scholarly journals Antibacterial Mechanism of 3-Carene against the Meat Spoilage Bacterium Pseudomonas lundensis and Its Application in Pork during Refrigerated Storage

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Zhiling Tang ◽  
Haiming Chen ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Zhuye Fan ◽  
Qiuping Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Meat Spoilage ◽  
Natural Monoterpene ◽  
Spoilage Bacterium ◽  
Meat Preservation ◽  
Intracellular Ions ◽  
Potential Use

Pseudomonas lundensis is the main bacterium responsible for meat spoilage and its control is of great significance. 3-Carene, a natural monoterpene, has been proved to possess antimicrobial activities. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity and mechanism of 3-carene against the meat spoilage bacterium P. lundensis, and explore its application on pork. After 3-carene treatment, cellular structural changes were observed. Cell walls and membranes were destroyed, resulting in the leakage of alkaline phosphatase and cellular contents. The decreased activity of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+-K+-ATPase showed the imbalance of intracellular ions. Subsequently, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and oxidative respiratory metabolism characteristics indicated that 3-carene inhibited the metabolism of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in P. lundensis. The results of binding 3-carene with the vital proteins (MurA, OmpW, and AtpD) related to the formation of the cell wall, the composition of the cell membrane, and the synthesis of ATP further suggested that 3-carene possibly affected the normal function of those proteins. In addition, the growth of P. lundensis and increase in pH were inhibited in pork during the 5 days of cold storage after the samples were pre-treated with 3-carene. These results show the anti-P. lundensis activity and mechanism of 3-carene, and its potential use in meat preservation under refrigerated conditions.

STUDY OF WOUND HEALING IN RATS TREATED WITH SKIN OF POISONOUS FROG, ODORRANA HOSII

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Amirah Md Sungif ◽  
Ramlah Zainudin ◽  
Dayangku Norlida Awang Ojep ◽  
Ahmad Hata Rasit
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
Wound Area ◽  
Biological Dressing ◽  
Defensive Mechanism ◽  
Potential Use

A grafting techniques or using various synthetic and biological dressing also widely used to protect the wound area. There are 8 peptides with differential antimicrobial activities contained in Odorrana hosii’s skin secretion. However, to our best knowledge no study has been scientifically conducted to reveal the value off this species on wound healing. Primarily, the aim of this study was to look at the potential use of O. hosii’s skin as a biological dressing in wound healing management. This study assessed the wound healing in rat compared between wound grafted with O. hosii’s skin and wound treated with normal saline dressing. Histological examination was done to assess the wound healing activities after 14 days. The result shown, both wounds which were treated with O. hosii’s skin and untreated wound heal completely on day 14 as the epidermis and dermis completely close. Histologically, the percentage of neutrophils, macrophages and fibroblasts, were reduced on day 14. However, wounded skin, which was treated with O. hosii’s skin, had better healing quality as more new tissues and hair follicle regrowth compared with the untreated wound. It is suggested that poison gland in the O. hosii’s skin did not harm the wounded rat skin, instead, poison that act as defensive mechanism can help the species to fight the pathogen on the wound.

scholarly journals N-Terminal Regions of Prion Protein: Functions and Roles in Prion Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6233
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Hara ◽  
Suehiro Sakaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Prion Protein ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Charged Residue ◽  
Terminal Domain ◽  
Polybasic Region ◽  
Positively Charged

The normal cellular isoform of prion protein, designated PrPC, is constitutively converted to the abnormally folded, amyloidogenic isoform, PrPSc, in prion diseases, which include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in animals. PrPC is a membrane glycoprotein consisting of the non-structural N-terminal domain and the globular C-terminal domain. During conversion of PrPC to PrPSc, its 2/3 C-terminal region undergoes marked structural changes, forming a protease-resistant structure. In contrast, the N-terminal region remains protease-sensitive in PrPSc. Reverse genetic studies using reconstituted PrPC-knockout mice with various mutant PrP molecules have revealed that the N-terminal domain has an important role in the normal function of PrPC and the conversion of PrPC to PrPSc. The N-terminal domain includes various characteristic regions, such as the positively charged residue-rich polybasic region, the octapeptide repeat (OR) region consisting of five repeats of an octapeptide sequence, and the post-OR region with another positively charged residue-rich polybasic region followed by a stretch of hydrophobic residues. We discuss the normal functions of PrPC, the conversion of PrPC to PrPSc, and the neurotoxicity of PrPSc by focusing on the roles of the N-terminal regions in these topics.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of Cinnamomum Sp. Essential Oil and Cinnamaldehyde: Antimicrobial Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F. Firmino ◽  
Theodora T. A. Cavalcante ◽  
Geovany A. Gomes ◽  
Nairley C. S. Firmino ◽  
Lucas D. Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Potential Use

To assess the activities of essential oils derived from the trunk bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (EOCz) and Cinnamomum cassia (EOCc) as well as cinnamaldehyde on bacterial biofilms of clinical interest. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by the broth microdilution method to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Antibiofilm activity was assessed by quantifying the biomass and determining the number of viable cells. The chemical composition of the essential oils was determined. The results showed that the major component of EOCz and EOCc was cinnamaldehyde. For the assayed substances, biofilm biomasses were reduced by up to 99.9%, and Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli biofilms were sensitive to all of the concentrations and substances analysed. In cell viability tests, 2 mg/ml of cinnamaldehyde reduced the number of viable cells by 5.74 Log CFU/ml. EOCz, EOCc, and cinnamaldehyde exhibited antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. This work describes substances with potential use against infections caused by bacterial biofilms.

scholarly journals Bactericidal activites of selected macrofungi extracts against Staphylococcus aureus

2017 ◽  
pp. 193-200
Author(s):  
Daniela Nikolovska-Nedelkoska ◽  
Natalija Atanasova-Pancevska ◽  
Mitko Karadelev ◽  
Dzoko Kungulovski
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Polypore Fungi ◽  
Potential Use

The increasing of the antibiotic resistance exhibited by pathogenic microorganisms has resulted in research directed toward evaluation of novel sources of antimicrobial compounds. Previous studies have indicated that macrofungi, as a specific response to the natural hostile environment, produce secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties. In this study, antimicrobial activities of the extracts from six wild mushrooms: Amanita echinocephala, Russula medulata, Cerena unicolor, Hericium erinaceus, Ishnoderma benzoinum and Laetiporus sulphureus were evaluated against Grampositive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The antimicrobial potential of the methanolic mushroom extracts was investigated by the microdilution method. Antimicrobial activity was observed in all species included in the study. All the extracts that demonstrated inhibitory activities were further tested for bactericidal activity and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were determined. The tested microorganism was most sensitive to the examined extracts from the polypore fungi C. unicolor and H. erinaceus. The highest bactericidal activity was obtained in the extracts from the species C. unicolor (MBC=1.563 mg/mL). The experimental results revealed that the methanolic extract of C. unicolor possessed significant bactericidal activity. The findings suggest the potential use of this wild mushroom as antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), protein aggregation and their cross talk: new insight in tumorigenesis

Glycobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-18
Author(s):  
Ejazul Haque ◽  
Mohd Kamil ◽  
Adria Hasan ◽  
Safia Irfan ◽  
Saba Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Aggregation ◽  
Advanced Glycation End Products ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

Abstract Protein glycation and protein aggregation are two distinct phenomena being observed in cancer cells as factors promoting cancer cell viability. Protein aggregation is an abnormal interaction between proteins caused as a result of structural changes in them after any mutation or environmental assault. Protein aggregation is usually associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, but of late, research findings have shown its association with the development of different cancers like lung, breast and ovarian cancer. On the contrary, protein glycation is a cascade of irreversible nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugar with the amino group of the protein resulting in the modification of protein structure and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These AGEs are reported to obstruct the normal function of proteins. Lately, it has been reported that protein aggregation occurs as a result of AGEs. This aggregation of protein promotes the transformation of healthy cells to neoplasia leading to tumorigenesis. In this review, we underline the current knowledge of protein aggregation and glycation along with the cross talk between the two, which may eventually lead to the development of cancer.

scholarly journals Electrocardiogram Structural Changes between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Severities in Adam Malik General Hospital Medan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Mustajir N. Arif ◽  
Abdullah Afif Siregar ◽  
Cut Aryfa Andra ◽  
Harris Hasan ◽  
Abdul Halim Raynaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Severe Copd

Introduction: Cardiovascular complications caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will change the normal function and the shape of the heart’s anatomy. The purpose of this study to determine whether there was a relationship between the degree of severity of COPD and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis conduct on 80 subjects who fulfilled inclusion criteria at the outpatient cardiology clinic H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. The subject was divided equally based on the severity of COPD and ECG examination was performed. Statistical analysis processed using multivariate with p>0,05 as statistical significance The correlation is presented as Pearson r values and new values are obtained by the ROC curve. Results: The mean age was 57±13 years with males have a majority proportion (85%). P Pulmonale and RBBB were common in severe COPD (GOLD 3 p = 0.001, GOLD 4 p <0.001). P wave axis and the amplitude of the P wave was found to be significantly different (p <0.001) with a strong and moderate correlation (r = 0.706 and r = 0.577). P-axis values of more than 56.3 degrees and P-wave amplitudes of more than 0.15 mV had a sensitivity of 80-85% and specificity of 80% to differentiate more severe COPD. Conclusion: ECG assessment can be used to differentiate severe COPD with a fairly good correlation. ECG assessment in COPD patients can be used as the initial modality for assessing severe COPD (GOLD 3 and GOLD 4) at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequences of Two Strains of the Meat Spoilage Bacterium Brochothrix thermosphacta Isolated from Ground Chicken

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Paoli ◽  
Chandi Wijey ◽  
Ly-Huong Nguyen ◽  
Chin-Yi Chen ◽  
Xianghe Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meat Spoilage ◽  
Brochothrix Thermosphacta ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Spoilage Bacterium

ABSTRACT Brochothrix thermosphacta is an important meat spoilage bacterium. Here we report the genome sequences of two strains of B. thermosphacta isolated from ground chicken. The genome sequences were determined using long-read PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) technology and are the first complete genome sequences reported for B. thermosphacta.

scholarly journals Potential Use of Essential Oil Isolated fromCleistocalyx operculatusLeaves as a Topical Dermatological Agent for Treatment of Burn Wound

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gia-Buu Tran ◽  
Nghia-Thu Tram Le ◽  
Sao-Mai Dam
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Epidermal Structure ◽  
Cleistocalyx Operculatus ◽  
Potential Use

Several herbal remedies have been used as topical agents to cure burn wound, one of the most common injuries in worldwide. In this study, we investigated the potential use ofCleistocalyx operculatusessential oil to treat the burn wound. We identified a total of 13 bioactive compounds of essential oil, several of which exhibited the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, the essential oil showed the antibacterial effect againstS. aureusbut not withP. aeruginosa.The supportive effect of essential oil on burn wound healing process also has been proven. Among three groups of mice, wound contraction rate of essential oil treated group (100%) was significantly higher than tamanu oil treated (79%) and control mice (71%) after 20 days (0.22±0.03versus0.31±0.02 cm2, resp.,p<0.05). Histological studies revealed that burn wounds treated with essential oil formed a complete epidermal structure, thick and neatly arranged fibers, and scattered immune cells in burn wound. On the contrary, saline treated burn wound formed uneven epidermal layer with necrotic ulcer, infiltration of immune cells, and existence of granulation tissue. This finding demonstratedCleistocalyx operculatusessential oil as promising topical dermatological agent to treat burn wound.

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