scholarly journals The Way of Macroplastic through the Environment

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Lechthaler ◽  
Kryss Waldschläger ◽  
Georg Stauch ◽  
Holger Schüttrumpf
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Receptor Model ◽  
Applied Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Structured Approach

With the focus on microplastic in current research, macroplastic is often not further considered. Thus, this review paper is the first to analyse the entry paths, accumulation zones, and sinks of macroplastic in the aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environment by presenting transport paths and concentrations in the environment as well as related risks. This is done by applying the Source–Pathway–Receptor model on macroplastic in the environment. Based on this model, the life cycle of macroplastic is structurally described, and knowledge gaps are identified. Hence, current research aspects on macroplastic as well as a sound delimitation between macro- and microplastic that can be applied to future research are indicated. The results can be used as basic information for further research and show a qualitative assessment of the impact of macroplastic that ends up in the environment and accumulates there. Furthermore, the applied model allows for the first time a quantitative and structured approach to macroplastic in the environment.

Share or Lose

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-285
Author(s):  
Kamil Yagci ◽  
Mahmut Efendi ◽  
Sureyya Akçay
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Technology ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The Impact

In addition to the development of social technology and the widespread use of the internet, the fact that people are getting used to sharing their goods and services has made the concept of sharing economy a popular issue. Sharing economy is “a potential new way for sustainability,” and it is noted that it would disrupt the unsustainable hyper-consumption practices directing capitalist economies. In this regard, the importance of sharing economy becomes prominent. In this study, first of all, basic information was given about sharing economy and then the concepts about how it made progress were introduced. In the next step, the definitions of sharing economy were given, the importance of sharing was mentioned, and then the products used in sharing economy were mentioned. In the following stage, the benefits of sharing economy to nature were addressed, and the weaknesses and dark sides of sharing economy were revealed. Finally, the impact of the sharing economy on the service sector was emphasized, and opinions were presented for future research on this subject.

Pro-Environmental Purchasing Behaviour during the economic crisis

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Tilikidou ◽  
Antonia Delistavrou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Consumer Engagement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Purchasing Behaviour ◽  
Social Desirability Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Examination of Pro-Environmental Purchasing Behaviour (PPB) and its potential components. Investigation of the number and the size of relevant consumer segments. Determining the factors able to describe the segment of frequent pro-environmental purchasers. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Investigation of PPB as a total multi-item variable. Disclosure of the PPB components. Examination of the Purchase component and disclosure of its clusters. Focus on the cluster of frequent purchasers. Estimation of the demographic, attitudinal and psychographic variables able to describe and predict these consumers. Findings – Two components of PPB were found, namely Conservation (high consumer engagement in this) and Purchase (low consumer engagement in this). Inside the Purchase component of PPB three clusters were found, indicating, respectively, low, average and relatively high consumers’ involvement. Consumers in Cluster 3 (frequent pro-environmental purchasers) are fewer than in the past. They were found to be negatively influenced by environmental unconcern attitudes and Materialism, while they were positively affected by locus of control over politics and Universalism. Research limitations/implications – No demographic profile of frequent purchasers. Geographical area limited (a potential) generalisation of results. Social desirability effect. Future research with reference to evolutions in pro-environmental post-purchasing or non-purchasing behaviours during the years of economic crisis. Practical implications – Fewer consumers would buy ecological products if these were not comparable enough with the conventional products in terms of price and efficacy. Originality/value – First effort to explore the impact of the economic crisis on PPB in Greece. Encompassed new categories of ecological products. Revealed two components inside PPB (Purchase and Conservation) as well as number and size of consumer segments inside the Purchase component. Formulation of a partial profile of the frequent pro-environmental purchasers. Impact of Universalism on PPB was for the first time examined.

scholarly journals Impact of an Interprofessional Education Quality of Life Forum on Students’ Perceptions and Commitment to Addressing Local Health Disparities and the Social Determinants of Health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Bayliss ◽  
Erin Hofmeyer ◽  
BC Charles-Liscombe ◽  
Kristin Clephane ◽  
Sandra Matthias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Healthcare providers and educational programs share a challenge where limited resources make interprofessional education (IPE) and collaboration difficult. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of IPE, specifically The Greater Cincinnati Quality of Life Forum within the School of Health Science at Mount St. Joseph University, on students’ perceptions of communication skills, collaboration, and values of interprofessional practice as they relate to emergent topics within the community and healthcare. Methods: Consenting participants completed an electronic survey with five reflection questions. Qualitative assessment included analysis of text for emergent themes. Results: Four themes evolved impacting future practice: consciousness, roles and responsibilities, professional values and ethics, and skepticism of the IPE activity benefit. Analysis of data also revealed three learner-readiness categories: desire to know, desire to act, and questioning value and validity. Conclusion & Recommendations: This IPE activity aimed to integrate holistic patient care approaches within a supportive interprofessional team. Educators ought to consider alignment of IPE activities to the learner audience for better integration of the process. Future research should also include longitudinal assessment of students’ development through IPE activities.

scholarly journals Business Cluster and Entrepreneurship Growth in Nigeria: A Systematic Review.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-108
Author(s):  
Isiaka Mustapha ◽  
Zubairu Umaru Mustapha ◽  
Sakariyau Busra
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economy Growth ◽  
Entrepreneurial Attitudes ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Research Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

The research in business clusters (BC) system of entrepreneurship development has increased in the recent year.  A plethora of research has explored; entrepreneurship and urban growth, the entrepreneurial attitudes on the structure of support for entrepreneurship in an ecosystem, the effect of business clusters on firm performance and more recently, the dimension of agglomeration, institution and environment on business clusters.  With the aid of Systematic Qualitative Assessment Techniques (SQAT), we review 79 business cluster journal articles published over the last 11 years (2010 – 2020) that sought to provide BC antecedent and impact on entrepreneurship and economy growth to provide a point for future research. Also, the review provides the geographic distribution, time distribution, underlying drivers of previous research, types and method of data collection used by these BC articles. Our findings shed light on the key themes including the evolution of BC, the impact of BC on the economy, application of BCs and the public policy maker roles. Furthermore, there is a dearth of BC research in Africa, South America and Australasia with most BC research are empirical and this represents gaps for future researchers to explore.

scholarly journals Building Towards Common Psychosocial Measures in U.S. Cohort Studies: A Qualitative Assessment of Principal Investigators’ Views regarding the Role of Spirituality in Human Health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra E. Shields ◽  
Tracy Balboni
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Principal Investigators ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background. The goal of this study was to understand prospective cohort Principal Investigators’ (PIs’) attitudes regarding the importance of religion and spirituality (R/S) on disease etiology in order to identify barriers and opportunities for greater inclusion of these domains in high-quality epidemiological research.Methods. One-hour, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 PIs representing 24 National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded prospective cohort studies in the US, collectively capturing health data on 1 in 100 Americans. Sample size was calculated to achieve thematic saturation.Results. The majority of PIs we interviewed saw R/S as a potentially important area to investigate to better understand disease etiology, but some were unsure about the mechanisms through which R/S can impact health and how to translate this knowledge into public health interventions. PIs identified 5 key areas that are lacking in current R/S research that need to be addressed in future research to convince them of collecting more R/S measures in their cohorts: (1) high-quality, prospective studies; (2) examining a plausible biological mechanism; (3) commonly collected, well-validated R/S measures; (4) addressing bias against R/S research; and (5) NIH funding for R/S research.Conclusions. Results of this study provide a roadmap for future R/S research investigating the impact of R/S on disease etiology in the context of U.S. prospective cohort studies. Such research could provide potentially important information concerning how to address existing health disparities in the U.S.

scholarly journals Preceptor Expectations and Experiences in a Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship

PRiMER ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Tabb ◽  
Kristina Monteiro ◽  
Paul George
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship ◽  
Block Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Introduction: The Longitudinal Integrated Clerkship (LIC) as a pedagogical model in medical education is a burgeoning area of interest as an alternative to a traditional, rotation- (block) based curriculum and presents a distinct set of considerations. A large number of studies examine the impact on students participating in LIC programs, but fewer assessments exist for the preceptors involved. This study sought to understand changes in expectations and experiences following LIC program participation. Methods: We conducted a survey-based prospective cohort study of preceptors before and after first-time LIC program participation. Five-point Likert-type questions were grouped into four subscales determined by areas of practice and preceptor role: clinical, administrative, professional, and educational. For statistical analyses of the nonmatched responses we used Pearson Chi-Square measures of association and independent t-tests. Results: Forty-seven of 84 (56%) preceptors responded to the presurvey and 42% responded to the postsurvey (35/84), totaling 82 unique responses. Thirty-nine (48%) were female, 64 (79%) had over 5 years teaching experience, and 61 (74%) had prior rotation-based clerkship experience. Only the clinical subscale (evaluating aspects of physical exam, history taking, and patient relationship with physician and student) was significantly different pre- (M1= 3.09[SD=0.40]) to post-LIC (M2= 3.47[SD=0.29]) showing a positive change at post-LIC participation (P=0.03). Conclusion: For first-time LIC preceptors in a new LIC program, participation led to improvements in clinical practice without detriment to administrative, professional, or educational roles. Future research should examine changes among individual preceptors over time as well as assessments of students, including knowledge, skills, and attitude outcomes.

scholarly journals Stypendyści Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie i Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego na Uniwersytecie Georga-Augusta w Getyndze w latach 1891–1914. Matematyka

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 375-422
Author(s):  
Danuta Ciesielska
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The World ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Podstawowym celem projektu badawczego jest ocena wpływu studiów i pobytów naukowych polskich uczonych w światowym centrum matematyki, jakim był Uniwersytet w Getyndze, na rozwój ich akademickich karier. W tym artykule skupiono się tylko na matematykach, którzy byli stypendystami Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie i Uniwersytetu  agiellońskiego. Ramy czasowe artykułu wyznaczyły daty pobytów pierwszego i ostatniego stypendysty w Getyndze. Przedstawiono krótko informacje o Fundacji im. Osławskiego, Funduszu im. Dra Władysława Kretkowskiego oraz Funduszu im. Kazimierza Klimowskiego oraz o losach stypendystów: Leona Chwistka, Antoniego Hoborskiego, Stanisława Kępińskiego, Stanisława Ruziewicza, Włodzimierza Stożka, Władysława Ślebodzińskiego i Franciszka Włodarskiego. Przywołane w artykule dokumenty pochodzące z archiwów tych fundacji i korespondencji nie były wcześniej publikowane. Podjęto probę oceny pobudek, które skłoniły młodych polskich uczonych do wyboru Getyngi jako miejsca zagranicznych studiów. Oceniono wpływ odbytych w Getyndze studiów na tematyką prowadzonych przez nich badań naukowych. Przed główną częścią artykułu krótko naszkicowano historię matematyków, matematyki i  kształcenia matematycznego w Getyndze w okresie 1885–1914. Fellows of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków and the Jagiellonian University in Georg-August Univeristy in Göttingen in the period 1891–1914. Mathematics The main goal of the research project is an evaluation of the impact of studies and scientific visits of Polish scientists in the world mathematical centre, which was Georg-August Univeristy in Göttingen, on their careers. The results presented in this report focuses on the scholarship holders of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków and the Jagiellonian University. A time-frame for the article are the dates of visit of the first and the last scholarship holders in Göttingen. A brief history of the Osławski’s Fund, Dr. Władysław Kretkowski’s and Kazimierz Klimowski’s Fund and the fellows – mathematicians: Leon Chwistek, Antoni Hoborski, Stanisław Kępiński, Stanisław Ruziewicz, Włodzimierz Stożek, Władysław Ślebodziński and Franciszek Włodarski are presented in the article. The archival documents cited in the article are presented in print for the first time. An analysis of the reasons that urged young Polish scholars to choose Göttingen for their foreign studies is given. An evaluation of the impact of their studies in Göttingen on their future research areas was done. An introduction to the article is a very brief history of mathematicians, mathematics and mathematical education in Georg-August University in Göttingen in the period 1885–1914.

scholarly journals Why do women choose to start, continue or stop breastfeeding? a qualitative phenomenological interpretive analysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Ryan ◽  
Alyson Norman
Keyword(s):  
Information Provision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interpretive Analysis ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Structured Approach

The statistics from the National Health Service in the United Kingdom show that despite the current advice to breastfeed an infant exclusively for the first six months of life, less than 1% of mothers are actually doing this. Therefore, it is important it understand the barriers to breastfeeding experiences by women. The study aimed to investigate why some women choose to continue breastfeeding their infant, whilst other women do not. A qualitative semi-structured approach was employed recruiting eight participants interviewed one-to-one and three participants via one mini focus group. It was decided to use a qualitative approach in order to understand the experiences of women who have breastfed. Ethical approval was received from University of Plymouth, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences. Data was analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. The analysis identified four main themes centred on; social and cultural expectations of women, the impact of breastfeeding on maternal role, the perceived impact of breastfeeding on the mother’s attachment to her infant, and finally, the information provision from health care professional involved throughout pregnancy and after. The study only employed 8 participants. It is hoped that this study can be extended in the future to better understand the experiences of a wider range of breastfeeding women. Increased support and resources are needed to support women through the early stages of breastfeeding. Women need more appropriate help and support from professionals to enable them to breast feed without undue pressure, particularly when breastfeeding becomes problematic. Future research should investigate when different forms of information provision should be provided.

scholarly journals Why do women choose to start, continue or stop breastfeeding? a qualitative phenomenological interpretive analysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Ryan ◽  
Alyson Norman
Keyword(s):  
Information Provision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interpretive Analysis ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Structured Approach

The statistics from the National Health Service in the United Kingdom show that despite the current advice to breastfeed an infant exclusively for the first six months of life, less than 1% of mothers are actually doing this. Therefore, it is important it understand the barriers to breastfeeding experiences by women. The study aimed to investigate why some women choose to continue breastfeeding their infant, whilst other women do not. A qualitative semi-structured approach was employed recruiting eight participants interviewed one-to-one and three participants via one mini focus group. It was decided to use a qualitative approach in order to understand the experiences of women who have breastfed. Ethical approval was received from University of Plymouth, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences. Data was analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. The analysis identified four main themes centred on; social and cultural expectations of women, the impact of breastfeeding on maternal role, the perceived impact of breastfeeding on the mother’s attachment to her infant, and finally, the information provision from health care professional involved throughout pregnancy and after. The study only employed 11 participants. It is hoped that this study can be extended in the future to better understand the experiences of a wider range of breastfeeding women. Increased support and resources are needed to support women through the early stages of breastfeeding. Women need more appropriate help and support from professionals to enable them to breast feed without undue pressure, particularly when breastfeeding becomes problematic. Future research should investigate when different forms of information provision should be provided.

scholarly journals Culinary Properties of Raw Versus Conventional Soy Sauce during Tuna Preparation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Mami Ando ◽  
Akio Obata ◽  
Wen Jye Mok ◽  
Satoshi Kitao
Keyword(s):  
Protease Activity ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Surface Wetness ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Enhanced Surface

Soy sauce is a traditional Japanese seasoning made from fermented soybeans. As global demand grows, identifying novel soy sauce applications and benefits must become a priority. While conventional soy sauce undergoes heat-sterilization, filter-sterilization produces a lighter-colored (raw) soy sauce with preserved mold enzyme activities. As the impact of raw soy sauce during food (especially seafood) preparation remains unstudied, the present study compared the differential impact of raw and conventional soy sauce on tuna culinary properties. First, soy sauce color and protease activity were assessed. Next, tuna was marinated in soy sauce and non-alcoholic mirin for 0, 10, 35, or 60 min. Finally, marinated tuna properties (mass, salt content, surface salt penetration, color, rupture load, surface wetness, and protein content) were objectively assessed, and subjective sensory evaluation (appearance, aroma, wetness, softness, saltiness, umami, and overall taste) was performed by a blinded panel. Findings confirmed the lighter color of and the preservation of protease activity in raw soy sauce. Raw soy sauce significantly enhanced surface tenderization, salt penetration, and wetness, while both soy sauces increased surface firmness via salt-induced dehydration. Respondents significantly preferred the appearance and saltiness level of raw soy sauce-marinated tuna, and the umami and overall taste of tuna marinated in raw soy sauce for 60 min. The findings of this study, to our knowledge, demonstrate for the first time the potential culinary superiority of raw soy sauce in certain applications, and support future research to further define such applications.

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