates showed to be strong biofilm producers, 27 (23.8%) moderate biofilm producers, and 64 (56.3%) weak biofilm producers. A significant relationship was observed between biofilm-producing strains and resistance to ampicillin (P = 0.020) and cotrimoxazole (P = 0.038). The virulence genes in strong biofilm producers included iutA (95%), FimH (93%), ompT (90%), PAI (90%), and TraT (81%) genes. The phylogroup B2 carried the most virulence genes. A significant correlation was observed between E. coli phylogenetic groups and aer (P = 0.019), iroN (P = 0.042), and ompT (P = 0.032) virulence genes. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a high prevalence of virulence genes, and antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains capable of biofilm formation. The results of this study may help elucidate the pathogenesis of UPEC and facilitate better treatment strategies for patients with UTIs in this geographic area.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Semiconstitutive Red, Dry, and Rough Biofilm-Forming Commensal and Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Cimdins ◽  
Petra Lüthje ◽  
Fengyang Li ◽  
Irfan Ahmad ◽  
Annelie Brauner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
K 12

ABSTRACT Strains of Escherichia coli exhibit diverse biofilm formation capabilities. E. coli K-12 expresses the red, dry, and rough (rdar) morphotype below 30°C, whereas clinical isolates frequently display the rdar morphotype semiconstitutively. We sequenced the genomes of eight E. coli strains to subsequently investigate the molecular basis of semiconstitutive rdar morphotype expression.

Distribution of fimH Gene in Local Isolates of Adhesive Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Abdulkareem Ali ◽  
Ruqayah Qubtan Taha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Adhesion Assay ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Type 1 Fimbriae ◽  
Formation Type ◽  
Uroepithelial Cells

Adhesion is an influential step for bacterial vigor in clinical micro-environments, type 1 fimbriae are essential virulence factors help uropathogenic E. coli in invasion and colonization of uroepithelial cells, the first step of UTIs and biofilm formation. Type 1 fimbriae of E. coli contain FimH protein at the tip encoding via fimH gene cluster, this study was conducted for determination the fimH gene distribution in uro-pathogenic E. coli isolated from UTIs patients. The results of adhesion assay show that (83.6%) of uropathogenic E. coli were high adherent isolates. While the results of E. coli fimH gene amplification prove that, of all E. coli isolates, the fimH gene was found in (87.1%), while among high adherent isolates it was found in (92.6%), and that Shows the function of type 1 fimbriae in the colonization and infection of urinary tracts in addition to other adhesions virulence agents of uropathogenic E. coli.

scholarly journals Effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on Escherichia coli biofilm formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Maksimova ◽  
◽  
Ya. E. Bykova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Degree Of Purification

The effect of purified and unpurified multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the biofilm formation of Esche-richia coli strains isolated from different sources has been studied. It has been shown that carbon nano-materials in the culture medium do not inhibit biofilm formation, but on days 1–3 of growth lead to the formation of more massive biofilms of some strains. Significantly more intense destruction of mature bio-films of E. coli K12, E. coli K12 TG1 (pXen7) and one natural strain in the presence of carbon nanotubes in the medium was noted. No clear dependence of biofilm formation and destruction of formed biofilms on the degree of purification of nanotubes was found.

scholarly journals Influence of some parameters on the ability of Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria innocua, and Escherichia coli to form biofilms

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lezzoum-Atek ◽  
Leila Bouayad ◽  
Taha Mossadak Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Listeria Innocua ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Polystyrene Support ◽  
Multispecies Biofilms

Aim: The present study was conducted to evaluate the capacity of Listeria monocytogenes (L.m), Listeria innocua (L.i), and Escherichia coli to form biofilms on polystyrene support under different parameters by performing crystal violet (CV) staining technique. Materials and Methods: Different suspensions were prepared with single strains and with multiple combinations of strains including two serogroups of L.m (IIa and IIb), L.i, and E. coli strains at different microbial load. Selected strains and combinations were grown in biofilms for 6 days attached to polystyrene microplates under aerobic and microaerophilic conditions. The evaluation of the power of adhesion and biofilm formation was determined by CV staining followed by the measurement of optical density at 24 h, 72 h, and 6 days incubation time with and without renewal of the culture medium. Results: All the strains tested, presented more or less adhesion power depending on the variation of the studied parameters as well as the ability to form multispecies biofilms. Their development is more important by renewing the culture medium and increasing the initial load of bacteria. The ability to adhere and form biofilms differs from one serogroup to another within the same species. In bacterial combination, strains and species of bacteria adopt different behaviors. Conclusion: The ability to form biofilms is a key factor in the persistence of tested strains in the environment. Our study showed that L.m, L.i, and E. coli could adhere to polystyrene and form biofilms under different conditions. More researches are necessary to understand the mechanisms of biofilm formation and the influence of different parameters in their development.

scholarly journals Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of the inhibition effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on Escherichia coli biofilm formation in co-culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyi Song ◽  
Ni Lou ◽  
Jianjun Liu ◽  
Hong Xiang ◽  
Dong Shang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Protein Ubiquitination

Abstract Background Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the principal pathogen that causes biofilm formation. Biofilms are associated with infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance. This study employed proteomic analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins after coculture of E. coli with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) microcapsules. Methods To explore the relevant protein abundance changes after E. coli and LGG coculture, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis and qRT-PCR were applied to E. coli and LGG microcapsule groups before and after coculture, respectively. Results The proteomic analysis characterised a total of 1655 proteins in E. coli K12MG1655 and 1431 proteins in the LGG. After coculture treatment, there were 262 differentially expressed proteins in E. coli and 291 in LGG. Gene ontology analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly related to cellular metabolism, the stress response, transcription and the cell membrane. A protein interaction network and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that the differentiated proteins were mainly involved in the protein ubiquitination pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction. Conclusions These findings indicated that LGG microcapsules may inhibit E. coli biofilm formation by disrupting metabolic processes, particularly in relation to energy metabolism and stimulus responses, both of which are critical for the growth of LGG. Together, these findings increase our understanding of the interactions between bacteria under coculture conditions.

scholarly journals Regulation of Expression of the TIR-Containing Protein C Gene of the Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strain CFT073

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 549
Author(s):  
Julia Ittensohn ◽  
Jacqueline Hemberger ◽  
Hannah Griffiths ◽  
Maren Keller ◽  
Simone Albrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Reporter Construct ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Strain Cft073 ◽  
Myeloid Differentiation Factor

The uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain CFT073 causes kidney abscesses in mice Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing protein C (TcpC) dependently and the corresponding gene is present in around 40% of E. coli isolates of pyelonephritis patients. It impairs the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling chain and the NACHT leucin-rich repeat PYD protein 3 inflammasome (NLRP3) by binding to TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 as well as to NLRP3 and caspase-1, respectively. Overexpression of the tcpC gene stopped replication of CFT073. Overexpression of several tcpC-truncation constructs revealed a transmembrane region, while its TIR domain induced filamentous bacteria. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that tcpC expression is presumably tightly controlled. We tested two putative promoters designated P1 and P2 located at 5′ of the gene c2397 and 5′ of the tcpC gene (c2398), respectively, which may form an operon. High pH and increasing glucose concentrations stimulated a P2 reporter construct that was considerably stronger than a P1 reporter construct, while increasing FeSO4 concentrations suppressed their activity. Human urine activated P2, demonstrating that tcpC might be induced in the urinary tract of infected patients. We conclude that P2, consisting of a 240 bp region 5′ of the tcpC gene, represents the major regulator of tcpC expression.

scholarly journals Characterization of Anti-Bacterial Effect of the Two New Phages against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1348
Author(s):  
Lívia Slobodníková ◽  
Barbora Markusková ◽  
Michal Kajsík ◽  
Michal Andrezál ◽  
Marek Straka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Phage Cocktail ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the events that most frequently need medical intervention. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli are frequently their causative agents and the infections are sometimes complicated by the presence of polyresistant nosocomial strains. Phage therapy is a tool that has good prospects for the treatment of these infections. In the present study, we isolated and characterized two bacteriophages with broad host specificity against a panel of local uropathogenic E. coli strains and combined them into a phage cocktail. According to genome sequencing, these phages were closely related and belonged to the Tequatrovirus genus. The newly isolated phages showed very good activity on a panel of local clinical E. coli strains from urinary tract infections. In the form of a two-phage cocktail, they were active on E. coli strains belonging to phylogroups B2 and D, with relatively lower activity in B1 and no response in phylogroup A. Our study is a preliminary step toward the establishment of a national phage bank containing local, well-characterized phages with therapeutic potential for patients in Slovakia.

scholarly journals Enterobactin- and salmochelin-β-lactam conjugates induce cell morphologies consistent with inhibition of penicillin-binding proteins in uropathogenic Escherichia coli CFT073

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Sargun ◽  
Timothy C. Johnstone ◽  
Hui Zhi ◽  
Manuela Raffatellu ◽  
Elizabeth M. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Penicillin Binding Proteins ◽  
E Coli

Siderophore-β-lactam conjugates based on enterobactin and diglucosylated enterobactin enter the periplasm of uropathogenic E. coli CFT073 via the FepA and IroN transporters, and target penicillin-binding proteins.

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