Selection of Restoration Material for Abies koreana Based on Its Genetic Diversity on Mt. Hallasan

The restoration of damaged or disrupted forests with genetically appropriate restoration planting material that can adapt to future environmental conditions will ensure the conservation of forest genetic resources. Abies koreana is endemic to the Republic of Korea, with declining populations under current environmental changes. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of its largest population growing on Mt. Hallasan to determine the sampling size of planting material from the population that will ensure 95% coverage of alleles in the population. We evaluated the genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure of three subpopulations of A. koreana on Mt. Hallasan. A total of 456 samples were evaluated using 10 microsatellites. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were 0.538 and 0.614 at the population level, respectively. The differences among the subpopulations accounted for 4% of the total variance. Intervals between individuals of the sample to be extracted were based on the two-target distance (5 and 10 m) inferred from the spatial genetic structure. Through random sampling methods considering the target distance, we showed that genetic diversity can be captured by obtaining at least 35 individuals in the population of A. koreana on Mt. Hallasan.

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Ancient events and climate adaptive capacity shaped distinct chloroplast genetic structure in the oak lineages

BMC Evolutionary Biology ◽

10.1186/s12862-019-1523-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mengxiao Yan ◽

Ruibin Liu ◽

Ying Li ◽

Andrew L. Hipp ◽

Min Deng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Future Climate ◽

Future Climate Change ◽

Wide Range ◽

Genetic Patterns ◽

Genetic Structures

Abstract Background Understanding the origin of genetic variation is the key to predict how species will respond to future climate change. The genus Quercus is a species-rich and ecologically diverse woody genus that dominates a wide range of forests and woodland communities of the Northern Hemisphere. Quercus thus offers a unique opportunity to investigate how adaptation to environmental changes has shaped the spatial genetic structure of closely related lineages. Furthermore, Quercus provides a deep insight into how tree species will respond to future climate change. This study investigated whether closely related Quercus lineages have similar spatial genetic structures and moreover, what roles have their geographic distribution, ecological tolerance, and historical environmental changes played in the similar or distinct genetic structures. Results Despite their close relationships, the three main oak lineages (Quercus sections Cyclobalanopsis, Ilex, and Quercus) have different spatial genetic patterns and occupy different climatic niches. The lowest level and most homogeneous pattern of genetic diversity was found in section Cyclobalanopsis, which is restricted to warm and humid climates. The highest genetic diversity and strongest geographic genetic structure were found in section Ilex, which is due to their long-term isolation and strong local adaptation. The widespread section Quercus is distributed across the most heterogeneous range of environments; however, it exhibited moderate haplotype diversity. This is likely due to regional extinction during Quaternary climatic fluctuation in Europe and North America. Conclusions Genetic variations of sections Ilex and Quercus were significantly predicted by geographic and climate variations, while those of section Cyclobalanopsis were poorly predictable by geographic or climatic diversity. Apart from the different historical environmental changes experienced by different sections, variation of their ecological or climatic tolerances and physiological traits induced varying responses to similar environment changes, resulting in distinct spatial genetic patterns.

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Association between spatial genetic variation and potential distribution in tree fern Alsophila gigantea (Cyatheaceae) in Hainan Island, China

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49312407 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 12407

Author(s):

Ting WANG ◽

Zhen WANG ◽

Shufeng LI ◽

Zhanming YING ◽

Xiaoxian RUAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Geographic Distance ◽

Population Level ◽

Hainan Island ◽

Mantel Test ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Spatial Genetic Variation

Spatial genetic variation involves spatial genetic structure (SGS) and genetic diversity is important genetic features of plants. We first evaluated spatial genetic structure (SGS) and genetic diversity among four populations of Alsophila gigantea from Hainan Island, China, using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Significant but weak FSGS was found in A. gigantea. High genetic diversity was identified at the species level and the population level. AMOVA analysis revealed a low level of genetic differentiation among the four populations with high gene flow. Mantel test showed no significant correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance. It was found that association between annual mean temperature and annual precipitation with FSGS. Combined with these spatial genetic variation, abundant precipitation and suitable temperature create a stable environment for A. gigantea in Hainan Island, which allows the fern to expand rapidly during the LGM. These results further emphasized the role of outcrossing, and history and environmental factors in the evolution of A. gigantea. This study also provided new insights on in local adaptation of A. gigantea to environmental fluctuations, and available genetic data to enhance the conservation for relict tree ferns.

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The Influence of a Seedling Recruitment Strategy and a Clonal Architecture on a Spatial Genetic Structure of a Salvia brachyodon (Lamiaceae) Population

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9070828 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 828

Author(s):

Ivan Radosavljević ◽

Oleg Antonić ◽

Dario Hruševar ◽

Josip Križan ◽

Zlatko Satovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Seedling Recruitment ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Population Level ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Recruitment Strategy ◽

Future Research ◽

Clonal Architecture ◽

Surrounding Areas ◽

Spatial Genetic Analysis

By performing a high-resolution spatial-genetic analysis of a partially clonal Salvia brachyodon population, we elucidated its clonal architecture and seedling recruitment strategy. The sampling of the entire population was based on a 1 × 1 m grid and each sampled individual was genotyped. Population-genetic statistics were combined with geospatial analyses. On the population level, the presence of both sexual and clonal reproduction and repeated seedling recruitment as the prevailing strategy of new genets establishment were confirmed. On the patch level, a phalanx clonal architecture was detected. A significant negative correlation between patches’ sizes and genotypic richness was observed as young plants were not identified within existing patches of large genets but almost exclusively in surrounding areas. The erosion of the genetic variability of older patches is likely caused by the inter-genet competition and resulting selection or by a random die-off of individual genets accompanied by the absence of new seedlings establishment. This study contributes to our understanding of how clonal architecture and seedling recruitment strategies can shape the spatial-genetic structure of a partially clonal population and lays the foundation for the future research of the influence of the population’s clonal organization on its sexual reproduction.

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Understanding the genetic diversity, spatial genetic structure and mating system at the hierarchical levels of fruits and individuals of a continuous Theobroma cacao population from the Brazilian Amazon

Heredity ◽

10.1038/hdy.2010.145 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 106 (6) ◽

pp. 973-985 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

C R S Silva ◽

P S B Albuquerque ◽

F R Ervedosa ◽

J W S Mota ◽

A Figueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Mating System ◽

Theobroma Cacao ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Hierarchical Levels

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Insight into the Current Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Domestic Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Russia

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10081309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1309

Author(s):

Veronika Kharzinova ◽

Arsen Dotsev ◽

Anastasiya Solovieva ◽

Olga Sergeeva ◽

Georgiy Bryzgalov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Rangifer Tarandus ◽

Allelic Richness ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Principal Component ◽

Genetic Structuring ◽

Habitat Location ◽

The Republic ◽

Insight Into

To examine the genetic diversity and population structure of domestic reindeer, using the BovineHD BeadChip, we genotyped reindeer individuals belonging to the Nenets breed of the five main breeding regions, the Even breed of the Republic of Sakha, the Evenk breed of the Krasnoyarsk and Yakutia regions, and the Chukotka breed of the Chukotka region and its within-breed ecotype, namely, the Chukotka–Khargin, which is bred in Yakutia. The Chukotka reindeer was shown to have the lowest genetic diversity in terms of the allelic richness and heterozygosity indicators. The principal component analysis (PCA) results are consistent with the neighbor-net tree topology, dividing the reindeer into groups according to their habitat location and origin of the breed. Admixture analysis indicated a genetic structuring of two groups of Chukotka origin, the Even breed and most of the geographical groups of the Nenets breed, with the exception of the Murmansk reindeer, the gene pool of which was comprised of the Nenets and apparently the native Sami reindeer. The presence of a genetic component of the Nenets breed in some reindeer inhabiting the Krasnoyarsk region was detected. Our results provide a deeper insight into the current intra-breeding reindeer genetic diversity, which is an important requirement for future reindeer herding strategies and for animal adaptation to environmental changes.

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Oceanographic features and limited dispersal shape the population genetic structure of the vase sponge Ircinia campana in the Greater Caribbean

Heredity ◽

10.1038/s41437-020-0344-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 126 (1) ◽

pp. 63-76

Author(s):

Sarah M. Griffiths ◽

Mark J. Butler ◽

Donald C. Behringer ◽

Thierry Pérez ◽

Richard F. Preziosi

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Population Genetic Structure ◽

Larval Dispersal ◽

Population Genetic ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Florida Keys ◽

The United States ◽

Limited Dispersal ◽

Mass Mortalities

AbstractUnderstanding population genetic structure can help us to infer dispersal patterns, predict population resilience and design effective management strategies. For sessile species with limited dispersal, this is especially pertinent because genetic diversity and connectivity are key aspects of their resilience to environmental stressors. Here, we describe the population structure of Ircinia campana, a common Caribbean sponge subject to mass mortalities and disease. Microsatellites were used to genotype 440 individuals from 19 sites throughout the Greater Caribbean. We found strong genetic structure across the region, and significant isolation by distance across the Lesser Antilles, highlighting the influence of limited larval dispersal. We also observed spatial genetic structure patterns congruent with oceanography. This includes evidence of connectivity between sponges in the Florida Keys and the southeast coast of the United States (>700 km away) where the oceanographic environment is dominated by the strong Florida Current. Conversely, the population in southern Belize was strongly differentiated from all other sites, consistent with the presence of dispersal-limiting oceanographic features, including the Gulf of Honduras gyre. At smaller spatial scales (<100 km), sites showed heterogeneous patterns of low-level but significant genetic differentiation (chaotic genetic patchiness), indicative of temporal variability in recruitment or local selective pressures. Genetic diversity was similar across sites, but there was evidence of a genetic bottleneck at one site in Florida where past mass mortalities have occurred. These findings underscore the relationship between regional oceanography and weak larval dispersal in explaining population genetic patterns, and could inform conservation management of the species.

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The genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure of the Corso-Sardinian endemicFerula arrigoniiBocchieri (Apiaceae)

Plant Biology ◽

10.1111/plb.12145 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 1005-1013 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

C. A. Dettori ◽

S. Sergi ◽

E. Tamburini ◽

G. Bacchetta

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure

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Genetic Diversity and Spatial Genetic Structure of the Grassland Perennial Saxifraga granulata along Two River Systems

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0130463 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e0130463 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sascha van der Meer ◽

Hans Jacquemyn

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

River Systems

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Genetic structure and diversity of a collection of Brassica rapa subsp. rapa L. revealed by simple sequence repeat markers

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185961100013x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 149 (5) ◽

pp. 617-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

P. SOENGAS ◽

M. E. CARTEA ◽

M. FRANCISCO ◽

M. LEMA ◽

P. VELASCO

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Population Level ◽

Research Centre ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Western Spain ◽

Genetic Structure And Diversity ◽

Simple Sequence

SUMMARYBrassica rapa subsp. rapa L. includes three different crops: turnips (roots), turnip greens (leaves) and turnip tops (inflorescences). A collection of B. rapa subsp. rapa from north-western Spain is currently kept at ‘Misión Biológica de Galicia’ (a research centre of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Spain). This collection has been characterized based on morphological and agronomical traits. A better understanding of the genetic diversity present in the collection is necessary in order to optimize its use and maintenance. The objectives of the present work were to assess the genetic diversity present in the B. rapa subsp. rapa collection, to establish genetic relationships among populations and to study the genetic structure of the collection. Eighty populations were analysed based on 18 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Populations showed a broad range of genetic diversity, thus offering good potential for further genetic improvement. Most of the variability was found within the population level, probably due to high rates of allogamy, to migration and/or interchange of seed among local growers. Populations showed a low level of differentiation, grouping in just one cluster, and therefore they can be considered as samples of a highly variable metapopulation that can be used for B. rapa breeding programmes.

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