Familial Environment and Overweight/Obese Adolescents’ Physical Activity

(1) Background: Family environments can impact obesity risk among adolescents. Little is known about the mechanisms by which parents can influence obesity-related adolescent health behaviours and specifically how parenting practices (e.g., rules or routines) and/or their own health behaviours relate to their adolescent’s behaviours. The primary aim of the study explored, in a sample of overweight/obese adolescents, how parenting practices and/or parental modeling of physical activity (PA) behaviours relate to adolescents’ PA while examining the moderating role of parenting styles and family functioning. (2) Methods: A total of 172 parent-adolescent dyads completed surveys about their PA and wore an accelerometer for eight days to objectively measure PA. Parents completed questionnaires about their family functioning, parenting practices, and styles (authoritative and permissive). Path analysis was used for the analyses. (3) Results: More healthful PA parenting practices and parental modeling of PA were both associated with higher levels of adolescents’ self-reported moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). For accelerometer PA, more healthful PA parenting practices were associated with adolescents’ increased MVPA when parents used a more permissive parenting style. (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that parenting practices and parental modeling play a role in adolescent’s PA. The family’s emotional/relational context also warrants consideration since parenting style moderated these effects. This study emphasizes the importance of incorporating parenting styles into current familial interventions to improve their efficacy.

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Study of parenting styles, family functioning and its relation to coping strategies in children of specific learning disorder

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20200096 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 230

Author(s):

Enagandula Rupesh ◽

Shipra Singh ◽

Alka A. Subramanyam ◽

Ravindra M. Kamath

Keyword(s):

Family Functioning ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Parenting Practices ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Family Assessment Device ◽

Institutional Ethics ◽

Support Seeking ◽

And Coping

Background: Families of children with disabilities otherwise experience higher stress; and relation between parenting styles and coping of children is well known. Parental factors and family functioning may play a role in shaping the child, especially having issues like SLD. The objective is to study was coping strategies of children with SLD, parenting styles of their parents, their family functioning and relation of these with each other.Methods: It is a cross-sectional study undertaken after Institutional Ethics Committee approval, parent’s consent and child’s assent. Participants were 100 consecutive children, diagnosed with SLD, 9-13 years of age. Tools used were: Semi-structured proforma, Parenting Practices Questionnaire, Family Assessment Device and Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist Revision 1.Results: Authoritarian parenting style was significantly was associated with less use of ‘active’ and ‘support seeking’; and increased use of ‘distraction’ and ‘avoidance’ strategies. High scores on Authoritative style was associated with ‘active’ and ‘support seeking’ strategies. Avoidance coping strategy was associated with poor (high scores) and active coping strategies with higher (low scores) on problem solving, communication, and general family functioning.Conclusions: Parenting practices and family functioning can be pivotal in determining child’s attitude and coping. Assessment of this can be routinely included in child evaluation.

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P5306Changes in health-behaviours of 15-year old girls depend on satisfaction with the prophylactic intervention program. Healthy Me Study

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0277 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

A Fijalkowska ◽

J Mazur ◽

A Dzielska ◽

H Nalecz ◽

W Ostrega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Stress Level ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Smoking Prevention ◽

Control Group ◽

Entire Study ◽

Level Of Satisfaction ◽

Main Effect

Abstract Introduction Healthy Me (HM) interventional study was oriented on improvement of physical activity (PA) in 15-year old girls but also included component of eating habits, smoking prevention and personal competencies. Innovative elements of the project involved usage of fitness-band with continuous monitoring of PA and special dedicated smartphone apps. Purpose To assess the effectiveness of 1-year prophylactic intervention with the use of mobile technology in girls between 14 and 15 year of age, in relation to the level of their satisfaction with the program. Methods 1198 girls 14–15 years old from 48 randomly selected schools from all over Poland participated in the HM during 2017/2018 school year. Schools were randomized to full or partial intervention and control group, respectively 636, 277 and 285 girls. Questionnaire data from the beginning and the end of the HM regarding four factors (low PA, eating sweets, smoking and stress level) were analyzed. Mean changes (MC) calculated according to the definition given in table 1 were applied as outcome measure. Satisfaction with the program was assessed after 1 year of participation in the HM as low, average and high. General linear models with main effects were estimated and adjusted for initial level of each factor. Results At the beginning of the study 87% participants did not fulfill criteria for recommended PA, 9% smoked during last 30 days and 67% ate sweets more than ones per week. Mean stress level was 6.92±2.92 points. For the entire study group, the only significant change after 1 year intervention was lower frequency of eating sweets (p=0,007). However, the higher satisfaction with the study resulted in the significantly higher effectiveness of HM intervention (table 1). Mean changes in the analyzed factors Analyzed factor Range Mean change in entire group (SE) Mean change by level of satisfaction p1 p2 low (SE) average (SE) high (SE) Physical activity (MVPA) 0–7 days −0.076 (0.063) −0.396 (0.137) −0.147 (0.068) 0.261 (0.119) 0.001 0.068 Smoking-past 0 – never 0.039 (0.028) 0.270 (0.066) 0.034 (0.033) −0.004 (0.057) 0.002 0.067 6–30 days or more Eating sweets 0 – never −0.296 (0.045) −0.047 (0.101) −0.285 (0.050) −0.313 (0.086) 0.069 0.016 6 – every day more than once Stress Cohen scale 0–16 points 0.105 (0.090) 0.498 (0.211) 0.138 (0.105) −0.424 (0.183) 0.003 0.823 SE: standard error; MVPA: moderate to vigorous physical activity; p1: main effect of the level of satisfaction; p2: main effect of the intervention group. Conclusion Program that was dedicated for improvement of PA in teenage girls could also profitably influence other factors related to health behaviours and stress level in this group but intervention must be perceived by participants as rewarding. It seems, that attractiveness of interventional program design, increased by mobile technologies, is key for its effectiveness for teens. Acknowledgement/Funding National Health Program, Ministry of Health

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A Review of Matthias Doepke and Fabrizio Zilibotti’s Love, Money and Parenting: How Economics Explains the Way We Raise Our Kids

Journal of Economic Literature ◽

10.1257/jel.20201559 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 1001-1022

Author(s):

Lena Edlund

Keyword(s):

Income Inequality ◽

Cultural Differences ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Parenting Practices ◽

Parental Rights ◽

The West ◽

Child Bearing ◽

1960S And 1970S ◽

The 1960S

As Generation X’s (born in the 1960s and 1970s) child bearing years draw to a close, its parenting practices are due for assessment, the topic of the book under review. The book organizes its discussion around Diana Baumrind’s three parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. It chronicles the drift toward the two latter and argues that income inequality determines which one of the two will be popular. When inequality is low, less is at stake and the parenting style can be more relaxed. By contrast, high inequality pushes parents toward the achievement- oriented authoritative style. More generally, the book argues, cultural differences in parenting styles can be understood as the outcome of altruistic parents’ efforts to prepare their children for adulthood, a useful perspective when parental rights are limited, long the case in the West.(JEL D13, D63, I20, J12, J13, J16)

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Lifestyle changes associated with participation in colorectal cancer screening: Prospective data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Journal of Medical Screening ◽

10.1177/0969141318803973 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 84-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Claire Stevens ◽

Samuel G Smith ◽

Charlotte Vrinten ◽

Jo Waller ◽

Rebecca J Beeken

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽

Teachable Moment ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

English Longitudinal Study

Objectives Population-based cancer screening has been described as a teachable moment for behaviour change. This research examined the effect of faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) participation on smoking, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity. Setting Data were from screening-naïve men within the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, receiving their first FOBT invitation (n = 774). Four waves of data were included in analyses (wave 4, 2008/2009 – wave 7, 2014/2015). Baseline data were from the wave prior to FOBT invitation, and follow-up data were from the next consecutive wave (two years later). Methods The effects of FOBT participation, time and group-by-time interactions on health behaviours were investigated using generalised estimating equations. Almost two-thirds of the sample (62.5%; n = 484) had participated in FOBT. Results Screening participants were less likely to smoke (odds ratio (OR): 0.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29–0.68) and more likely to meet fruit and vegetable consumption guidelines (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.14–2.55). Smoking decreased over time (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62–0.89), but adherence to alcohol guidelines also decreased (OR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53–0.91). A group-by-time interaction was found for vigorous physical activity; the odds of taking part in vigorous physical activity increased for FOBT participants, but decreased for non-participants (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.01–1.95). Conclusions This research provides tentative support for FOBT as a teachable moment for increasing vigorous physical activity. However, overall, there was limited evidence for spontaneous improvement in multiple health behaviours following participation.

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Associations of Parental Influences with Physical Activity and Screen Time among Young Children: A Systematic Review

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2015/546925 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

Huilan Xu ◽

Li Ming Wen ◽

Chris Rissel

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Young Children ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Screen Time ◽

Parenting Practices ◽

Critical Role ◽

Early Years ◽

Parental Influences

Parents play a critical role in developing and shaping their children’s physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours, particularly in the early years of life. The aim of this systematic review is to identify current literature investigating associations of parental influences with both PA and screen time in young children. This systematic review was conducted in November 2013 using 6 electronic databases covering research literature from January 1998 to November 2013. Thirty articles that met inclusion criteria were identified. These studies covered five important aspects of parenting: (1) parenting practices; (2) parents’ role modelling; (3) parental perceptions of children’s PA and screen viewing behaviours; (4) parental self-efficacy; and (5) general parenting style. Findings suggest that parents’ encouragement and support can increase children’s PA, and reducing parents’ own screen time can lead to decreased child screen time. Improving parenting practices, parental self-efficacy or changing parenting style may also be promising approaches to increasing PA time and decreasing screen time of young children.

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Parenting Styles Moderate How Parent and Adolescent Beliefs Shape Each Other’s Eating and Physical Activity: Dyadic Evidence from a Cross-Sectional, U.S. National Survey

10.31234/osf.io/2vdgf ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Richie L Lenne ◽

Keven Joyal-Desmarais ◽

Rachael E. Jones ◽

Chloe O. Huelsnitz ◽

Mary Elizabeth Panos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Norms ◽

Eating Behavior ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Sugary Drinks ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style

Psychological theories of health behavior focus on intrapersonal influences on behavior. Greater attention to interpersonal effects and the relational contexts that regulate them has the potential to improve theory, and offer innovative strategies for intervention. This research takes a dyadic approach to understanding how parent and adolescent beliefs influence each other’s health behaviors, and how the relationship context of parent-adolescent dyads moderates these effects. Using the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating study (FLASHE), we analyze responses from 1,717 parent-adolescent dyads from across the U.S., and explore a dyadic extension to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). We evaluate how parenting styles that characterize each parent-adolescent dyad moderate the degree to which parents’ and adolescents’ own attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are associated with the other person’s behaviors across four domains: fruit and vegetable consumption, junk food and sugary drinks consumption, engagement in physical activity, and engagement in screen time sedentary behaviors. We find that the association between parents’ attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control and their adolescent’s eating behavior tends to be stronger when parents have an authoritative parenting style. However, we also find that the association between adolescents’ attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control and their parent’s eating behavior tends to be stronger when parents have an authoritative parenting style. These findings show the importance of context in evaluating interpersonal influence, and hold implications for health-relevant interventions.

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Examining Influences of Parenting Styles and Practices on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Latino Children in the United States: Integrative Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.8159 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Cristina Lindsay ◽

Minerva Wasserman ◽

Mario A Muñoz ◽

Sherrie F Wallington ◽

Mary L Greaney

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Full Text ◽

Parenting Practices ◽

Mexican American ◽

Additional Research ◽

Integrative Review ◽

Latino Children ◽

Mexican Immigrant ◽

Sedentary Behaviors

BACKGROUND Research indicates that parents influence their children’s physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) through their parenting styles and practices. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this paper were to evaluate existing research examining the associations between parenting styles, parenting practices, and PA and SB among Latino children aged between 2 and 12 years, highlight limitations of the existing research, and generate suggestions for future research. METHODS The method of this integrative review was informed by methods developed by Whittemore and Knafl, which allow for the inclusion of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses guidelines, five electronic academic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and CINAHL) were searched for peer-reviewed, full-text papers published in English. Of the 641 unique citations identified, 67 full-text papers were retrieved, and 16 were selected for review. RESULTS The majority of the 16 reviewed studies were conducted with predominantly Mexican American or Mexican immigrant samples, and only 1 study examined the association between parenting styles and Latino children’s PA and SB. Most (n=15) reviewed studies assessed the influence of parenting practices on children’s PA and SB, and they provide good evidence that parenting practices such as offering verbal encouragement, prompting the child to be physically active, providing logistic support, engaging and being involved in PA, monitoring, and offering reinforcement and rewards encourage, facilitate, or increase children’s PA. The examined studies also provide evidence that parenting practices, such as setting rules and implementing PA restrictions due to safety concerns, weather, and using psychological control discourage, hinder, or decrease children’s PA. CONCLUSIONS Because this review found a very small number of studies examining the relationship between parenting styles and Latino children’s PA and SB, additional research is needed. Given that the majority of reviewed studies were conducted with predominantly Mexican American or Mexican immigrant samples, additional research examining parenting styles, parenting practices, and PA and SB among multiethnic Latino groups is needed to design interventions tailored to the needs of this ethnically diverse population group.

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Comparison of the Parenting styles, Quality of life, and Family Functioning between Dual Career and Single Career Families in Yazd City

The Journal of Tolooebehdasht ◽

10.18502/tbj.v18i3.1440 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hassan ZareeiMahmoodabad ◽

Mahdiyeh Modaresi ◽

Kazem BarzegarBafroei

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Family Functioning ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Dual Career ◽

Family Function ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Yazd City

Introduction: Women are interested in social roles along with their maternal role. According to mothers' role in parenting style, family functioning, and quality of life, we compared the parenting style, quality of life, and family function between dual career and single career families in Yazd City. Methods: This casual-comparative study was conducted over 304 dual career and single carrier families in three regions of Yazd selected using available sampling method. The study tools included parenting style questionnaire, quality of life questionnaire, and family function questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Results: The results indicated that quality of life and its dimensions caused no significant difference in dual career and single career families. In the field of family functioning, the only difference was in roles’ dimension, which was significantly different between dual career and single career families. This difference was in favor of dual career families. Regarding the parenting style, the only significant difference was related to the authoritative style this difference was in favor of single career families. Conclusion: According to the results, no significant difference was observed between the dual career and single career families in the style of parenting, family functioning, and quality of life.

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Parenting Styles Influencing Personality Development of Catering Students

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0401.099 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Arulsubila, M ◽

Dr. Subasree, R

Keyword(s):

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Parenting Practices ◽

Parental Attitudes ◽

Personality Development ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Child Rearing ◽

Parent Child Relationship ◽

The Relationship ◽

Adolescent Personality

Family is the main pillar of child’s personality development. Elements of family life such as parenting style and parental attitudes profoundly affect the psychosocial and personality development of adolescents. Parenting style is a psychological construct representing standard strategies that parents use in child rearing. The quality of the relationship between parents and children are considered as the determining factor of adjustment, interpersonal interaction. Psychological and emotional atmosphere dominant on the family form the behavioral and personality characteristics of children. (Sarmast, 2006). Identity and personality formation during adolescence is profoundly influenced by the dyadic parent–child relationship. When parenting is dysfunctional, internalization and continuity of parental values become problematic. Various studies indicate that one of the most effective factors on the development and formation of adolescent personality is their parent’s parenting practices. (Belsky & Barrendz 2008; Prinzich et. al. 2004). The present study investigates two dimensions of parental style, “Care & overprotection” on adolescent personality. Personality development Index by K.V. Kaliappan & S. Karithikeyan and parental bonding instrument by Gordon Parker, Hilary Tupling are the tools used. The relationship and outcome of each dimension of parenting style will be discussed with personality of adolescent. SPSS package will be used for statistical analysis.

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