scholarly journals Private and Externality Costs and Benefits of Recycling Crystalline Silicon (c-Si) Photovoltaic Panels

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3650
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Markert ◽  
Ilke Celik ◽  
Defne Apul
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Private Cost ◽  
Total Economic Value

With solar photovoltaics (PV) playing an increasing role in our global energy market, it is now timely and critical to understand the end of life management of the solar panels. Recycling the panels can be an important pathway, possibly recovering a considerable amount of materials and adding economic benefits from currently installed solar panels. Yet, to date, the costs and benefits of recycling, especially when externality costs resulting from environmental pollution are considered, are largely unknown. In this study, we quantified the private and externality costs and benefits of recycling crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV panels. We found that the private cost of end-of-life (EoL) management of the c-Si PV module is USD 6.7/m2 and much of this cost is from transporting (USD 3.3/m2) and landfilling (USD 3.1/m2), while the actual recycling process (the cost of consumed materials, electricity or the investment for the recycling facilities) is very small (USD 0.3/m2). We found that the external cost of PV EoL management is very similar to the private cost (USD 5.2/m2). Unlike the breakdown of the private costs, much of the externality costs (USD 4.08/m2) come from the recycling process, which suggests that more environmentally friendly methods (e.g., recycling methods that involve fewer toxic chemicals, acids, etc.) should be preferred. We estimated that the total economic value of the recycled materials from c-Si PV waste is USD 13.6/m2. This means that when externality costs are not considered, the net benefit of recycling is USD 6.7; when the externality cost of recycling is considered, there is still a net benefit of USD 1.19 per m2.

scholarly journals Study on Ecological Economic Benefits of Mangrove in Sauk Village, Lolak Sub-district, Bolaang Mongondow District

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusran Boynauw ◽  
Ridwan Lasabuda ◽  
Unstain N. W. J. Rembet
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Indirect Benefit ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Total Economic Value

This study was carried out in Sauk village,  Lolak district, Bolaang Mongondow regency on June 10th – August 11th, 2016, around mangrove ecosystem at the geographic position of 00 50’ 10’’ N and 1230 56’ 40’’E. It was aimed to a) assess the ecological condition of the mangrove ecosystem of Sauk village based upon the community structure and (b) estimate the economic value of the mangrove ecosystem from direct and indirect benefit. Results found that the ecological value of the mangrove ecosystem was categorized as “rare” (<1000 trees/Ha), with low diversity index (< 2), and Sonneratia alba had very important role with the highest IVI. Total economic value was IDR. 1,116,830,000 per year based upon the benefit value.Keywords : economic benefit, ecology, mangrove ecosystem, Sauk village. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sauk Kec, Lolak Kab. Bolaang Mongondow pada tanggal 10 juni–11 Agustus 2016, di sekitaran kawasan ekosistem mangrove Desa Sauk yang terletak pada posisi geografis N 00 50’ 10’’ dan E 1230 56’ 40’’. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (a) Menilai kondisi ekologi ekosistem mangrove di Desa Sauk berdasarkan struktur komunitas. (b) Menghitung nilai ekonomi ekosistem mangrove berdasarkan nilai guna langsung dan tidak langsung. Nilai ekologi  ekosistem mangrove di Desa Sauk dikategorikan “jarang” (<1000 pohon per Ha), dengan indeks keanekaragaman  rendah (< 2) dan jenis yang yang sangat berperan adalah Sonneratia alba yang memliki INP tertinggi. Sedangkan nilai ekonomi total berdasarkan nilai manfaat sebesar Rp.1.116.830.000 per tahun.Kata Kunci : Manfaat ekonomi, ekologi ekosistem mangrove Desa Sauk

scholarly journals Computer-aided recycling process planning for end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 1369-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Abu Bakar ◽  
S Rahimifard
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Product Recycling

The significant environmental cost associated with management of products at the end-of-life has resulted in the emergence of ‘producer responsibility’ legislations to encourage increase in recovery and recycling practices. In the case of electrical and electronic equipment, one such legislation, namely the ‘Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive’, requires manufacturers to assume financial and legal liability for recovery and recycling of their products at the end-of-life. The current recycling applications of electrical and electronic waste are often developed on ad hoc basis and mainly attributable to the hidden economic value within used products. However, owing to stricter regulations on end-of-life product recycling, it is now essential to evaluate the recycling costs and environmental benefits of reclaimed products and materials as well as the selection of appropriate recycling strategy. The present paper describes the initial investigation in the realization of a computer-aided recycling process planner for electrical and electronic products. The assertion made is that such a systematic approach to producing bespoke eco-efficient recycling process plans for individual products will significantly improve the value recovery from recycling activities.

scholarly journals KONDISI EKOSISTEM DAN VALUASI EKONOMI LAMUN DI PANTAI SAMUH, NUSA DUA, BALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Cornelia Coraima Lazaren ◽  
Made Antara ◽  
Ida Ayu Astarini
Keyword(s):  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystem ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystems ◽  
Total Economic Value

Seagrass ecosystems in addition to providing economic benefits also have ecological functions, so it is highly recommended to conserve these ecosystems in order to preserve spawning areas, nurseries and habitats for fish and other marine biota. This study aims to identify the condition of seagrass ecosystems in Samuh Beach, Nusa Dua, estimating the economic value of the seagrass ecosystems in Samuh Beach, Nusa Dua and formulating for sustainable management of seagrass ecosystems in Samuh Beach, Nusa Dua. The study was conducted in January-March 2020 at Samuh Beach, Nusa Dua, Bali. Data collected includes secondary data and primary data. Secondary data were collected from related institutions, while primary data were collected through purposive sampling and questionnaires. The analysis used was description analysis, calculation of the economic value of marine resources through a Total Economic Value (TEV) and DPSIR analysis. This study found that the actual condition of the seagrass ecosystem resources in Samuh Beach is currently in the category of less rich/less healthy due to natural factors (substrate conditions) and human activity (anthropogenic). The economic value of seagrass ecosystems at Samuh Beach Nusa Dua, Bali showed the total economic value reached IDR. 327,843,325 per year and seagrass ecosystem management strategies that can be applied in the coastal area of ??Samuh Beach are the development of marine ecotourism, stock enrichment, and rehabilitation of seagrass beds. Keywords: Seagrass condition; TEV; economic valuation; Samuh beach.

scholarly journals Assessment of health and economic benefits of walking in the Republic of North Macedonia using Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jansun Bukovetz ◽  
Kristina Shuntova ◽  
Igor Spiroski ◽  
Shaban Memeti
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

Walking as a form of physical activity has immense health benefits, but it also has economic benefits. Walking is a very efficient activity that prevents certain diseases and enables better quality of life of people who already have some disease.A considerable contribution of walking is detected in cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obesity and chronic pulmonary diseases.The aim of this study was to make a health and economic assessment of the benefits of walking in the Republic of North Macedonia by using the Health and Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT).Materials and methods:Health Economic Assessment Tool is a relatively new tool, developed by WHO experts whose expertise is in the field of Public health and is able to calculate the health effects of regular walking and/or cycling. This study was based on using this tool for walking mode for the first time in the Republic of North Macedonia in a population group of 191 participants between the age of 20 to 73 years, with the average age of 35 years.Results:Besides the aforementioned health benefits, HEAT calculates the economic benefits of walking. The tool applied to 191 participants resulted in a total economic value of 108 808.8€ for one yearas well as reduction in mortality rate. Conclusion: We found that less than one fifth of our assessed population spends time in walking according to the WHO, CDC and AHA recommendations. The rest of them, more than four fifths are not following these recommendations. Our assessed population was relatively young, the average age being 35 years old, and the population was healthy, but still the results from this survey were not satisfying.

scholarly journals Economic Valuation of Mangrove Ecosystem in Coastal Area of Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 007 (02) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
Trisla Warningsih ◽  
◽  
Kusai Kusai ◽  
Zulkarnain Zulkarnain ◽  
Lamun Bathara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Direct Benefit ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
Method Analysis

Mangrove ecosystem is a very important resource for the continuity of community life in coastal areas. Mangrove ecosystem in the coastal area of downstream Rokan district has decreased mangrove area because it is used as a pond area to reduce the production of mangrove litter as an ecological function that can be a carrying capacity of coastal capture fisheries. However, the use of coastal areas as pond areas provides economic benefits for aquaculture. This study aims to calculate the economic value of the Rokan Hilir Coastal mangrove ecosystem. This research was conducted in March-April 2019 in the survey method. Analysis to calculate the total economic value of the mangrove ecosystem is NET=ML+MTL+MP. The results showed the total economic benefit value of Rokan Hilir mangrove forest reached IDR 98.697.950.594 / year was a direct benefit value of IDR 701,425,106 / year, indirect benefits were obtained at IDR 94,606,056,000 / year, and the optional benefits reached IDR 3,512,126,520 / year. Mangrove ecosystems are ecosystems that provide many benefits to the Rokan Hilir Coastal community, so this ecosystem is highly expected to be sustainable.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC VALUATION OF MANGROVE FOREST IN THE EAST COAST OF THE CITY OF SURABAYA, EAST JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deni Kusumawardani
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
The City ◽  
Direct Use

The city of Surabaya has been voted as one of the pilot areas of mangrove forest conservation in ASEAN. Most of the mangrove forest area in the city of Surabaya spread across the East Coast (Pamurbaya). The purpose of this study is to estimate the total economic value of mangrove forests in the area as a source of information for planning and evaluation of conservation policy. The results of the valuation involving some valuation techiques, both market and non-market approaches, yield total economic value of about Rp 49.6 billion (US$ 3.8 million) per year, or 105.3 million (US$ 8,101.8) per ha per year. Almost all of these values is the use value, particularly direct use valule both extractive (timber and fisheries) and non extractive (outdoor recreation). Indirect use value which consists of abrasion barrier and carbon sinks contributed relatively small compared to the direct use value. Meanwhile, non-use value is the smallest contributors to the total economic value. This fact proves that the mangrove forest in Pamurbaya has economic benefits outweigh the ecological benefits. Keywords: economic valuation, mangrove, non-market approach, the city of Surabaya

scholarly journals Developing Alternative Mangrove Ecosystem Management Scenarios through Economic Valuation in the Coastal Area of Jangkaran Village, Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwike Ariestantya ◽  
Rika Harini
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Total Economic Value

Mangrove ecosystems have multiple functions, including economic and environmental ones. For optimal benefits, mangrove ecosystem management should be well-proportioned. The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate scenario for managing a mangrove ecosystem alongside aquaculture ponds, by performing an economic valuation to find out the value of management with the most beneficial scenarios, both ecologically and economically. Data were collected through interviews using questionnaires, literature reviews, and institutional data. These data were then processed through economic valuations of the total economic value and cost-benefit analysis. Data were analysed spatially and descriptive-quantitatively. The total economic value of the mangrove ecosystem was USD 6.73 million. The benefit and costs of managing mangrove ecotourism were USD 3,930.74/ha/year and USD 1,701.69/ha/year, respectively, whereas the benefits and costs of managing ponds were USD 150,433.85/ha/year and USD 55,269.46/ha/year, respectively. The prioritized scenario of mangrove ecosystem management is one with an ideal proportion of mangrove and pond areas (i.e. 50:50) and the total ecological and economic benefits for a period of 25 years is USD 19.17 million.

ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF USE LAND IN CONDITIONS OF INFRINGEMENT OF INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Oksana Sakal
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Effectiveness ◽  
Land User ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Welfare Theory

The article is devoted doctrinal issues of environmental and economic effectiveness of use land in conditions of infringement of institutional transformations. The modern approaches to the definition of content of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use are analyzed. It is established that the overwhelming majority of domestic researchers interpret this notion regarding the use of agricultural land or farm land. It is proved that such an approach is justified, taking into account the structure of the land fund of Ukraine. However, this reduces other goals of the land user and functions of the land. It is proposed to investigate the category of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use in accordance with the provisions of the ecological economics, social welfare theory, and concept of total economic value. Based on the classification of land functions, the criteria of selection material content and social form of ecological and economic effectiveness of land use are determined.

scholarly journals Estimating the Total Economic Value of Cultivated Flower Land in Taiwan

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 4764-4782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Huang Huang ◽  
Chiung-Hsia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Total Economic Value

scholarly journals Evidence on the economic value of end-of-life and palliative care interventions: a narrative review of reviews

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xhyljeta Luta ◽  
Baptiste Ottino ◽  
Peter Hall ◽  
Joanna Bowden ◽  
Bee Wee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Dying Patients ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Population Type ◽  
Care Models

Abstract Background As the demand for palliative care increases, more information is needed on how efficient different types of palliative care models are for providing care to dying patients and their caregivers. Evidence on the economic value of treatments and interventions is key to informing resource allocation and ultimately improving the quality and efficiency of healthcare delivery. We assessed the available evidence on the economic value of palliative and end-of-life care interventions across various settings. Methods Reviews published between 2000 and 2019 were included. We included reviews that focused on cost-effectiveness, intervention costs and/or healthcare resource use. Two reviewers extracted data independently and in duplicate from the included studies. Data on the key characteristics of the studies were extracted, including the aim of the study, design, population, type of intervention and comparator, (cost-) effectiveness resource use, main findings and conclusions. Results A total of 43 reviews were included in the analysis. Overall, most evidence on cost-effectiveness relates to home-based interventions and suggests that they offer substantial savings to the health system, including a decrease in total healthcare costs, resource use and improvement in patient and caregivers’ outcomes. The evidence of interventions delivered across other settings was generally inconsistent. Conclusions Some palliative care models may contribute to dual improvement in quality of care via lower rates of aggressive medicalization in the last phase of life accompanied by a reduction in costs. Hospital-based palliative care interventions may improve patient outcomes, healthcare utilization and costs. There is a need for greater consistency in reporting outcome measures, the informal costs of caring, and costs associated with hospice.

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