scholarly journals Current and Emerging Technologies for the Detection of Norovirus from Shellfish

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradip Gyawali ◽  
Sanjaya KC ◽  
David J. Beale ◽  
Joanne Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Simple Matrix ◽  
Virus Recovery ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

Reports of norovirus infections associated with the consumption of contaminated bivalve molluscan shellfish negatively impact both consumers and commercial shellfish operators. Current virus recovery and PCR detection methods can be expensive and time consuming. Due to the lack of rapid, user-friendly and onsite/infield methods, it has been difficult to establish an effective virus monitoring regime that is able to identify contamination points across the production line (i.e., farm-to-plate) to ensure shellfish quality. The focus of this review is to evaluate current norovirus detection methods and discuss emerging approaches. Recent advances in omics-based detection approaches have the potential to identify novel biomarkers that can be incorporated into rapid detection kits for onsite use. Furthermore, some omics techniques have the potential to simultaneously detect multiple enteric viruses that cause human disease. Other emerging technologies discussed include microfluidic, aptamer and biosensor-based detection methods developed to detect norovirus with high sensitivity from a simple matrix. Many of these approaches have the potential to be developed as user-friendly onsite detection kits with minimal costs. However, more collaborative efforts on research and development will be required to commercialize such products. Once developed, these emerging technologies could provide a way forward that minimizes public health risks associated with shellfish consumption.

Gold Immunochromatography Assay - A Newly Rapid Detection Technique for Aquatic Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1449-1454
Author(s):  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Hui Juan Yu ◽  
Bei Lei Qian ◽  
You Qiong Cai ◽  
Dong Mei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Detection Technique ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Aquatic Products ◽  
Immunological Detection

Gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) technique has the following characteristics: rapid and simple, high sensitivity, good specificity, no auxiliary equipment, ease of interpreting results, and satisfactory stability. The technique has become one of the most rapid and sensitive immunological detection methods, which is widely used in medical, biological and other fields. The article focuses on the basic principles and technical characteristics of GICA, and briefly describes the applications and future perspectives in the rapid detection of aquatic products.

Development of an antigen-ELISA and a colloidal gold–based immunochromatographic strip based on monoclonal antibodies for detection of avian influenza A(H5) viruses

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110275
Author(s):  
Yixin Xiao ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Fumin Liu ◽  
Linfang Cheng ◽  
Hangping Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Immunochromatographic Strip ◽  
Antigen Elisa

Avian influenza A(H5) viruses (avian IAVs) pose a major threat to the economy and public health. We developed an antigen-ELISA (ag-ELISA) and a colloidal gold–based immunochromatographic strip for the rapid detection of avian A(H5) viruses. Both detection methods displayed no cross-reactivity with other viruses (e.g., other avian IAVs, infectious bursal disease virus, Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, avian paramyxovirus). The ag-ELISA was sensitive down to 0.5 hemagglutinin (HA) units/100 µL of avian A(H5) viruses and 7.5 ng/mL of purified H5 HA proteins. The immunochromatographic strip was sensitive down to 1 HA unit/100 µL of avian A(H5) viruses. Both detection methods exhibited good reproducibility with CVs < 10%. For 200 random poultry samples, the sensitivity and specificity of the ag-ELISA were 92.6% and 98.8%, respectively, and for test strips were 88.9% and 98.3%, respectively. Both detection methods displayed high specificity, sensitivity, and stability, making them suitable for rapid detection and field investigation of avian A(H5) viruses.

scholarly journals Heart Failure and Diabetes Mellitus: Biomarkers in Risk Stratification and Prognostication

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4397
Author(s):  
Michael Lichtenauer ◽  
Peter Jirak ◽  
Vera Paar ◽  
Brigitte Sipos ◽  
Kristen Kopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a synergistic effect on cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in patients with established CV disease (CVD). The aim of this review is to summarize the knowledge regarding the discriminative abilities of conventional and novel biomarkers in T2DM patients with established HF or at higher risk of developing HF. While conventional biomarkers, such as natriuretic peptides and high-sensitivity troponins demonstrate high predictive ability in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), this is not the case for HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF is a heterogeneous disease with a high variability of CVD and conventional risk factors including T2DM, hypertension, renal disease, older age, and female sex; therefore, the extrapolation of predictive abilities of traditional biomarkers on this population is constrained. New biomarker-based approaches are disputed to be sufficient for improving risk stratification and the prediction of poor clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF. Novel biomarkers of biomechanical stress, fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and collagen turn-over have shown potential benefits in determining prognosis in T2DM patients with HF regardless of natriuretic peptides, but their role in point-to-care and in routine practice requires elucidation in large clinical trials.

A rapid and accurate method for screening T-2 toxin in food and feed using competitive AlphaLISA

2021 ◽  
Vol 368 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Zhang ◽  
Qingyu Lv ◽  
Yuling Zheng ◽  
Xuan Chen ◽  
Decong Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT T-2 is a common mycotoxin contaminating cereal crops. Chronic consumption of food contaminated with T-2 toxin can lead to death, so simple and accurate detection methods in food and feed are necessary. In this paper, we establish a highly sensitive and accurate method for detecting T-2 toxin using AlphaLISA. The system consists of acceptor beads labeled with T-2-bovine serum albumin (BSA), streptavidin-labeled donor beads and biotinylated T-2 antibodies. T-2 in the sample matrix competes with T-2-BSA for antibodies. Adding biotinylated antibodies to the test well followed by T-2 and T-2-BSA acceptor beads yielded a detection range of 0.03–500 ng/mL. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration was 2.28 ng/mL and the coefficient of variation was &lt;10%. In addition, this method had no cross-reaction with other related mycotoxins. This optimized method for extracting T-2 from food and feed samples achieved a recovery rate of approximately 90% in T-2 concentrations as low as 1 ng/mL, better than the performance of a commercial ELISA kit. This competitive AlphaLISA method offers high sensitivity, good specificity, good repeatability and simple operation for detecting T-2 toxin in food and feed.

New Perspectives for SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Detection

Coronaviruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latifa Khattabi ◽  
Mustapha Mounir Bouhenna ◽  
Feriel Sellam
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Virus Attachment ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Diagnostic Kits ◽  
Human Immune

: The present paper elucidates the conceivable application of two key molecules in SARS-CoV-2 detection of suspected infected persons. These molecules were selected from the basis of ACE-2 and S protein strong interaction that allows virus attachment to its host cells, on the other hand specific immunocompetant effectors generated by human immune system during the infection. Several testing procedures are already used to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly RT-PCR technique. ELISA and LFIA are possible assays for the employment of shACE-2/ hAc-anti-S (the molecules of interest) as the main agents of the test and confer a dual principal functions (capture and detection). The future diagnostic kits involving shACE-2 and hAc-anti-S will have the particularity of high sensitivity and rapid detection in addition to its advantage of relatively easy conception. It could be largely considered as a technical advanced kits in regards to the current SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic immunoassays.

Rapid detection and enumeration of total bacteria in drinking water and tea beverages using a laboratory-built high-sensitivity flow cytometer

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 3072-3079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muxin Yu ◽  
Lina Wu ◽  
Tianxun Huang ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Xiaomei Yan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Flow Cytometer ◽  
Total Bacteria

This paper describes a method for the rapid detection and enumeration of total bacteria in drinking water and tea beverages.

Understanding the competitive interactions in aptamer–gold nanoparticle based colorimetric assays using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1602-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shintaro Pang ◽  
Lili He
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Colorimetric Assays

Aptamer–gold nanoparticle (AuNP) based colorimetric assays have become increasingly popular as viable rapid detection methods, but the molecular interactions governing the mechanism and successful interpretation of color changes have not been explored well.

Study on Detection Methods for Chlorine Precipitation during Biomass and Coal Co-Combustion

2012 ◽  
Vol 229-231 ◽  
pp. 1423-1426
Author(s):  
Yong Zheng Wang ◽  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Mao Zhen Yue ◽  
Su Fang Bian
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Sample Solution ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Multiple Measurements ◽  
Blend Fuel

In this paper, three detection methods were analyzed to determine the chlorine precipitation from the flue gas: Silver nitrate volumetric analysis (SNVA), Volhard method (VM) and Mercuric thiocyanate spectrophotometric method (MTSM). Results indicated that SNVA and VM were simple and convenient, but unsuitable for the detection of blend fuel due to the high lower limit. MTSM was suitable for biomass and coal co-combustion for its low lower limit and high sensitivity. In addition, MTSM needed less sample solution, which made it more suitable for multiple measurements to reduce errors, and the maximum proportional error was only 3.5%.

scholarly journals SpinSPJ: a novel NMR scripting system to implement artificial intelligence and advanced applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zao Liu ◽  
Zhiwei Chen ◽  
Kan Song
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Main Program ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
Nmr Methods ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Java Native Interface ◽  
Runtime Environments ◽  
Data Processing Methods

Abstract Background Software for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers offer general functionality of instrument control and data processing; these applications are often developed with non-scripting languages. NMR users need to flexibly integrate rapidly developing NMR applications with emerging technologies. Scripting systems offer open environments for NMR users to write custom programs. However, existing scripting systems have limited capabilities for both extending the functionality of NMR software’s non-script main program and using advanced native script libraries to support specialized application domains (e.g., biomacromolecules and metabolomics). Therefore, it is essential to design a novel scripting system to address both of these needs. Result Here, a novel NMR scripting system named SpinSPJ is proposed. It works as a plug-in in the Java based NMR spectrometer software SpinStudioJ. In the scripting system, both Java based NMR methods and original CPython based libraries are supported. A module has been developed as a bridge to integrate the runtime environments of Java and CPython. The module works as an extension in the CPython environment and interacts with Java via the Java Native Interface. Leveraging this bridge, Java based instrument control and data processing methods of SpinStudioJ can be called with the CPython style. Compared with traditional scripting systems, SpinSPJ better supports both extending the non-script main program and implementing advanced NMR applications with a rich variety of script libraries. NMR researchers can easily call functions of instrument control and data processing as well as developing complex functionality (such as multivariate statistical analysis, deep learning, etc.) with CPython native libraries. Conclusion SpinSPJ offers a user-friendly environment to implement custom functionality leveraging its powerful basic NMR and rich CPython libraries. NMR applications with emerging technologies can be easily integrated. The scripting system is free of charge and can be downloaded by visiting http://www.spinstudioj.net/spinspj.

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