scholarly journals mHealth Apps Assessment among Postpartum Women with Obesity and Depression

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Che Wan Jasimah Bt Wan Mohamed Radzi ◽  
Hashem Salarzadeh Jenatabadi ◽  
Nadia Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Body ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mhealth Apps

Background: Pregnancy has become the main constituent for women to become overweight or obese during the postpartum phase. This could lead women to suffer from postpartum depression as well. Information technology (IT) has become more prevalent in the healthcare industry. It offers patients the opportunity to manage their health conditions via the use of several applications, one being the mHealth applications. Objective: The main purpose of this study is to experiment and understand the effects the mHealth applications (i.e., fitness and nutrition applications) have on the body mass index (BMI) and depression levels amongst postpartum women. Methods: Online questionnaires were sent to postpartum women within one year after their pregnancy, of which 819 completed questionnaires were returned. The frequency of the mHealth applications usage was categorized into daily, weekly, rarely and never streams. Therefore, the frequency of use of the mHealth applications for BMI and depression levels was analyzed based on the available statistical data. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Dunnet tests were applied to analyze the experimental data. Results: Out of 819 respondents, 37.9% and 42.1% of them were overweight and obese, respectively. Almost 32.9% of the respondents were likely depressed, and 45.6% were at an increased risk. This study reports that only 23.4% and 28.6% of respondents never used the fitness and nutrition applications. The impact of the frequency of using the fitness applications on BMI and depression levels was obvious. This means that with the increased use of the fitness applications, there was also a significant effect in maintaining and decreasing the BMI and depression levels amongst Malaysians postpartum women. However, from the data of weekly and daily use of fitness applications, we found that the contribution toward the BMI and depression levels was high (p = 0.000). However, nutrition applications amongst the users were not significant within the main variables (p > 0.05). From the Dunnet test, the significance of using the fitness applications within the depression levels started from daily usage, whereas for BMI, it started from weekly usage. Conclusion: The efficiency of the fitness applications toward the BMI and depression levels has been proven in this research work. While nutrition applications did not affect the BMI and depression levels, some of the respondents were still categorized as weekly and daily users. Thus, the improvements in BMI and depression levels are associated with the types of mHealth app that had been used.

The intervening role of mHealth apps in postpartum obesity and mental health (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Wan Jasimah Wan Mohamed Radzi ◽  
Hashem Salarzadeh Jenatabadi ◽  
Nadia Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mhealth Apps

BACKGROUND The development of mHealth (mobile health) has changed people’s routines of improving self-management. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of the apps depends on the frequency of use. OBJECTIVE This paper introduces a new framework of fitness apps associated with obesity modeling by using structural equation modeling (SEM) and examining data of postpartum women through moderation analysis. Fitness mHealth apps are considered the moderator in the research framework. METHODS Online questionnaires were sent to Malaysian postpartum women within one year after pregnancy and 468 completed questionnaires were returned. The frequency of mHealth fitness app use was categorized into four groups: daily, weekly, rarely and never. Therefore, four models were considered for the final analysis. RESULTS According to the output, every model has a different structure in terms of significance and coefficients. The R-squared obtained for the “daily” model (0.82) is the highest, followed by the “weekly” (0.79), “rarely” (0.66) and “never use” (0.59) models. This infers that 82% of mental health variation is related to the demographics, lifestyle, healthy and unhealthy food intake and BMI of daily fitness app users. In addition, the impact of BMI on mental health in every model is significant with a negative coefficient, which implies that users with high BMI have less mental health issues. Meanwhile, the factor loading analysis indicates that the screen time (0.89) and physical activity (0.81) indicators are the two highest coefficients in the lifestyle variable. This result is subsequently equivalent to the daily and weekly fitness app users who choose to consume more healthy food and thus have a lower BMI. CONCLUSIONS This paper proves that Malaysian postpartum women who use fitness apps as part of their daily life are more disciplined and such applications have significant effects on obesity and mental health. However, for never or weekly users, the statistical analysis shows there is no proof of the effectiveness of self-management activities that affected on obesity and mental health. Therefore, the frequency of fitness app use acts as a moderator in postpartum obesity and mental health modeling.

scholarly journals Timing of Bisphosphonate Initiation After Fracture: What Does the Data Really Say?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215145932098036
Author(s):  
David W. Barton ◽  
C. Taylor Smith ◽  
Amit S. Piple ◽  
Sterling A. Moskal ◽  
Jonathan J. Carmouche
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Osteoporosis Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Level I ◽  
Timing Of Initiation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

Introduction: Osteoporosis is often not clinically recognized until after a fracture occurs. Individuals who have 1 fracture are at increased risk of future fractures. Prompt initiation of osteoporosis treatment following fracture is critical to reducing the rate of future fractures. Antiresorptives are the most widely used class of medications for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Many providers are hesitant to initiate antiresorptives in the acute post-fracture period. Concerns include interference with bone remodeling necessary for successful fracture healing, which would cause increased rates of non-union, malunion, and refracture. While such concerns should not extend to anabolic medications, physicians may also hesitate to initiate anabolic osteoporosis therapies due to high cost and/or lack of familiarity. This article aims to briefly review the available data and present a digestible narrative summary to familiarize practicing orthopaedic surgeons with the essential details of the published research on this topic. Results: The results of 20 clinical studies and key pre-clinical studies related to the effect of anti-resorptive medications for osteoporosis on fracture healing are summarized in the body of this narrative review. Discussion & Conclusions: While few level I studies have examined the impact of timing of initiation of osteoporosis medications in the acute post-fracture period, the few that have been published do not support these concerns. Specifically, data from level I clinical trials indicate that initiating bisphosphonates as early as 2 weeks post-fracture does not increase rates of non-union or malunion. By reviewing the available data, we hope to give clinicians the confidence to initiate osteoporosis treatment promptly post-fracture.

From research desk to policy makers and community: MUHAS research symposia and policy briefs targeting the stakeholders

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-122
Author(s):  
Hendry R. Sawe ◽  
Bruno F. Sunguya ◽  
Eligius F. Lyamuya
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Different Parts

All too frequent, valuable research output and scholarly materials from expensively conducted research work in different parts of the world end up in research desks, academic libraries, and scientific journals. Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science (MUHAS) through the Directorate of Research and Publications initiated a series of symposia that aim to disseminate the evidence generated by the researchers to the policy makers and the community. In two of the six conducted University-wide symposia in the last one year, MUHAS produced two important policy briefs summarizing the impact of MUHAS research in two important—though distinct areas of local and global health impact—Elimination of Mother to Child Transmission (EMTCT) of HIV, and Diarrhea diseases.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Impact of Thrombolytic Therapy in Liver Transplantation Following Donation after Circulatory Death

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Jayant ◽  
Isabella Reccia ◽  
Francesco Virdis ◽  
A. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Donation After Cardiac Death ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Aim: The livers from DCD (donation after cardiac death) donations are often envisaged as a possible option to bridge the gap between the availability and increasing demand of organs for liver transplantation. However, DCD livers possess a heightened risk for complications and represent a formidable management challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of thrombolytic flush in DCD liver transplantation. Methods: An extensive search of the literature database was made on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Crossref, Scopus databases, and clinical trial registry on 20 September 2018 to assess the role of thrombolytic tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) flush in DCD liver transplantation. Results: A total of four studies with 249 patients in the tPA group and 178 patients in the non-tPA group were included. The pooled data revealed a significant decrease in ischemic-type biliary lesions (ITBLs) (P = 0.04), re-transplantation rate (P = 0.0001), and no increased requirement of blood transfusion (P = 0.16) with a better one year graft survival (P = 0.02). Conclusions: To recapitulate, tPA in DCD liver transplantation decreased the incidence of ITBLs, re-transplantation and markedly improved 1-year graft survival, without any increased risk for blood transfusion, hence it has potential to expand the boundaries of DCD liver transplantation.

scholarly journals 1628 Vaccination for Safe Surgery During The SARS-Cov-2 Pandemic: Modelling Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Compared to the general population, in the postoperative period, surgical patients are both at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and increased mortality in the event of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study modelled the impact of preoperative vaccination of patients aged ≥70 years having elective inpatient surgery. Method The primary outcome was the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one death over one year following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Postoperative SARS-CoV-2 incidence and adjusted mortality risk difference for SARS-CoV-2 infection were estimated from the prospective GlobalSurg-CovidSurg Week study (90,146 elective surgery patients across 1,595 hospitals in 115 countries), were used to estimate lives saved by vaccination in the first 30 postoperative days. SARS-CoV-2 case and death registration data from the Office for National Statistics was used to estimate NNTs for the general population. Best and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty around estimates. Results Among patients aged ≥70 years undergoing any type of surgery, NNT was estimated to be 332 (best case: 213; worst case: 690). NNT was lower in the cancer surgery subgroup (245 [150-545]). This was more favourable than the NNT for vaccination of the general population aged ≥70 (588 [403-1032]). Globally, vaccinating elective surgery patients aged ≥70 years preoperatively was projected to save 27,356 lives in one year compared to vaccinating the same patients after surgery. Conclusions Preoperative pathways should be set up for the vaccination of patients aged ≥70. In settings with limited vaccine availability, elective cancer surgery patients should be prioritised for vaccination.

Częstość występowania robaczyc u dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym ? określenie czynników predysponujących

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kaleta ◽  
Marta Palacz-Wróbel ◽  
Łukasz Chajec
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
The World ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Parasitic diseases are common and pose threats to the health and lives of people around the world. Globally improving sanitary conditions also do not provide a sufficient method of preventing the parasitic infections that trigger them. Statistical data show a huge rate of parasitism in the world and a very large share of parasitic diseases in the number of deaths. Worms among pre-school children are quite common to a certain extent, and factors that favor them ? if properly identified, can be significantly reduced. This paper presents the frequency of occurrence of worms in this age range compared to statistical data and a list of factors predisposing the occurrence of these diseases. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency and predisposing factors for the occurrence of helminthia among children in pre-school age in Poland. Material and methods. An original questionnaire was used to conduct the research. Results. The frequency of occurrence of worms reaches about 10% of confirmed infections. The most common prevalence among children is oatosis. The most important factors predisposing to parasitic worms infection are: inadequate personal hygiene, inadequate food hygiene and its preparation, the impact of places with higher risk of infection (sandpits, playgrounds, kindergartens, nurseries, orphanages). Invasions, when the massiveness of parasite invasions is not large enough, often goes asymptomatically ? that is why the parent's perceptiveness and knowledge about the basic symptoms of the most common worms play a key role. The level of parents’ knowledge and awareness of the risk of being infected with parasitic worms is high. Most of the parents surveyed correctly diagnosed symptoms performed tests for the presence of parasites in the body of their children. Conclusions. Elimination of predisposing factors significantly minimizes the occurrence of helminthiasis.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on People with Disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Smriti Pant ◽  
Saugat Koirala ◽  
Madhusudan Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Online News ◽  
The Body ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The Impact

Any condition of the body or mind that makes it more difficult for the person with the condition to do certain activities and interact with the world around them is known as a disability. Despite the various efforts being done to ensure their rights and equity of the disabled, they still suffer more during various crises like conflicts, natural disasters and pandemics. The purpose of this narrative review is to access the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on People with disability (PWD). For writing this narrative review, Google, Google Scholar, Pub Med and online news portals were searched by using various combination of the following terminologies; “Disability”, “Differently “Disabled”, “Disable”, “People with Disability”, “PWD” “Impact”, “COVID-19”, “Corona Pandemic”, “Challenges”, “Issues”, “Policies”, “Social”, and “increased risk”. The pandemic has created many challenges for people with disability. They not have greater risk of contracting COVID-19, but also have problems accessing health services. It has also had various social impacts like problems related to education, employment as well as discrimination. The COVID pandemic has exposed gaps in the health system that make the poor, marginalized and disabled population more vulnerable to neglect and mistreatment. Proper implementation and monitoring of policies should be done to ensure that PWD feel included and respected. It is important to continually integrate PWD into the mainstream society while minimizing their risks of contracting COVID-19. The caretakers should use the necessary PPE when attending to their needs.

scholarly journals Increased Risk of Graves´ophthalmopathy in Patients With Increasing TRAb After Radioiodine Treatment and the Impact of CTLA4 on TRAb Titres

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Shahida ◽  
Kleoniki Tsoumani ◽  
Tereza Planck ◽  
Vijayachitra Modhukur ◽  
Pernilla Asp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous Treatment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Graves Ophthalmopathy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Orbital Tissue ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction. Treatment of Graves´ disease (GD) with radioiodine increases the risk of developing Graves´ ophthalmopathy (GO) but the link between thyroid and orbital tissue remains undefined.The aim was to investigate the relationship between GO and TRAb after treatment with radioiodine and to define the impact of risk genes.Methods. GD patients without ophthalmopathy or previous treatment with radioiodine were prospectively included at treatment with radioiodine for hyperthyroidism. A follow-up was performed one year later for registration of GO development. The study was performed at a University Hospital Clinic; referral center of all patients treated with radioiodine in the south of Sweden. The main outcome measures were development of TRAb, anti-TPO, anti-TG after three months and GO after 12 months and relationship to the genetic background (HLA, CTLA-4, CYR61).Results. Three months of radioiodine TRAb increased in two thirds of patients (p<0.0005) but not in the other third. Anti-TPO was associated with TRAb (R=0.362, p <0.0001) but not anti-TG. At follow-up one year later (n=204) 32 patients developed GO with a proportion of 70% in the group increasing in TRAb and 30 % in the group with unchanged or lower TRAb (p-value <0.0005). Patients with GO had higher levels of TRAb than patients without GO. CTLA-4 (rs231775 SNP) was significantly (p<0.005) associated with TRAb levels above the median three months after radioiodine.Conclusions. The increase in TRAb after treatment with radioiodine is associated with GO and a genetic variation in CTLA-4 is associated with higher levels of TRAb.

scholarly journals The impact of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use in elderly cardiovascular patients: an observational study from tertiary care in South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1787
Author(s):  
Sadhna Sharma ◽  
Biju Govind ◽  
Kondal Rao
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Background: Long-term use of NSAIDs, by patients having cardiovascular conditions, has shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular events and increased risk of death. Hence, the study was conducted to determine the complications related to NSAID use by the elderly patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods: The study was a single-center prospective observational study conducted November 2017 to October 2018. Elderly patients (>60 years) suffering from various CVDs and reported NSAID intake daily for at least one month were included. A questionnaire included demographic, treatment related history and complete details of NSAIDs intake including nature, dose, indication, source etc. The same questionnaire was again filled at the end of one-year follow-up.Results: A total of 100 participants were included in the study. The mean age was 72±8.6 years. Majority of the patients (93%) had hypertension, and 69% of the patient had previous MI.  Five NSAIDs (diclofenac, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid, naproxen, and ketorolac) were used routinely. At least one over the counter NSAID used was reported by 86%, 57% were prescribed at least one NSAIDs by their orthopaedics and physicians. At the end of 1-year follow-up, authors found that 71% had MI (2% increase), 4% developed reinfarction, 20% had severe left ventricular failure (4% increase), 7% had atrial fibrillation (1% increase), and 2% patients died and 63% patients reported raise in systolic blood pressure by 5mmHg.Conclusions: High prevalence of concomitant NSAID use among elderly CVD patients, which might be contributing towards increase in CVS morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Recurring infection with ecologically distinct human papillomavirus (HPV) types explains high prevalence and diversity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Ranjeva ◽  
Edward B. Baskerville ◽  
Vanja Dukic ◽  
Luisa Villa ◽  
Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe high prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common sexually transmitted infection, arises from the coexistence of over 200 genetically distinct types. Accurately predicting the impact of vaccines that target multiple types requires understanding the factors that determine HPV diversity. The diversity of many pathogens is driven by type-specific or “homologous” immunity, which promotes the spread of variants to which hosts have little immunity. To test for homologous immunity and to identify mechanisms determining HPV transmission, we fitted nonlinear mechanistic models to longitudinal data on genital infections in unvaccinated men. Our results provide no evidence for homologous immunity, instead showing that infection with one HPV type strongly increases the risk of infection with that type for years afterwards. For HPV16, the type responsible for most HPV-related cancers, an initial infection increases the one-year probability of reinfection by 20-fold, and the probability of reinfection remains 14-fold higher two years later. This increased risk occurs in both sexually active and celibate men, suggesting that it arises from auto-inoculation, episodic reactivation of latent virus, or both. Overall our results show that high HPV prevalence and diversity can be explained by a combination of a lack of homologous immunity, frequent reinfections, weak competition between types, and variation in type fitness between host subpopulations. Due to the high risk of reinfection, vaccinating boys that have not yet been exposed may be crucial to reduce prevalence, but our results suggest that there may also be large benefits from vaccinating previously infected individuals.

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