scholarly journals L-Asparaginase-Based Biosensors

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 848-858
Author(s):  
João C. F. Nunes ◽  
Raquel O. Cristóvão ◽  
Valéria C. Santos-Ebinuma ◽  
Joaquim L. Faria ◽  
Cláudia G. Silva ◽  
...  

L-asparaginase (ASNase) is an aminohydrolase enzyme widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Although currently its main applications are focused on the treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acrylamide reduction in starch-rich foods cooked at temperatures above 100 °C, its use as a biosensor in the detection and monitoring of L-asparagine levels is of high relevance. ASNase-based biosensors are a promising and innovative technology, mostly based on colorimetric detection since the mechanism of action of ASNase is the catalysis of the L-asparagine hydrolysis, which releases L-aspartic acid and ammonium ions, promoting a medium pH value change followed by color variation. ASNase biosensing systems prove their potential for L-asparagine monitoring in ALL patients, along with L-asparagine concentration analysis in foods, due to their simplicity and fast response.

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Duc Hoan Truong ◽  
◽  
Thuy Phuong Ngo- ◽  
Duc Manh Dinh ◽  
Thanh Tung Dang ◽  
...  

This paper studied the effects of feed properties in spray drying formulation of prototype industrial cracking catalysts at the laboratory scale. The results showed that the pH of the drying feed mainly affected the active phase HY zeolite. At a high pH value, a strongly alkaline medium (pH 14), the HY zeolite structure was completely destroyed, resulting in the cracking catalyst with a low surface area. Hence, the pH of the drying feed should be adjusted to a low value, preferably a slightly acidic medium (pH 3). The solid content mainly affected the particle size of the cracking catalyst. As increasing the solid content in the drying feed, the particle size of the cracking catalysts increased and reached the maximum average value at about 40 μm which corresponded to the solid content of 15 wt.%. At a higher solid content (20 wt.%), the catalyst particle size and surface area tended to decrease. Thus, the solid content of 15 wt.% was considered to be optimal.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Junjie Shi ◽  
Junchao Pang ◽  
Weihua Liu ◽  
Hongzhong Liu ◽  
...  

Graphene channel liquid container field effect transistor pH sensor with interdigital microtrench for liquid ion testing is presented. Growth morphology and pH sensing property of continuous few-layer graphene (FLG) and quasi-continuous monolayer graphene (MG) channels are compared. The experiment results show that the source-to-drain current of the graphene channel FET has a significant and fast response after adsorption of the measured molecule and ion at the room temperature; at the same time, the FLG response time is less than 4 s. The resolution of MG (0.01) on pH value is one order of magnitude higher than that of FLG (0.1). The reason is that with fewer defects, the MG is more likely to adsorb measured molecule and ion, and the molecules and ions can make the transport property change. The output sensitivities of MG are from 34.5% to 57.4% when the pH value is between 7 and 8, while sensitivity of FLG is 4.75% when thepH=7. The sensor fabrication combines traditional silicon technique and flexible electronic technology and provides an easy way to develop graphene-based electrolyte gas sensor or even biological sensors.


1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Buday

The paper deals with adsorption of ammonium ions from wastewater of ammonia and ammonium nitrate plant on cation exchange resins. The aim of the treatment was not only separation of ammonium ions but also their return to the technology of ammonium nitrate fertilizer. Therefore, it was desirable to obtain high concentration of eluate. The columns of cation exchangers were arranged in the so-called “coupled columns” technique. The results were obtained on the pilot scale (0.6 m3.h−1) and in full scale (50 −110 m3.h−1) plants. Nitric acid was used for the regeneration of the exhausted resins. Its concentration was in the range of 3.9 − 7.0 mol.1−1. The average ammonium concentration of the eluate was in the range of 0.95 − 2.35 mol.l−1. This parameter of the treatment process depended on the pH value of wastewater and on the concentration of the regenerant. The concentration of ammonium nitrate achieved in the eluate is sufficient for its utilization in the technology for the ammonium nitrate fertilizer production.


2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Hiraishi ◽  
Yuichi Kitasako ◽  
Toru Nikaido ◽  
Satoshi Nomura ◽  
Michael F Burrow ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 66-68 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Long Feng Li ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Mao Lin Zhang

Ca-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compounds (CaMgAl-HTLcs) were synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) techniques. The effects of the medium pH value, the molar ratio of the raw materials, the reaction temperature and the reaction time on the structure of CaMgAl-HTLcs were studied. The results showed that increasing treatment temperature and reaction time could improve the crystallinity and monodispersity of hydrotalcite-like compound particles. And well-defined CaMgAl-HTLcs could be prepared at a pH value of 10~11 with n(Zn+Mg+Ca):n(Al) =2. The products synthesized were applied to PVC to improve the thermal stability of PVC.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. e00097
Author(s):  
T.V. Schäfer ◽  
A.A. Tyaptin ◽  
T.B. Pechurina

The goal of study was the determination of the ionization constants for the oximes – cholinesterases reactivators in aqueous solutions at different temperatures. The wavelengths of absorption maxima of the protonated and deprotonated oxime groups, the molar extinction coefficients of the various oximes species, and the ionization constants for the oxime cholinesterases reactivators (isonitrosin, pralidoxime, dipyroxime, toxogonin, methoxime, carboxime and asoxime) were obtained using spectrophotometric data (wavelength 190 to 450 nm) in solutions (pH 5 – 12) at 20°C, 25°C and 37°C. The proportion of nucleophilic forms involved in the oxime-induced reactivation of phosphorylated cholinesterases was shown to be is positively dependent on the incubation medium pH value and temperature. A hypothesis that the temperature affects the oximes ability to reactivate phosphorylated cholinesterases has been proposed.


Author(s):  
Д.В. Иванов ◽  
С.В. Шевченко ◽  
М.А. Екатеринчева

Исследованы продукты взаимодействия лимонной кислоты, карбамида и аммиака как компоненты карбамидоформальдегидного связующего. Установлено, что полученные соли выступают в качестве отвердителей карбамидоформальдегидной смолы, обладая свойствами прямых и латентных катализаторов отверждения. Из-за низкого значения pH они обеспечивают значительное подкисление связующего сразу после совмещения со смолой, таким образом, действуя как прямые катализаторы отверждения. При этом замещение ионов водорода некоторых карбоксильных групп лимонной кислоты на ион аммония позволяет им обеспечивать снижение значения pH связующего во времени, что является признаком латентных катализаторов. Корреляционной обработкой экспериментальных данных установлено, что величина изменения значения pH связующего во времени на 99 определяется количеством аммиака в рецептуре отвердителя. Наиболее ярко свойства латентного катализатора выражены у отвердителя, синтезированного при мольном соотношении лимонная кислота : карбамид : аммиак - 1 : 1,5 :1,5, получившего рабочее название МО-1,5. В условиях изготовления однослойных древесностружечных плит МО-1,5 способен обеспечивать достаточную глубину отверждения смолы и служить заменой традиционным отвердителям. Он наиболее эффективен во внутреннем слое изготавливаемых плит, о чём свидетельствует повышенная прочность при растяжении перпендикулярно пласти. Плиты, изготовленные с использованием МО-1,5, по сравнению с плитами, изготовленными с использованием традиционного отвердителя - сульфата аммония, обладают на 2040 меньшим содержанием формальдегида. Таким образом, МО-1,5 выступает и как модификатор карбамидоформальдегидной смолы, снижающий токсичность готовых плит. Products of interaction of citric acid, urea and ammonia have been researched as components of urea-formaldehyde glue. Obtained salts have properties of direct and latent catalysts of hardening and can perform as hardeners of urea-formaldehyde resin. Because of low pH value they increase acidity of the glue immediately after combining with resin and act like direct catalysts of hardening. Wherein substitution of hydrogen ions of some carboxyl groups belonging to citric acid on ammonium ions allows to provide a gradual decrease of glue pH value thus they act like latent catalysts. The correlative processing of data has revealed that the change of pH value 99 depends on the amount of ammonia in the hardener formula.The properties of latent catalysts express mostly when hardener is synthesized at molar ratio of citric acid : urea : ammonia - 1 : 1,5 : 1,5, the hardener has been named МО-1,5. During manufacturing of single layer particleboard МО-1,5 is able to provide the necessary depth of resin hardening so it can serve as a substitute to traditional latent catalysts. It is the most effective in the inner layer of manufactured boards, as evidenced by high tensile strength perpendicularly to plane. In comparison with wooden boards manufactured with such traditional hardener as ammonia sulfate wooden boards manufactured with МО-1,5 have 20...40 lower formaldehyde content. Thus МО-1,5 performs also as a modifier of urea-formaldehyde resin providing lower toxicity of wooden board.


2015 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 511-514
Author(s):  
Lian Tan ◽  
Lan Qian Li ◽  
Jing Dong ◽  
Zu Lan Liu ◽  
Yi Ping Liu ◽  
...  

Flexible magnetic nanoparticles decorated with dialdehyde starch (DAS) were developed and used as a novel enzyme support for the covalent conjugation of papain. The analyses of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the preparation of magnetic particles with flexible long molecular chains on their surfaces and conjugation of papain with the Fe3O4-DAS nanoparticles. Considering that the immobilized papain was found to exhibit better tolerance to the variations of temperature and medium pH, an advantage of easy to magnetic separation and lack of negative effect on biological activity, the kind of flexible magnetic bioconjugate support should be a good immobilized enzyme carrier, and has potential application in textile, leather, food industries.


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 4996
Author(s):  
Ye Xi ◽  
Zhejun Guo ◽  
Longchun Wang ◽  
Qingda Xu ◽  
Tao Ruan ◽  
...  

pH value plays an important role in many fields such as chemistry and biology; therefore, rapid and accurate pH measurement is very important. Because of its advantages in preparation, wide test range, rapid response, and good biocompatibility, iridium oxide material has received more and more attention. In this paper, we present a method for preparing iridium oxide pH microelectrodes based on the sputter deposition method. The sputtering parameters of iridium oxide are also studied and optimized. Open-circuit potential tests show that microelectrodes exhibit near-Nernstian pH response with good linearity (about 60 mV/pH), fast response, high stability (a slight periodic fluctuation of potential change <2.5 mV in 24 h), and good reversibility in the pH range of 1.00–13.00.


1969 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Li ◽  
Carol Jordan

The rainbow trout ovary cells proliferated well at 18 and 23 C, and at culture medium pH value of 7.1 and 7.9. Outside these limits cell proliferation was hindered and the cellular morphology was affected significantly. The ovary cells have been shown to be susceptible to amphibian virus (LT-1).


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