scholarly journals Multiple Use SiPM Integrated Circuit (MUSIC) for Large Area and High Performance Sensors

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Sergio Gómez ◽  
David Sánchez ◽  
Joan Mauricio ◽  
Eduardo Picatoste ◽  
Andreu Sanuy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Output Pulse ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Large Area ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Output Driver

The 8-channel Multiple Use Silicon Photo-multiplier (SiPM) Integrated Circuit (MUSIC) Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for SiPM anode readout has been designed for applications where large photo-detection areas are required. MUSIC offers three main features: (1) Sum of the eight input channels using a differential output driver, (2) eight individual single ended (SE) analog outputs, and (3) eight individual SE binary outputs using a time over threshold technique. Each functionality, summation and individual readout includes a selectable dual-gain configuration. Moreover, the signal sum implements a dual-gain output providing a 15-bit dynamic range. The circuit contains a tunable pole zero cancellation of the SiPM recovery time constant to deal with most of the available SiPM devices in the market. Experimental tests show how MUSIC can linearly sum signals from different SiPMs and distinguish even a few photons. Additionally, it provides a single photon output pulse width at half maximum (FWHM) between 5–10 ns for the analog output and a single-photon time resolution (SPTR) around 118 ps sigma using a Hamamatsu SiPM S13360-3075CS for the binary output. Lastly, the summation mode has a power consumption of ≈200 mW, whereas the individual readout consumes ≈30 mW/ch.

scholarly journals Next generation X-ray detectors for in-house XRD

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeyoshi Taguchi ◽  
Christian Brönnimann ◽  
Eric F. Eikenberry
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Large Area ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Array Detectors ◽  
Good Signal

A novel type X-ray detector, called PILATUS, has been developed at the Paul Scherrer Institut in Switzerland during the last decade. PILATUS detectors are two-dimensional hybrid pixel array detectors, which operate in single-photon counting mode. PILATUS detectors feature a very wide dynamic range (1:1 000 000), very short readout time (<3.0 ms), no readout noise, and very high counting rate (>2×106counts/s/pixel). In addition, a lower energy threshold can be set in order to suppress fluorescence background from the sample, thus a very good signal-to-noise ratio is achieved. The combination of these features for area detectors is unique and thus the PILATUS detectors are considered to be the next generation X-ray detectors. The basic building block of all the detectors is the PILATUS module having an active area of 83.8×33.5 mm2. The PILATUS 100K is a complete detector system with one module. PILATUS detector systems can have other configurations, including large area systems consisting of 20 to 60 modules that can cover up to an area of 431×448 mm2. Such large systems are mainly used for macromolecular structure determination, such as protein crystallography and small angle X-ray scattering. The PILATUS 100K detector can be easily adapted to many systems; the single-module detector is integrated to an in-house X-ray diffraction (XRD) system. Examples of XRD measurements with the PILATUS 100K detector are given.

scholarly journals The ePix10k 2-megapixel hard X-ray detector at LCLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 608-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Brandt van Driel ◽  
Silke Nelson ◽  
Rebecca Armenta ◽  
Gabriel Blaj ◽  
Stephen Boo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Pixel Detector ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Area Detector ◽  
High Dynamic

The ePix10ka2M (ePix10k) is a new large area detector specifically developed for X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) applications. The hybrid pixel detector was developed at SLAC to provide a hard X-ray area detector with a high dynamic range, running at the 120 Hz repetition rate of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). The ePix10k consists of 16 modules, each with 352 × 384 pixels of 100 µm × 100 µm distributed on four ASICs, resulting in a 2.16 megapixel detector, with a 16.5 cm × 16.5 cm active area and ∼80% coverage. The high dynamic range is achieved with three distinct gain settings (low, medium, high) as well as two auto-ranging modes (high-to-low and medium-to-low). Here the three fixed gain modes are evaluated. The resulting dynamic range (from single photon counting to 10000 photons pixel−1 pulse−1 at 8 keV) makes it suitable for a large number of different XFEL experiments. The ePix10k replaces the large CSPAD in operation since 2011. The dimensions of the two detectors are similar, making the upgrade from CSPAD to ePix10k straightforward for most setups, with the ePix10k improving on experimental performance. The SLAC-developed ePix cameras all utilize a similar platform, are tailored to target different experimental conditions and are designed to provide an upgrade path for future high-repetition-rate XFELs. Here the first measurements on this new ePix10k detector are presented and the performance under typical XFEL conditions evaluated during an LCLS X-ray diffuse scattering experiment measuring the 9.5 keV X-ray photons scattered from a thin liquid jet.

scholarly journals A New High-Performance Digital FM Modulator and Demodulator for Software-Defined Radio and Its FPGA Implementation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indranil Hatai ◽  
Indrajit Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Frequency Synthesizer ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Fpga Implementation ◽  
Clock Frequency ◽  
System Clock ◽  
Quarter Wave ◽  
The Individual

This paper deals with an FPGA implementation of a high performance FM modulator and demodulator for software defined radio (SDR) system. The individual component of proposed FM modulator and demodulator has been optimized in such a way that the overall design consists of a high-speed, area optimized and low-power features. The modulator and demodulator contain an optimized direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) based on quarter-wave symmetry technique for generating the carrier frequency with spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) of more than 64 dB. The FM modulator uses pipelined version of the DDFS to support the up conversion in the digital domain. The proposed FM modulator and demodulator has been implemented and tested using XC2VP30-7ff896 FPGA as a target device and can operate at a maximum frequency of 334.5 MHz and 131 MHz involving around 1.93 K and 6.4 K equivalent gates for FM modulator and FM demodulator respectively. After applying a 10 KHz triangular wave input and by setting the system clock frequency to 100 MHz using Xpower the power has been calculated. The FM modulator consumes 107.67 mW power while FM demodulator consumes 108.67 mW power for the same input running at same data rate.

scholarly journals A High-resolution Colloidal Quantum Dot Imager by Monolithic Integration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Peilin Liu ◽  
Dengyang Chen ◽  
Tailong Shi ◽  
Xixi Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monolithic Integration ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Readout Integrated Circuit

Abstract Near-infrared (NIR, 0.7–1.4 µm) imagers have wide applications in night surveillance, material sorting, machine vision and potentially automatic driving. However, limited by the high-temperature processing and requirement of single-crystalline substrate, so far flip-chip is the dominant way to connect infrared photodiodes and silicon-based readout integrated circuit (ROIC) to produce infrared imagers, suffering from complicated process and ultra-high cost and hence limiting their widespread applications in the market. Here we report the monolithic integration of colloidal quantum dots (CQD) photodiodes with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) ROIC, operating as a low-cost and high-performance imager. The CQD photodetector is well designed with a CMOS-compatible structure, demonstrating a response spectral range of 400–1300 nm, a detectivity of 2.1×1012 Jones at room temperature, a -3dB bandwidth of 140 kHz and a linear dynamic range over 100 dB. The CQD imager can identify materials, inspect apple scar and veins with a large size of 640×512 pixels and a spatial resolution of 40 lp/mm at a modulation transfer function of 50%. Monolithic integration significantly reduces the cost without sacrificing performance, thus providing huge potential for the ubiquitous deployment of infrared imagers.

152-dB Dynamic Range With a Large-Area Custom-Technology Single-Photon Avalanche Diode

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Ceccarelli ◽  
Giulia Acconcia ◽  
Ivan Labanca ◽  
Angelo Gulinatti ◽  
Massimo Ghioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Avalanche Diode

scholarly journals High Performance Printed Electronics on Large Area Flexible Substrates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Soni ◽  
Dhayalan Shakthivel ◽  
Adamos Christou ◽  
Ayoub Zumeit ◽  
Nivasan Yogeswaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Flexible Substrates ◽  
Large Area

Improving Efficiency in Robot Assisted Belt Grinding of High Performance Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 907 ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckart Uhlmann ◽  
Florian Heitmüller
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Belt Grinding ◽  
Economy Of Scale ◽  
The Individual

In gas turbines and turbo jet engines, high performance materials such as nickel-based alloys are widely used for blades and vanes. In the case of repair, finishing of complex turbine blades made of high performance materials is carried out predominantly manually. The repair process is therefore quite time consuming. And the costs of presently available repair strategies, especially for integrated parts, are high, due to the individual process planning and great amount of manually performed work steps. Moreover, there are severe risks of partial damage during manually conducted repair. All that leads to the fact that economy of scale effects remain widely unused for repair tasks, although the piece number of components to be repaired is increasing significantly. In the future, a persistent automation of the repair process chain should be achieved by developing adaptive robot assisted finishing strategies. The goal of this research is to use the automation potential for repair tasks by developing a technology that enables industrial robots to re-contour turbine blades via force controlled belt grinding.

scholarly journals Design of a Sensitive Balloon Sensor for Safe Human–Robot Interaction

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2163
Author(s):  
Dongjin Kim ◽  
Seungyong Han ◽  
Taewi Kim ◽  
Changhwan Kim ◽  
Doohoe Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Tactile Sensors ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Mechanical Crack ◽  
Flexible Strain Sensor ◽  
Contact Sensing

As the safety of a human body is the main priority while interacting with robots, the field of tactile sensors has expanded for acquiring tactile information and ensuring safe human–robot interaction (HRI). Existing lightweight and thin tactile sensors exhibit high performance in detecting their surroundings. However, unexpected collisions caused by malfunctions or sudden external collisions can still cause injuries to rigid robots with thin tactile sensors. In this study, we present a sensitive balloon sensor for contact sensing and alleviating physical collisions over a large area of rigid robots. The balloon sensor is a pressure sensor composed of an inflatable body of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and a highly sensitive and flexible strain sensor laminated onto it. The mechanical crack-based strain sensor with high sensitivity enables the detection of extremely small changes in the strain of the balloon. Adjusting the geometric parameters of the balloon allows for a large and easily customizable sensing area. The weight of the balloon sensor was approximately 2 g. The sensor is employed with a servo motor and detects a finger or a sheet of rolled paper gently touching it, without being damaged.

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