scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of the Impact of the Location of a Commercial Broiler House on Its Energy Management and Heat Exchange with the Ground

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8565
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Nawalany ◽  
Jana Lendelova ◽  
Paweł Sokołowski ◽  
Miroslav Zitnak
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Energy Gains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Broiler House

This paper addresses the impact of location on energy management and ground heat transfer in a commercial large-scale broiler house. Four locations in Europe were selected for analysis: Krakow (Poland), Vienna (Austria), Modena (Italy), and Oslo (Norway). An analysis of the impact of location on energy management was performed using the numerical method of computing elemental balances (MEB). WUFIplus® computer software was used to assist in the calculation process. Computer simulations of the effects of location on selected technical factors were performed after validating the computational model. The complex area of building and land was divided into cuboidal balance–difference elements using model discretization. Energy and temperature balance calculations were performed for each balance–difference element assuming a time step every 60 min. Validation of the computational model was performed based on the measured temperature inside and outside the broiler house. The variation in outdoor climate significantly affected the energy flow through the building envelope and ventilation system. Providing that the same material and construction solutions are adopted, a building located in the south of Europe requires 43% less energy for heating compared to a building located in the northern part of the continent. Due to it having the highest solar radiation, the highest energy gains were obtained for the building located in Modena. The buildings located in Krakow and Vienna had a 50% lower yield of thermal energy from the external environment. The percentage of land in the energy balance of the studied building ranged from 8.00 to 8.56%, depending on location. The highest energy gains were obtained for the building located in Modena (4112.8 kWh/a). The buildings located in Krakow and Vienna were characterized by a heat energy yield from the external environment that was two times lower. For the site located in Oslo, it was found that the largest thermal energy gain came from the ground medium located under and surrounding the broiler house (1137 kWh/a). The location of the broiler house significantly affects year-round heating needs. The building located in Oslo required 677,207.2 kWh/a of energy for heating purposes.

scholarly journals Multiagent Systems Based Modeling and Implementation of Dynamic Energy Management of Smart Microgrid Using MACSimJX

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Raju ◽  
R. S. Milton ◽  
Senthilkumaran Mahadevan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Power Exchange ◽  
Distributed Energy Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Energy Management

The objective of this paper is implementation of multiagent system (MAS) for the advanced distributed energy management and demand side management of a solar microgrid. Initially, Java agent development environment (JADE) frame work is used to implement MAS based dynamic energy management of solar microgrid. Due to unstable nature of MATLAB, when dealing with multithreading environment, MAS operating in JADE is linked with the MATLAB using a middle ware called Multiagent Control Using Simulink with Jade Extension (MACSimJX). MACSimJX allows the solar microgrid components designed with MATLAB to be controlled by the corresponding agents of MAS. The microgrid environment variables are captured through sensors and given to agents through MATLAB/Simulink and after the agent operations in JADE, the results are given to the actuators through MATLAB for the implementation of dynamic operation in solar microgrid. MAS operating in JADE maximizes operational efficiency of solar microgrid by decentralized approach and increase in runtime efficiency due to JADE. Autonomous demand side management is implemented for optimizing the power exchange between main grid and microgrid with intermittent nature of solar power, randomness of load, and variation of noncritical load and grid price. These dynamics are considered for every time step and complex environment simulation is designed to emulate the distributed microgrid operations and evaluate the impact of agent operations.

Assessing the effect of night ventilation on PCM performance in high-rise residential buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrzad Soudian ◽  
Umberto Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Solidification Rate ◽  
Operative Temperature ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
Night Ventilation ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates the possibility to enhance the use of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) as an energy retrofit measure by night ventilation strategies. For this scope, phase change materials (PCMs) are integrated into wall and ceiling surfaces of high-rise residential buildings with highly glazed facades that experience high indoor diurnal temperatures. In particular, this article investigates the effect of night ventilation on the performance of the PCMs, namely, the daily discharge of the thermal energy stored by PCMs. Following previous experimental tests that have shown the efficacy of LHTES in temperate climates, a system comprising two PCM layers with melting temperatures selected for a year-around LHTES was considered. To quantify the effectiveness of different night ventilation strategies to enhance the potential of this composite PCM system, simulations in EnergyPlusTM were performed. The ventilation flow rate, set point temperature, and operation period were the main tested parameters. The performance of the PCMs in relation to the variables was evaluated based on indoor operative temperature and cooling energy use variations in Toronto and New York in the summer. The solidification of the PCMs was analyzed based on the amount of night ventilation needed in each climate condition. The results quantify the positive impact of combining PCMs with night ventilation on cooling energy reductions and operative temperature regulation of the following days. In particular, the results indicate higher benefits obtainable with PCMs coupled with night ventilation in the context of Toronto, since this city experiences higher daily temperature fluctuations. The impact of night ventilation design variables on the solidification rate of the PCMs varied based on each parameter leading to different compromises based on the PCM and climate characteristics.

scholarly journals A Review on Thermal Energy Modelling for Optimal Microgrids Management

Thermo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Mengxuan Yan ◽  
Dongxiao Wang ◽  
Chun Sing Lai ◽  
Loi Lei Lai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Modelling ◽  
Microgrid Energy Management ◽  
Combined Cooling

Microgrids have become increasingly popular in recent years due to technological improvements, growing recognition of their benefits, and diminishing costs. By clustering distributed energy resources, microgrids can effectively integrate renewable energy resources in distribution networks and satisfy end-user demands, thus playing a critical role in transforming the existing power grid to a future smart grid. There are many existing research and review works on microgrids. However, the thermal energy modelling in optimal microgrid management is seldom discussed in the current literature. To address this research gap, this paper presents a detailed review on the thermal energy modelling application on the optimal energy management for microgrids. This review firstly presents microgrid characteristics. Afterwards, the existing thermal energy modeling utilized in microgrids will be discussed, including the application of a combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) and thermal comfort model to form virtual energy storage systems. Current trial programs of thermal energy modelling for microgrid energy management are analyzed and some challenges and future research directions are discussed at the end. This paper serves as a comprehensive review to the most up-to-date thermal energy modelling applications on microgrid energy management.

scholarly journals Impact of public health interventions to curb SARS-CoV-2 spread assessed by an evidence-educated Delphi panel and tailored SEIR model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Brüggenjürgen ◽  
Hans-Peter Stricker ◽  
Lilian Krist ◽  
Miriam Ortiz ◽  
Thomas Reinhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Delphi Panel ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Seir Model ◽  
Health Policy Decision ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim To use a Delphi-panel-based assessment of the effectiveness of different non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) in order to retrospectively approximate and to prospectively predict the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic progression via a SEIR model (susceptible, exposed, infectious, removed). Methods We applied an evidence-educated Delphi-panel approach to elicit the impact of NPIs on the SARS-CoV-2 transmission rate R0 in Germany. Effectiveness was defined as the product of efficacy and compliance. A discrete, deterministic SEIR model with time step of 1 day, a latency period of 1.8 days, duration of infectiousness of 5 days, and a share of the total population of 15% assumed to be protected by immunity was developed in order to estimate the impact of selected NPI measures on the course of the pandemic. The model was populated with the Delphi-panel results and varied in sensitivity analyses. Results Efficacy and compliance estimates for the three most effective NPIs were as follows: test and isolate 49% (efficacy)/78% (compliance), keeping distance 42%/74%, personal protection masks (cloth masks or other face masks) 33%/79%. Applying all NPI effectiveness estimates to the SEIR model resulted in a valid replication of reported occurrence of the German SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A combination of four NPIs at consented compliance rates might curb the CoViD-19 pandemic. Conclusion Employing an evidence-educated Delphi-panel approach can support SARS-CoV-2 modelling. Future curbing scenarios require a combination of NPIs. A Delphi-panel-based NPI assessment and modelling might support public health policy decision making by informing sequence and number of needed public health measures.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Deployment and COVID-19 Measures for Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4418
Author(s):  
Miraj Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Jaehyung An ◽  
Alexey Mikhaylov ◽  
Nikita Moiseev ◽  
Mir Sayed Shah Danish
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Short Term Memory ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact

The main goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of restrictive measures introduced in connection with COVID-19 on consumption in renewable energy markets. The study will be based on the hypothesis that similar changes in human behavior can be expected in the future with the further spread of COVID-19 and/or the introduction of additional quarantine measures around the world. The analysis also yielded additional results. The strongest reductions in energy generation occurred in countries with a high percentage (more than 80%) of urban population (Brazil, USA, the United Kingdom and Germany). This study uses two models created with the Keras Long Short-Term Memory (Keras LSTM) Model, and 76 and 10 parameters are involved. This article suggests that various restrictive strategies reduced the sustainable demand for renewable energy and led to a drop in economic growth, slowing the growth of COVID-19 infections in 2020. It is unknown to what extent the observed slowdown in the spread from March 2020 to September 2020 due to the policy’s impact and not the interaction between the virus and the external environment. All renewable energy producers decreased the volume of renewable energy market supply in 2020 (except China).

scholarly journals Assessment of Pellets from Three Forest Species: From Raw Material to End Use

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Miguel Alfonso Quiñones-Reveles ◽  
Víctor Manuel Ruiz-García ◽  
Sarai Ramos-Vargas ◽  
Benedicto Vargas-Larreta ◽  
Omar Masera-Cerutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
End Use ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the relationship between chemical properties, energy efficiency, and emissions of wood and pellets from madroño Arbutus xalapensis Kunth, tázcate Juniperus deppeana Steud, and encino colorado Quercus sideroxyla Humb. & Bonpl. in two gasifiers (top-lit-up-draft (T-LUD) and electricity generation wood camp stove (EGWCS)) in order to determine the reduction of footprint carbon. In accordance with conventional methodologies, we determined the extracts and chemical components (lignin, cellulose, holocellulose), and the immediate analyses were carried out (volatile materials, fixed carbon, ash content and microanalysis of said ash), as well as the evaluation of emission factors (total suspended particulate matter (PM2.5), CO, CO2, CH4, black carbon (BC), elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC)). The results were statistically analyzed to compare each variable among species and gasifiers. The raw material analyzed showed how the pH ranged from 5.01 to 5.57, and the ash content ranged between 0.39 and 0.53%. The content values of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mg, and Ca ranged from 0.08 to 0.22, 0.18 to 0.19, 0.38 to 0.84, 1.75 to 1.90, and 3.62 to 3.74 mg kg−1, respectively. The extractive ranges from cyclohexane were 2.48–4.79%, acetone 2.42–4.08%, methanol 3.17–7.99%, and hot water 2.12–4.83%. The range of lignin was 18.08–28.60%. The cellulose content ranged from 43.30 to 53.90%, and holocellulose from 53.50 to 64.02%. The volatile material range was 81.2–87.42%, while fixed carbon was 11.30–17.48%; the higher heating value (HHV) of raw material and pellets presented the ranges 17.68–20.21 and 19.72–21.81 MJ kg−1, respectively. Thermal efficiency showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between pellets and gasifiers, with an average of 31% Tier 3 in ISO (International Organization for Standardization) for the T-LUD and 14% (ISO Tier 1) for EGWCS, with Arbutus xalapensis being the species with the highest energy yield. The use of improved combustion devices, as well as that of selected raw material species, can reduce the impact of global warming by up to 33% on a cooking task compared to the three-stone burner.

Hierarchically Organized Biomimetic Architectured Silk Fibroin–Ceramic-Based Anisotropic Hybrid Aerogels for Thermal Energy Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1739-1751
Author(s):  
Hajar Maleki ◽  
Thomas Fischer ◽  
Christoph Bohr ◽  
Jaqueline Auer ◽  
Sanjay Mathur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Hybrid Aerogels
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