scholarly journals Systematic Review on the Role of Lasers in Endodontic Therapy: Valuable Adjunct Treatment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Eugenia Anagnostaki ◽  
Valina Mylona ◽  
Steven Parker ◽  
Edward Lynch ◽  
Martin Grootveld
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Adjunct Treatment ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Direct Irradiation ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Almost All

(1) Background: Adjunctive instruments, such as lasers have been investigated to address the risk of failure of endodontic therapy due to the complexity of the root canal system. Lasers have been used therapeutically, in direct irradiation of the root canals or adjunct to irrigants placed into the canals, in combination with a photosensitizer (antimicrobial photodynamic therapy) and in pain management (photobiomodulation). The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence in clinical use within these three areas of therapy. (2) Methods: PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus search engines were used to identify human clinical trials regarding the use of lasers in endodontic therapy. (3) Results: After applying the keywords and additional filters, inclusion and exclusion criteria, the initial number of 1486 articles was reduced to 17. It was revealed that almost all studies (14/17) presented a statistically significant improved outcome in laser-assisted endodontic therapy, with the remaining three not showing any adverse effects. (4) Conclusions: The use of laser photonic energy of appropriate delivered parameters can be proposed as useful adjunctive when considering optimal treatment modalities in orthograde endodontics. Additionally, a tendency of research towards pain modulation in this field is developing.

Role of takrasevan in agnimandya - a review.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Bharat Mandhare ◽  
Deepa R. Kale
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Modern Era

Background: Our health and overall well-being mainly depends on our eating habits, physical activities, sleep patterns etc. Human beings, in order to adjust themselves in the modern era, have been compiled to become fast and mechanical. Due to this they can’t give proper attention to diet and exercise. Due to this Aaharpachan Kriya gets affected leading to Agnimandya (low or decreased digestive power). According to Ayurveda Agnimandya is responsible for almost all diseases. Objectives: Objective is to study importance of Takrasevan in Agnimandya.  Material and methods: Ayurvedic / modern texts and literature, research paper. Discussion: Grahani, Atisar, Arsh etc. are the commonest diseases seen in today’s life.  These diseases are not life threatening but can cause great distress to patient.  Ayurveda gave an amount of treatment modalities; one of them is Takrasevan i. e. consumption of buttermilk. Takra having ushna virya, kashaya rasa, madhur vipak and ruksha guna properties which pacifies Vata, Pitta, Kapha and potentiate the Agni and digests as well as absorbs the food articles and treats the disease in generous way. Conclusion: By this study it can be conclude that Takra (Buttermilk) can use on daily basis as dietary product. As it contains Probiotics which facilitates proper digestion and absorption process, it maintains proper metabolism to keep person free from diseases.   

scholarly journals 589 Role of Liver Support Systems in The Management of Post Hepatectomy Liver Failure: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Pufal ◽  
A Lawson ◽  
J Hodson ◽  
M Bangash ◽  
J Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Liver Support ◽  
Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System

Abstract Aim Post hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a rare but serious complication following liver resection. PHLF is associated with high mortality of up to 50% in severe cases. With limited treatment options available, there is a need to evaluate the role of systems that support the function of the liver as treatment modalities following PHLF development. Method The aim of this study was to review the literature and summarise the role of liver support systems (LSS) in the management of PHLF. Publications of interest were identified using systematically designed searches. Following screening, data from the relevant publications were extracted, pooled where possible, and analysed. Results Systematic review identified ten studies, which used either Plasma Exchange (PE) or Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) as LSS after PHLF development. The sample sizes of included studies were small, ranging from N = 2 to N = 13. Across all studies, the pooled 90-day mortality rate was 40% (95% CI: 15% - 68%). However, there was substantial heterogeneity (I2=64%), likely since the studies used a variety of definitions for PHLF and had different selection criteria for patient eligibility for LSS treatment. Conclusions Despite potential benefits, the current evidence is insufficient to recommend LSS for the routine management of severe PHLF, with the current literature consisting of only a limited number of studies. There is a definite need for larger, multicentre, prospective studies evaluating the conventional and newer modalities of support systems with a view to improve the outcomes in this group of patients.

Mycotoxin Exposure and Autism: A Systematic Review of Molecular Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yılmaz Serkan ◽  
Utku Beyazit ◽  
Aynur Bütün Ayhan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Given

Background and objective: Exposure to mycotoxins may delay and/or negatively influence the development of neurological, gastrointestinal and inflammatory mechanisms in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Therefore, there is a need to address the possible links between mycotoxins and the risk and prevalence of ASD to increase the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying these links. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underpinning mycotoxin exposure and autism. Methods: The study was based on a systematic approach which focused on the possible associations between mycotoxins and ASD in addition to the role of the mycotoxins on the risk and prevalence of ASD. The systematic review included all molecular mechanism studies examining mycotoxin exposure and autism, and was not limited to a specific period of time. A search was performed on the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Results: The investigation of the literature revealed that a total number of 11 studies with a specific focus on the molecular mechanism of mycotoxin exposure and autism were published between 2008 and 2019. Out of these studies, 7 were research and 4 were review articles. In almost all the articles, possible links between mycotoxins and ASD were revealed. Conclusion: The examination of the given studies provided data related to the links between mycotoxins and ASD. However, evidence related to these links needs to be investigated in larger samples, while the effects of separate mycotoxins and their metabolisms should also be examined.

scholarly journals The Role of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in the Chemoresistance of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (8) ◽  
pp. 2015-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Abbasifarid ◽  
Sayed Mahmoud Sajjadi-Jazi ◽  
Maryam Beheshtian ◽  
Hilda Samimi ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Resistance To Chemotherapy ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

AbstractAnaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an aggressive type of thyroid cancer with a high mortality rate. Cytotoxic drugs are among the treatment modalities usually used for ATC treatment. However, systemic chemotherapies for ATC have not been shown to have remarkable efficacy. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters have been suggested as a possible mechanism in ATC resistance to chemotherapy. This systematic review was aimed to define the possible roles of ABC transporters in ATC resistance to chemotherapy. Numerous databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Ovid, ProQuest, and EBSCO, were searched for papers published since 1990, with predefined keywords. The literature searches were updated twice, in 2015 and 2017. All identified articles were reviewed, and 14 papers that met the inclusion criteria were selected. In the eligible studies, the roles of 10 out of 49 ABC transporters were evaluated; among them, three pumps (ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2) were the most studied transporters in ATC samples. ABCC1 and ABCG2 had the highest expression rates in ATC, and ABCB1 ranked second among the inspected transporters. In conclusion, ABC transporters are the major determinants of ATC resistance to chemotherapy. By identifying these transporters, we can tailor the best treatment approach for patients with ATC. Additional studies are needed to define the exact role of each ABC transporter and other mechanisms in ATC drug resistance.

scholarly journals Ligamentization and Remnant Integration: Review and Analysis of Current Evidence and Implications for Scapholunate Reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim A. J. Lindsay ◽  
Harley R. Myers ◽  
Stephen Tham
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Scapholunate Ligament ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Interosseous Ligament ◽  
Level I ◽  
Graft Remodelling

Abstract Background Scapholunate interosseous ligament injuries are common but remain a therapeutic challenge. Current treatment modalities prioritize restoration of normal anatomy with reconstruction where appropriate. To date no reconstructive technique has been described that discusses the potential benefit of preservation of the scapholunate ligament remnant. Little is known about the “ligamentization” of grafts within the wrist. However, a growing body of knee literature suggests that remnant sparing may confer some benefit. In the absence of wrist specific studies, this literature must guide areas for potential augmentation of current surgical practices. Objective The purpose of this study was to perform a review of the process of ligamentization and a systematic review of the current literature on the possible role of ligament sparring and its effect on ligamentization. Methods A systematic search of the literature was performed to identify all the studies related to remnant sparing and the ligamentization of reconstructed tendons, regardless of graft type or joint involved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed until February 1, 2016 using the following keywords: ligamentization, graft, remodelling, reconstruction, biomechan*, histolo∗, scapholunate ligament. Each selected study was evaluated for methodological quality and risk of bias according to a modified Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation criteria. Conclusions The available literature suggests that ligament sparring demonstrated a trend toward improvements in vascularity, mechanoreceptors, and biomechanics that lessens in significance over time. Clinical Relevance This review suggests that remnant sparing may be one way to improve outcomes of scapholunate ligament reconstructive surgery. Level of Evidence This is a level I/II, review study.

Michael Kelly, Hilary Footitt, Myriam Salama-Carr (eds.): The Palgrave Handbook of Languages and Conflict

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľubomír Zvada
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Speakers Of Other Languages ◽  
War And Conflict ◽  
Almost All

This Handbook maps the contours of an exciting and burgeoning interdisciplinary field concerned with the role of language and languages in situations of conflict. It explores conceptual approaches, sources of information that are available, and the institutions and actors that mediate language encounters. It examines case studies of the role that languages have played in specific conflicts, from colonial times through to the Middle East and Africa today. The contributors provide vibrant evidence to challenge the monolingual assumptions that have affected traditional views of war and conflict. They show that languages are woven into every aspect of the making of war and peace, and demonstrate how language shapes public policy and military strategy, setting frameworks and expectations. The Handbook's 22 chapters powerfully illustrate how the encounter between languages is integral to almost all conflicts, to every phase of military operations and to the lived experiences of those on the ground, who meet, work and fight with speakers of other languages. This comprehensive work will appeal to scholars from across the disciplines of linguistics, translation studies, history, and international relations; and provide fresh insights for a broad range of practitioners interested in understanding the role and implications of foreign languages in war.

A literature review on firms' internationalisation through e-commerce

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Riccardo Resciniti ◽  
Federica De Vanna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
International Business ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of e-commerce has brought considerable changes to the relationship between firms and consumers, especially within international business. Hence, understanding the use of such means for entering foreign markets has become critical for companies. However, the research on this issue is new and so it is important to evaluate what has been studied in the past. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of e-commerce and internationalisation studies to explicate how firms use e-commerce to enter new markets and to export. The studies are classified by theories and methods used in the literature. Moreover, we draw upon the internationalisation decision process (antecedents-modalities-consequences) to propose an integrative framework for understanding the role of e-commerce in internationalisation

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