scholarly journals Physiological Changes of Parachlorella Kessleri TY02 in Lipid Accumulation under Nitrogen Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Gao ◽  
Jia Feng ◽  
Junping Lv ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Fangru Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Parachlorella Kessleri

In order to study the effects of nitrogen stress on the lipid synthesis of Parachlorella kessleri TY02 and to understand the changes in growth, photosynthetic pigments, total protein and total carbohydrate contents during lipid accumulation, the cells of the strain were cultured in nitrogen-deficient (N−) and nitrogen-rich (N+) media for one week. Changes in cell growth, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, neutral lipid and total lipid content, total protein content and total carbohydrate content were measured and analyzed. The results showed that, under nitrogen stress, the algal strain grew slowly, and chlorophyll and total protein contents decreased, while total carbohydrate and total lipid contents increased. This indicated that, under nitrogen stress, most of the carbon flowed to the synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates. Meanwhile, reducing the nitrogen content was a relatively economical and easy to operate method of promoting lipid accumulation.

Transformation of Rana tigrina during Progressive Metamorphosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Dhananjay Mishra ◽  
K.Venu Achari
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Rana Tigrina ◽  
Kinetics Of

We determined the kinetics of metamorphosis, apoptosis, and tail regression in Rana tigrina. Acid phosphatase activity (µMole Pi.hr-1.tail-1) in the growing and regressing tail attended six to thirty fold increase respectively. However total activity in the trunk was decreased through progressive growing stages of metamorphosis. Total protein content in the trunk of tadpoles at climax stage (XXI) was decrease (35%) from 2.6mg/ml to 1.7mg/ml. The tail of tadpole tissue has shown a two fold increase in total Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) content from stage III to stage XVIII. But there was again decrease in total RNA content at climax stage (stage XXI). This might be possible due to decreased protein synthetic status. When the experiment was performed in trunk homogenate the amount of total carbohydrate (mg/ml) was slightly increased from 37mg/ml to 38.6mg/ml. this might be due to increase in the activity of α-amylase enzymes in the viscera of developing tadpole when it reached the climax stage.

Stress of Nutrients Deficiency on Growth and Lipid Accumulation in Oil-Rich Navicula sp.

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Xiang Ji ◽  
Jin Rong Wang ◽  
Xiao Li Miao ◽  
Kai Hua Liu ◽  
Lu Cai
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Maximum Biomass

Based on optimized aquatic diatom medium, treatment of nutrient deficiency was carried out to Navicula sp. and the analysis results of comprehensive biomass and total lipid content indicated that the optimal Tmass concentrations of TFeClB3B·3HB2BO,T TCdSOB4 Band Citric acid were 1.2×10P-5P mol/L, 0.8μg/L and 12 mg/L, respectively. Maximum biomass of Navicula sp. on this culture medium at 680 spectrophotometrically could reach 1.201. Final lipid content of this microalgae could be improved from 26.60% to 37.68% after the stress of nutrient deficiency treatment.

scholarly journals Development of a Strategy for Enhancing the Biomass Growth and Lipid Accumulation of Chlorella sp. UJ-3 Using Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2802
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Wen Guan ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Shuhao Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipid ◽  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Fe3o4 Nps ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Magnetic Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Fe3o4

In this study, magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were used as an effective enhancer to increase the biomass and total lipid production of Chlorella sp. UJ-3. It was found that the biomass of algal cells increased significantly when they were exposed to low concentrations of Fe3O4 NPs (20 mg/L), while the best total lipid content of algal cells was achieved when they were exposed to high concentrations of Fe3O4 NPs (100 mg/L). Therefore, we established a strategy to promote the growth and lipid accumulation of microalgae by initially exposing the algal cells to low concentrations of Fe3O4 NPs and then treating them with an increased concentration of Fe3O4 NPs after 12 days of culture. For this strategy, the biomass and total lipid production of algal cells increased by 50% and 108.7%, respectively, compared to the untreated control. The increase in lipid production and change in the fatty acid composition of Chlorella cells were found to help them to cope with the increased number of reactive oxygen species produced due to oxidative stress in alga cells after the addition of Fe3O4 NPs. This study provided a highly efficient way to improve the lipid production of microalgae using nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid Lipids and Their Relationship with Plasma Lipids in Healthy Humans

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Kosuke Saito ◽  
Kotaro Hattori ◽  
Shinsuke Hidese ◽  
Daimei Sasayama ◽  
Tomoko Miyakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Lipid Profiling ◽  
Healthy Humans

Lipidomics provides an overview of lipid profiles in biological systems. Although blood is commonly used for lipid profiling, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is more suitable for exploring lipid homeostasis in brain diseases. However, whether an individual’s background affects the CSF lipid profile remains unclear, and the association between CSF and plasma lipid profiles in heathy individuals has not yet been defined. Herein, lipidomics approaches were employed to analyze CSF and plasma samples obtained from 114 healthy Japanese subjects. Results showed that the global lipid profiles differed significantly between CSF and plasma, with only 13 of 114 lipids found to be significantly correlated between the two matrices. Additionally, the CSF total protein content was the primary factor associated with CSF lipids. In the CSF, the levels of major lipids, namely, phosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, and cholesterolesters, correlated with CSF total protein levels. These findings indicate that CSF lipidomics can be applied to explore changes in lipid homeostasis in patients with brain diseases.

Prediction of Human Acute Toxicity by the Hep G2/24-hour/Total Protein Assay, with Protein Measurement by the CBQCA Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Dierickx
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Human Toxicity ◽  
Hep G2 ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Protein Assay ◽  
Lowry Method ◽  
Total Protein Assay

In our previously described Hep G2/24-hour/total protein assay, protein levels were measured by using the Lowry method. This assay was the best acute in vitro assay for the prediction of human toxicity within the Multicentre Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity (MEIC) study. In order to increase the MEIC data-base with a wider range of chemicals, we were interested in introducing the more practical 3-(4-carboxybenzoyl)-quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde (CBQCA) method for the quantification of the total protein content. Therefore, we investigated whether the same good results for the prediction of acute human toxicity would be obtained with the CBQCA method. The cells were treated for 24 hours, then cytotoxicity was determined by measuring the total protein content with CBQCA. The results were quantified by using the PI50c: the concentration (in mM) of test compound required to reduce the total protein content measured with the CBQCA-method by 50% as compared to the control cells. The results were compared with the PI50, the corresponding value when the Lowry method was used. A relatively low correlation was observed between PI50 and PI50c, reflecting the large and unexpected, differences when using the two protein assays. However, when comparing the log PI50c with the human toxicity, a correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.761 ( n = 44) was obtained for exactly the same series of MEIC chemicals. This value is clearly higher than that for the Lowry method ( r2 = 0.695). Compared to the Lowry method originally used, the Hep G2/24-hour/CBQCA total protein assay has the additional important advantage that it can be very easily adapted for large-scale analyses with robotic systems, including the on-line calculation of the results.

scholarly journals Snf1 Is a Regulator of Lipid Accumulation in Yarrowia lipolytica

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (23) ◽  
pp. 7360-7370 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Seip ◽  
Raymond Jackson ◽  
Hongxian He ◽  
Quinn Zhu ◽  
Seung-Pyo Hong
Keyword(s):  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Oleaginous Yeast ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Dry Cell Weight

ABSTRACTIn the oleaginous yeastYarrowia lipolytica,de novolipid synthesis and accumulation are induced under conditions of nitrogen limitation (or a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio). The regulatory pathway responsible for this induction has not been identified. Here we report that the SNF1 pathway plays a key role in the transition from the growth phase to the oleaginous phase inY. lipolytica. Strains with aY. lipolyticasnf1(Ylsnf1) deletion accumulated fatty acids constitutively at levels up to 2.6-fold higher than those of the wild type. When introduced into aY. lipolyticastrain engineered to produce omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA),Ylsnf1deletion led to a 52% increase in EPA titers (7.6% of dry cell weight) over the control. Other components of theY. lipolyticaSNF1 pathway were also identified, and their function in limiting fatty acid accumulation is suggested by gene deletion analyses. Deletion of the gene encoding YlSnf4, YlGal83, or YlSak1 significantly increased lipid accumulation in both growth and oleaginous phases compared to the wild type. Furthermore, microarray and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses of theYlsnf1mutant identified significantly differentially expressed genes duringde novolipid synthesis and accumulation inY. lipolytica. Gene ontology analysis found that these genes were highly enriched with genes involved in lipid metabolism. This work presents a new role for Snf1/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways in lipid accumulation in this oleaginous yeast.

Aspergillus flavusgrowth and aflatoxin production as influenced by total lipid content during growth and development of cottonseed

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanniah Rajasekaran ◽  
Greg Ford ◽  
Kandan Sethumadhavan ◽  
Carol Carter-Wientjes ◽  
John Bland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Aflatoxin Production
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