scholarly journals A Comparative Experimental Study of MIMO A&F and D&F Relay Nodes Using a Software-Defined Radio Platform

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Randy Verdecia-Peña ◽  
José I. Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Channel Coding ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Software Radio ◽  
Block Codes ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Maximum Throughput ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Transport Channel ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Shared Channel

The relaying technologies in co-operative systems are considered a core element in actual and future wireless communications, assisting the network by enhancing its reliability and improving its capability through exploiting co-operativity. In this paper, a co-operative system testbed based on Software Defined Radio (SDR) through Universal Software Radio Peripherals (USRPs) and the MATLABTM software is presented. The main novelty in this development of the platform is the implementation of 4G signal features, such as Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH) for transport channel coding, which is one of the main contribution of the paper. The developed SDR Multi-Input and Multi-Output (MIMO) co-operative platform is capable of developing prototypes for the Relay Nodes (RNs). More specifically, the Amplify-&-Forward (A&F)—with or without Zero Forcing (ZF) and Mean Maximum Square Error (MMSE) Pre-Equalization—and Decode-&-Forward (D&F) protocols were implemented. Both Single-Input and Single-Output (SISO) and MIMO modes are supported by our testbed. The developed A&F and D&F MIMO co-operative systems in this paper utilize Orthogonal Space-Frequency Block Codes (OSFBCs) for the transmission of data symbols from the source to the destination. Our results show that RNs can substantially improve the Bit Error Rate (BER) and throughput in communications between the eNodeB and User Equipment (UE). In particular, the maximum throughput achieved by conventional MIMO A&F is 9.3Mbps at Signal-to-NoiseRatio(SNR)=16dB, which is 4Mbps higher than throughput of MIMO Non-Co-operative. It also shows the capacity improvement when considering the pre-equalization in the A&F schemes, compared to the conventional A&F RN. For example, with MIMO A&F-MMSE pattern, a value os 11.8 Mbps is achieved for SNR=16dB, which is 84.8% of the maximum system throughput (13.95 Mbps). On the other hand, the obtained results with D&F schemes far exceed those obtained with A&F strategies, achieving the maximum performance with the 2×2 MIMO D&F protocol from SNR=8dB.Furthermore, this work constitutes a first stage to the implementation of a 5G New-Radio Co-operative System platform.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Two-Hop mmWave Relay Nodes over the 5G NR Uplink Signal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5828
Author(s):  
Randy Verdecia-Peña ◽  
José I. Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Channel Coding ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Relay Node ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Amplify And Forward ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Qam Modulation

In this paper, the uplink in a two-hop 5G new radio co-operative system using Relay Nodes (RNs) in millimeter bands has been simulated and studied. We focus on an uplink Amplify-and-Forward Relay Node (A&F RN) and Decode-and-Forward Relay Node (D&F RN) with an mmWave-band transceiver chain (Tx/Rx). We study two uplink mmWave MIMO D&F relaying protocols assuming, firstly, the complete knowledge of the uplink channel and, secondly, the uplink channel estimation through a Least Square (LS) algorithm. To verify the benefits of the proposed uplink mmWave MIMO co-operative network, a link-level co-operative simulator has been developed using MatlabTM and SimulinkTM software, where an indoor-to-outdoor scenario and mmWave transceiver with off-the shelf components are considered. The main novelty of this link-level co-operative simulator and the implemented relay nodes is the usage of signals with 5G NR features, such as UL-SCH transport channel coding and PUSCH generation, which are the other main contributions of this article. Based on the numerical results in terms of the achievable Bit Error Rate (BER) and throughput, we show that the two-hop uplink co-operative network substantially improves the performance in the communications between the NR-User Equipment (NR-UE) and the logical 5G Radio Node (gNodeB). For example, the results from using uplink mmWave NR-D&F protocols far exceed those achieved with the uplink mmWave NR-A&F algorithm; in the case of the 64-QAM modulation scheme for the SISO technique, an improvement of 6.5 Mbps was achieved using the D&F PCE protocol, taking into account that the 256-QAM constellation is higher by 4.05 Mbps. On the other hand, an average throughput enhancement of 28.77 Mbps was achieved when an uplink mmWave (2 × 4 × 4) D&F PCE strategy was used versus an uplink mmWave SISO D&F LS protocol for a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) = 20 dB and 64-QAM signal. However, an improvement of 56.42 Mbps was reached when a 256-QAM modulation scheme was employed. Furthermore, this paper introduces the first study to develop an uplink mmWave MIMO 5G co-operative network platform through a Software Defined Radio (SDR) from a practical implementation point of view.

scholarly journals A Two-Hop mmWave MIMO NR-Relay Nodes to Enhance the Average System Throughput and BER in Outdoor-to-Indoor Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1372
Author(s):  
Randy Verdecia-Peña ◽  
José I. Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Channel Estimation ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Channel Coding ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Amplify And Forward ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Decode And Forward

Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) bands are receiving enormous attention in 5G mobile communications, due to the capability to provide a multi-gigabit transmission rate. In this paper, a two-hop architecture for 5G communications with the capacity to support high end-to-end performance due to the use of Relay Nodes (RNs) in mmWave-bands is presented. One of the novelties of the paper is the implementation of Amplify-and-Forward (A&F) and Decode-and-Forward (D&F) RNs along with a mmWave-band transceiver chain (Tx/Rx). In addition, two approaches for channel estimation were implemented at the D&F RN for decoding the backhaul link. One of them assumes complete knowledge of the channel (PCE), and the other one performs the channel estimation through Least Square (LS) estimator. A large number of simulations, using MATLABTM and SimulinkTM software, were performed to verify the potential benefits of the proposal two-hop 5G architecture in an outdoor-to-indoor scenario. The main novelty in performing these simulations is the use of signals with 5G features, as DL-SCH transport channel coding, PDSCH generation, and SS Burst generation, which is another of the main contributions of the paper. On the other hand, mmWave transmitter and receiver chains were designed and implemented with off-the shelf components. The simulations show that the two-hop network substantially improves the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), Bit Error Rate (BER), and Throughput, in the communications between the logical 5G Radio Node (gNodeB), and the New Radio User Equipment (NR-UE). For example, a throughput improvement of 22 Mbps is obtained when a 4 × 4 × 2 MIMO D&F with LS architecture is used versus a SISO D&F with PCE architecture for Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) = 20 dB and 64-QAM signal. This improvement reaches 96 Mbps if a 256-QAM signal is considered. The improvement in BER is 11 dB and 10.5 dB, respectively, for both cases. This work also shows that the obtained results with D&F RNs are better than with A&F RNs. For example, an improvement of 17 Mbps in the use of SISO D&F with LS vs. SISO A&F, for the 64-QAM signal is obtained. Besides, this paper constitutes a first step to the implementation of a mmWave MIMO 5G cooperative network platform.

scholarly journals Design and Development of a Software Defined Radio for Ecuadorian Army, trough the use of a USRP and Simulink tool of Matlab

MASKAY ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Hugo Angulo ◽  
Manolo Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Channel Coding ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Convolutional Codes ◽  
Block Codes ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Comparative Development

This research presents a design of a software defined radio using the USRP and Simulink software of Matlab. Based on voice digitalization, it was considered necessary to implement the codec G.726 of ITU, in 32 Kbps version, to perform the respective comparison with 64 Kbps G.711 codec, which was developed as a Simulink's block set. To provide sturdiness to the system, it was used an appropriate channel coding. This was achieved through the use of block codes and interlaced or Trellis, such as Convolutional codes. Finally, both systems are proposed with QPSK modulation and frequency modulation, with the hope of providing a significant contribution and comparative development to SDR systems, through the assessment by the BER.

FULL-RATE AND LOW-COMPLEXITY SPACE-TIME BLOCK CODING CONCATENATED WITH CHANNEL CODES

2007 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIANGBIN YU ◽  
GUANGGUO BI
Keyword(s):  
Channel Coding ◽  
Turbo Code ◽  
Multiple Antennas ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Space Time ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Time Block ◽  
Coding Schemes ◽  
Full Diversity ◽  
Full Rate

Space-time block (STB) coding has been an effective transmit diversity technique for combating fading recently. In this paper, a full-rate and low-complexity STB coding scheme with complex orthogonal design for multiple antennas is proposed, and turbo code is employed as channel coding to improve the proposed code scheme performance further. Compared with full-diversity multiple antennas STB coding schemes, the proposed scheme can implement full data rate, partial diversity and a smaller complexity, and has more spatial redundancy information. Moreover, using the proposed scheme can form efficient spatial interleaving, thus performance loss due to partial diversity is effectively compensated by the concatenation of turbo coding. Simulation results show that on the condition of the same system throughput and concatenation of turbo code, the proposed scheme has lower bit error rate (BER) than those low-rate and full-diversity multiple antennas STB coding schemes.

scholarly journals Development of Software Defined Radio Algorithm using Mimo OFDM for Short Range Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3994-4003
Keyword(s):  
Channel Estimation ◽  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Carrier Frequency Offset ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Spectrum Efficiency ◽  
Beam Forming ◽  
Maximum Throughput ◽  
Mimo Ofdm

In the recent past, the software defined radio (SDR) using Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) is implemented to improve the data rate and channel estimation with high spectrum and maximum throughput for short range communication. The short range of communication is established to communicate the data between different nodes placed in the appropriate position using localization technique using SDR MIMO OFDM. The 256-M Array Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (256 M-Ary Quartrature Amplitude Modulation) is applied to SDR MIMO OFDM to reduce Modulation Error Rate (MER) for efficient transmission of data through SDR. The high data rate is achieved by applying the beam-forming equalization technique by applying beam-forming between transmitter and receiver of SDR. The Zero-forcing-beam-forming (ZFBF) equalizer is used in frequency domain to correlate transmitter and receiver to improve the spectrum efficiency better. The synchronization error is reduced in the transceiver of SDR by reducing Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) mismatch and Sampling Time Offset (STO). The simulation results have proved that the proposed algorithm have better performance in data rate improvement with elimination of CFO mismatch problem to improve the spectrum efficiency and higher range of channel estimation.

Universal Software Radio Peripheral/GNU Radio-Based Implementation of a Software-Defined Radio Communication System

2019 ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
Ehsan Sheybani
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Software Radio ◽  
Block Code ◽  
Radio Station ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Gnu Radio ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Space Communications ◽  
Radio Communication System

Challenges involved in space communications across wireless channels call for new approaches to radio systems. Due to the growing need for frequency change in modern wireless systems, an adaptive radio system has the highest demand. Software-defined radios (SDR) offer this type of adaptivity as well as compatibility with other standard platforms such as USRP/GNU radio. Despite limitations of this approach due to hardware components, viable modeling and simulation as well as deployable systems are possible using this platform. This chapter presents a detailed implementation procedure for a USRP/GNU radio-based SDR communication system that can be used for practical experiments as well as an academic lab in this field. In this experiment the USRP has been configured to receive signal from a local radio station using the BasicRX model daughterboard. The programmable USRP executes Python block code implemented in the GNU Radio Companion (GRC) on Ubuntu OS.

Secure Baseband Techniques for Generic Transceiver Architecture for Software-Defined Radio

2021 ◽  
pp. 1961-1983
Author(s):  
Nikhil Kumar Marriwala ◽  
Om Prakash Sahu ◽  
Anil Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Software Radio ◽  
Reliable Communication ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
The Future ◽  
Forward Error ◽  
Programmable Hardware

Software Defined Radio (SDR) systems are the ones which can adapt to the future-proof solution and it covers both existing and emerging standards. An SDR has to possess elements of reconfigurability, intelligence and software programmable hardware. The main interest in any communication group is the sure sending of signals of info from a transmitter to a receiver. The signals are transmitted via a guide who corrupts the signal. To ensure reliable communication forward error-correcting (FEC) codes are the main part of a communication system. This chapter will discuss an SDR system built using LabVIEW for a Generic Transceiver. This chapter has covered emerging software radio standards and the technologies being used to specify and support them.

scholarly journals Implementation of Transceiver module for SDR system using ADALM PLUTO platform

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.6) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Sowjanya. P. ◽  
Satyanarayana P.
Keyword(s):  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Software Radio ◽  
Radio Station ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
Open Standard ◽  
Software Modules

Software Defined Radio (SDR) provides a comprehensive radio communication platform, based on which new technology can be used through software update. This leads to a large-scale reduction in expansion costs and enables the product to maintain technology development. The SDR platform can be set up with an open, standard, and programmable hardware platform, based on which the functions of the radio can be perceived by adding appropriate software modules. In this platform, the transformation and expansion of the radio functions are done in a software version without the need for a modification of the equipment. Such software radio station can easily communicate with the current or upcoming radio stations. In this article, we analyze SDR evolution and various platforms and implement various modulation techniques with the aim of successfully transferring a message wirelessly over-the-air using ADALM-PLUTO SDR platform by Analog Devices. 

scholarly journals Performance Enriching Channel Allocation Algorithm for Vehicle-to-Vehicle City, Highway and Rural Network

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (15) ◽  
pp. 3283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Absi ◽  
Al-Absi ◽  
Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Access ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Channel Allocation ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Distributed Mac ◽  
Channel Network ◽  
Shared Channel

Future safety applications require the timely delivery of messages between vehicles. The 802.11p has been standardized as the standard Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for vehicular communication. The 802.11p uses Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) as MAC. CSMA/CA induces unbounded channel access delay. As a result, it induces high collision. To reduce collision, distributed MAC is required for channel allocation. Many existing approaches have adopted Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) based MAC design for channel allocation. However, these models are not efficient at utilizing bandwidth. Cognitive radio technique is been adopted by various existing approach for channel allocation in shared channel network to maximize system throughput. However, it induces MAC overhead, and channel allocation on a shared channel network is considered to be an NP-hard problem. This work addresses the above issues. Here we present distributed MAC design PECA (Performance Enriching Channel Allocation) for channel allocation in a shared channel network. The PECA model maximizes the system throughput and reduces the collision, which is experimentally proven. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance in terms of throughput, collision and successful packet transmission considering a highly congested vehicular ad-hoc network. Experiments are carried out to show the adaptiveness of proposed MAC design considering different environments such City, Highway and Rural (CHR).

Implementation of Multi-Hop Cognitive Radio Testbed using Raspberry Pi and USRP

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Jae Park ◽  
Gyu-min Lee ◽  
Seung-Hun Shin ◽  
Byeong-hee Roh ◽  
Ji Myeong Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Software Radio ◽  
Energy Detection ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Cr System

The increased usage of wireless communication has created a wireless frequency shortage problem. Cognitive Radio (CR) has attracted public attention, as one of the solutions that can resolve this issue. In this paper, the authors built an actual CR system testbed using the SDR (Software Defined Radio) platform, USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) board, the SDR development toolkit, GNU Radio, and Raspberry Pi3, which is a single board computer. They configured Secondary User (SU)s with Raspberry Pi3 for straightforward and portable test environment. The authors' testbed performs spectrum sensing based on energy detection and determines whether the channel is occupied or not. Experimental results not only show performance but also provide their testbed that works well in multi-hop environments.

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