scholarly journals Smart Public Lighting Control and Measurement System Using LoRa Network

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sánchez Sutil ◽  
Antonio Cano-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
High Resolution Data

The installation of smart meters in smart cities to monitor streetlights (SLs) provides easy access to measurements of electrical variables and lighting levels, which improves the operation of installation. The use of smart meters in cities requires temporary high-resolution data to improve the energy efficiency (EE) of SLs. Long range (LoRa) is an ideal wireless protocol for use in smart cities due to its low energy consumption, secure communications, and long range indoors and outdoors. For this purpose, we developed a low-cost new system and successfully evaluated it by developing three devices, namely the measure and control device for street lights (MCDSL), lighting level measurement device (LLMD) and gateway LoRa network (GWLN), based on the Arduino open-source electronic platform. This paper describes the hardware and software design and its implementation. Further, an algorithm has been developed to enhance the energy efficiency of public lights using MCDSL, the energy efficiency for street lights (EESL) algorithm, that use the illumination level measured on the same set of SLs with a dynamic control, which assumed different lighting levels throughout the night, and adjusted luminous flux based on the traffic intensity of pedestrians. It sends the acquired data through the LoRa low-power wide-area-network (LPWAN) to the cloud.

scholarly journals Monitoring of the Efficiency and Conditions of Induction Motor Operations by Smart Meter Prototype Based on a LoRa Wireless Network

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cano-Ortega ◽  
F. Sánchez-Sutil
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Approximate Cost ◽  
Wireless Protocol

The installation of smart meters in the industry to monitor induction motors (IMs) provides easy access to the measurements of the electrical and mechanical variables, which improves the installation process. Using smart meters in industry requires temporary high-resolution data to improve the energy efficiency (EE) and power factor (PF) of IMs. For these purposes, Long Range (LoRa) is an ideal wireless protocol for the usage in industries due to its low energy consumption. In addition, it provides secure communications and long range indoors and outdoors. LoRa avoids the need to install antennas or routers to extend coverage, as each gateway can service 300 LoRa devices with distances of up to 10 km. For this purpose, this research successfully developed a new prototype for a low-cost IM Efficiency Monitoring System using LoRa (IMEMSL). IMEMSL is based on the Arduino open-source electronic platform. It sends the acquired data through the LoRa low-power wide-area-network (LPWAN) and cloud access gateway. This document describes the hardware and software design and implementation. The experimental results are presented and discussed. Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and time on air measured endorse the use of LoRa for this type of meters. The approximate cost of the prototype was €72 and €93 for the versions without and with Global Positioning System (GPS), respectively.

scholarly journals LoRaWAN IoT Technology for Energy Smart Metering Case Study Lebanon

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Carine Zaraket ◽  
Panagiotis Papageorgas ◽  
Michel Aillerie ◽  
Kyriakos Agavanakis
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Management System ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Last Mile

Internet of things (IoT) technology is based on connecting each real object to the internet. Every single object is uniquely recognized and reachable over the network. IoT last mile connectivity is based on different communication technologies and protocols, where the majority is categorized as short-range networks that operate in ISM band like Zigbee, Wifi and Bluetooth. Short-range technologies were successfully tested and deployed in different industrial sectors. However, in the energy sectors its deployment is challenging in certain hard to reach areas where a reliable last mile connectivity is required between the home area network (HAN) smart meters and the meter data management system (MDMS). Therefore recently, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology, which offers a long range connectivity, has emerged as a promising technology for IoT. Within LPWAN, variety of platforms exist and operate in licensed and unlicensed spectrum respectively like NB-IoT, and LoRaWAN, Sigfox. In this paper we discuss both the performance of LoRaWAN in a real-world environment and its deployment as a low cost, long range and reliable last mile solution for energy smart metering in urban area scenario where short range solution may not work the best. Furthermore, a prototype that is adapted to the existing Lebanese traditional energy sector was developed to test LoRaWAN usefulness in Lebanon.

scholarly journals A Long-range Context-aware Platform Design For Rural Monitoring With IoT In Precision Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz TAŞKIN ◽  
Selçuk YAZAR
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Iot Applications

The Internet of Things (IoT) applications has been developing greatly in recent years to solve communication problems, especially in rural areas. Within the IoT, the context-awareness paradigm, especially in precision agricultural practices, has come to a state of the planning of production time. As smart cities approach, the smart environment approach also increases its place in IoT applications and has dominated research in recent years in literature. In this study, soil and environmental information were collected in 17 km diameter in rural area with developed Long Range (LoRa) based context-aware platform. With the developed sensor and actuator control unit, soil moisture at 5 cm and 30 cm depth and soil surface temperature information were collected and the communication performance was investigated. During the study, the performance measurements of the developed Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) enabled Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) gateway were also performed.

scholarly journals LoRaWAN Mesh Networks: A Review and Classification of Multihop Communication

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4273
Author(s):  
Jeferson Rodrigues Cotrim ◽  
João Henrique Kleinschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Coverage Area

The growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) led to the deployment of many applications that use wireless networks, like smart cities and smart agriculture. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) meet many requirements of IoT, such as energy efficiency, low cost, large coverage area, and large-scale deployment. Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) networks are one of the most studied and implemented LPWAN technologies, due to the facility to build private networks with an open standard. Typical LoRaWAN networks are single-hop in a star topology, composed of end-devices that transmit data directly to gateways. Recently, several studies proposed multihop LoRaWAN networks, thus forming wireless mesh networks. This article provides a review of the state-of-the-art multihop proposals for LoRaWAN. In addition, we carried out a comparative analysis and classification, considering technical characteristics, intermediate devices function, and network topologies. This paper also discusses open issues and future directions to realize the full potential of multihop networking. We hope to encourage other researchers to work on improving the performance of LoRaWAN mesh networks, with more theoretical and simulation analysis, as well as practical deployments.

scholarly journals Eco-Efficient Mobility in Smart City Scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8443
Author(s):  
Ramon Sanchez-Iborra ◽  
Luis Bernal-Escobedo ◽  
José Santa
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Personal Mobility ◽  
Traffic Efficiency

Cooperative-Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) have brought a technological revolution, especially for ground vehicles, in terms of road safety, traffic efficiency, as well as in the experience of drivers and passengers. So far, these advances have been focused on traditional transportation means, leaving aside the new generation of personal vehicles that are nowadays flooding our streets. Together with bicycles and motorcycles, personal mobility devices such as segways or electric scooters are firm sustainable alternatives that represent the future to achieve eco-friendly personal mobility in urban settings. In a near future, smart cities will become hyper-connected spaces where these vehicles should be integrated within the underlying C-ITS ecosystem. In this paper, we provide a wide overview of the opportunities and challenges related to this necessary integration as well as the communication solutions that are already in the market to provide these moving devices with low-cost and efficient connectivity. We also present an On-Board Unit (OBU) prototype with different communication options based on the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) paradigm and several sensors to gather environmental information to facilitate eco-efficiency services. As the attained results suggest, this module allows personal vehicles to be fully integrated in smart city environments, presenting the possibilities of LoRaWAN and Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) communication technologies to provide vehicle connectivity and enable mobile urban sensing.

LoRaWAN for an IoT-based environmental monitoring application in Tirana city

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evjola Spaho ◽  
Aleksandër Biberaj ◽  
Ares Tahiraga
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Monitoring Application

AbstractRecently, low power wide area networks are attracting a lot of attention by the research community. They are wireless technologies characterized by large coverage area, low bandwidth and long battery life. One of these low power wide area networks technologies, the long range wide area network, can be used for different monitoring applications for health, agriculture, traffic, smart city.In this paper, different simulations and experiments are conducted to implement a low-cost long-range wide area network environmental monitoring application for Tirana city in Albania. Simulation and experimental data are compared and similar results were obtained. In the low-cost implemented system, the gateway can communicate with the sensors placed in strategic positions with long distance covered also using Radio Mobile software.

scholarly journals Development and Calibration of an Open Source, Low-Cost Power Smart Meter Prototype for PV Household-Prosumers

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanchez-Sutil ◽  
Cano-Ortega ◽  
Hernandez ◽  
Rus-Casas
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
International Electrotechnical Commission ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Accuracy Class ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
High Resolution Data

Smart meter roll-out in photovoltaic (PV) household-prosumers provides easy access to granular meter measurements, which enables advanced energy services. The design of these services is based on the training and validation of models. However, this requires temporal high-resolution data for generation/load profiles collected in real-world household facilities. For this purpose, this research developed and successfully calibrated a new prototype for an accurate low-cost On-time Single-Phase Power Smart Meter (OSPPSM), which corresponded to these profiles. This OSPPSM is based on the Arduino open-source electronic platform. Not only can it locally store information, but can also wirelessly send these data to cloud storage in real-time. This paper describes the hardware and software design and its implementation. The experimental results are presented and discussed. The OSPPSM demonstrated that it was capable of in situ real-time processing. Moreover, the OSPPSM was able to meet all of the calibration standard tests in terms of accuracy class 1 (measurement error ≤1%) included in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards for smart meters. In addition, the evaluation of the uncertainty of electrical variables is provided within the context of the law of propagation of uncertainty. The approximate cost of the prototype was 60 € from eBay stores.

Implications of Cybersecurity Breaches in LPWANs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Åke Axeland ◽  
Henrik Hagfeldt ◽  
Magnus Carlsson ◽  
Lina Lagerquist Sergel ◽  
Ismail Butun
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Political Decisions

With the contrast of limited performance and big responsibility of IoT devices, potential security breaches can have serious impacts in means of safety and privacy. Potential consequences of attacks on IoT devices could be leakage of individuals daily habits and political decisions being influenced. While the consequences might not be avoidable in their entirety, adequate knowledge is a fundamental part of realizing the importance of IoT security and during the assessment of damages following a breach. This chapter will focus on two low-powered wide area network (LPWAN) technologies, narrow-band iot (NB-IoT) and long-range wide area network (LoRaWAN). Further, three use cases will be considered—healthcare, smart cities, and industry—which all to some degree rely on IoT devices. It is shown that with enough knowledge of possible attacks and their corresponding implications, more secure IoT systems can be developed.

scholarly journals A Long-Distance Communication Architecture for Medical Devices Based on LoRaWAN Protocol

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Cristina Gaitan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Distance Communication

Recent market studies show that the market for remote monitoring devices of different medical parameters will grow exponentially. Globally, more than 4 million individuals will be monitored remotely from the perspective of different health parameters by 2023. Of particular importance is the way of remote transmission of the information acquired from the medical sensors. At this time, there are several methods such as Bluetooth, WI-FI, or other wireless communication interfaces. Recently, the communication based on LoRa (Long Range) technology has had an explosive development that allows the transmission of information over long distances with low energy consumption. The implementation of the IoT (Internet of Things) applications using LoRa devices based on open Long Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) protocol for long distances with low energy consumption can also be used in the medical field. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed and developed a long-distance communication architecture for medical devices based on the LoRaWAN protocol that allows data communications over a distance of more than 10 km.

scholarly journals Exploratory approach for network behavior clustering in LoRaWAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Garlisi ◽  
Alessio Martino ◽  
Jad Zouwayhed ◽  
Reza Pourrahim ◽  
Francesca Cuomo
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Network Behavior ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Wireless Interface ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThe interest in the Internet of Things (IoT) is increasing both as for research and market perspectives. Worldwide, we are witnessing the deployment of several IoT networks for different applications, spanning from home automation to smart cities. The majority of these IoT deployments were quickly set up with the aim of providing connectivity without deeply engineering the infrastructure to optimize the network efficiency and scalability. The interest is now moving towards the analysis of the behavior of such systems in order to characterize and improve their functionality. In these IoT systems, many data related to device and human interactions are stored in databases, as well as IoT information related to the network level (wireless or wired) is gathered by the network operators. In this paper, we provide a systematic approach to process network data gathered from a wide area IoT wireless platform based on LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network). Our study can be used for profiling IoT devices, in order to group them according to their characteristics, as well as detecting network anomalies. Specifically, we use the k-means algorithm to group LoRaWAN packets according to their radio and network behavior. We tested our approach on a real LoRaWAN network where the entire captured traffic is stored in a proprietary database. Quite important is the fact that LoRaWAN captures, via the wireless interface, packets of multiple operators. Indeed our analysis was performed on 997, 183 packets with 2169 devices involved and only a subset of them were known by the considered operator, meaning that an operator cannot control the whole behavior of the system but on the contrary has to observe it. We were able to analyze clusters’ contents, revealing results both in line with the current network behavior and alerts on malfunctioning devices, remarking the reliability of the proposed approach.

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