scholarly journals Vertical Distribution and Controlling Factors Exploration of Sc, V, Co, Ni, Mo and Ba in Six Soil Profiles of The Mun River Basin, Northeast Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1745
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Zhou ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Chao Song ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Geoaccumulation Index ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Mo Content

Exploring the enrichment and controlling factors of heavy metals in soils is essential because heavy metals can cause severe soil contamination and threaten human health when they are excessively enriched in soils. Soil samples (total 103) from six soil profiles (T1 to T6) in the Mun River Basin, Northeast Thailand, were collected for the analyses of the content of heavy metals, including Sc, V, Co, Ni, Mo, Ba. The average contents of soil heavy metals decrease in the following order: Ba, V, Ni, Sc, Co, and Mo (T1, T3, T4 and T5); Ni, V, Ba, Co, Sc, Mo, and Ba (T2); Ba, V, Sc, Ni, Mo, and Co (T6). An enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index were calculated to assess the degree of heavy metal contamination in the soils. The EFs of these heavy metals in most samples range from 0 to 1.5, which reveals that most heavy metals are slightly enriched. Geoaccumulation indexes show that only the topsoil of T1 and T2 is slightly contaminated by Ba, Sc, Ni, and V. Soil organic carbon (SOC), soil pH and soil texture are significantly positively correlated with most heavy metals, except for a negative correlation between soil pH and Mo content. In conclusion, the influence of heavy metals on soils in the study area is slight and SOC, soil pH, soil texture dominate the behavior of heavy metals.

scholarly journals Determining the Distribution and Interaction of Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen, pH and Texture in Soil Profiles: A Case Study in the Lancangjiang River Basin, Southwest China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Zhou ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Jie Zeng ◽  
Bin Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Soil Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Silty Loam

The profile distributions of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic nitrogen (SON), soil pH and soil texture were rarely investigated in the Lancangjiang River Basin. This study aims to present the vertical distributions of these soil properties and provide some insights about how they interact with each other in the two typical soil profiles. A total of 56 soil samples were collected from two soil profiles (LCJ S-1, LCJ S-2) in the Lancangjiang River Basin to analyze the profile distributions of SOC and SON and to determine the effects of soil pH and soil texture. Generally, the contents of SOC and SON decreased with increasing soil depth and SOC contents were higher than SON contents (average SOC vs. SON content: 3.87 g kg−1 vs. 1.92 g kg−1 in LCJ S-1 and 5.19 g kg−1 vs. 0.96 g kg−1 in LCJ S-2). Soil pH ranged from 4.50 to 5.74 in the two soil profiles and generally increased with increasing soil depth. According to the percentages of clay, silt, and sand, most soil samples can be categorized as silty loam. Soil pH values were negatively correlated with C/N ratios (r = −0.66, p < 0.01) and SOC contents (r = −0.52, p < 0.01). Clay contents were positively correlated with C/N ratios (r = 0.43, p < 0.05) and SOC contents (r = 0.42, p < 0.01). The results indicate that soil pH and clay are essential factors influencing the SOC spatial distributions in the two soil profiles.

scholarly journals Geochemical Distribution Characteristics of Rare Earth Elements in Different Soil Profiles in Mun River Basin, Northeast Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Zhou ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Chao Song ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Enrichment Factors ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Northeast Thailand

Exploring the distributions of rare earth elements (REEs) in soil profiles is essential to understanding how natural and anthropogenic factors influence the geochemical behaviors of REEs. This study aimed to learn about the distribution characteristics of REEs in soils, including their fractionation and enrichment, and to explore the influence of soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC) on REEs. One hundred and three samples were collected from six soil profiles under different land uses (paddy field: T1, T3; forest land: T2, T6; wasteland: T4; building site: T5) in the Mun River Basin, Northeast Thailand. The average total REE contents (∑REE) are much lower (<80 mg kg−1) than that of Earth’s crust (153.80 mg kg−1) in soil profiles T2, T3, T4, and T6. The contents of REEs tend to increase slightly with depth in all soil profiles. The ratios of (La/Yb)N range from 0.35 to 0.96 in most samples, indicating that the enrichment of heavy REEs (HREEs) relative to light REEs (LREEs) is the main fractionation pattern. Samples from profile T2 show relatively obvious negative Ce anomalies (0.55–0.78) and positive Eu anomalies (1.41–1.56), but there are almost no anomalies of Ce and Eu in other soil profiles. Enrichment factors of LREEs (EFLREEs) range from 0.23 to 1.54 and EFHREEs range from 0.34 to 2.27, which demonstrates that all soil samples show no LREE enrichment and only parts of samples show minor HREE enrichment. Soil organic carbon (SOC) contents positively correlate with the enrichment factors of REEs (EFREE) in soil profiles T1 (R = 0.56, p < 0.01) and T6 (R = 0.71), while soil pH values correlate well with EFREE in soil profiles T2 (R = 0.75) and T4 (R = −0.66, p < 0.01), indicating the important influence of soil pH and SOC on the mobility of REEs in some soil profiles.

scholarly journals Effects of soil pH and texture on soil carbon and nitrogen in soil profiles under different land uses in Mun River Basin, Northeast Thailand

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Zhou ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Forest Lands

Soil carbon and nitrogen are essential factors for agricultural production and climate changes. A total of 106 soil samples from three agricultural lands (including two rice fields and one sugarcane field) and four non-agricultural lands (including two forest lands, one wasteland and one built-up land) in the Mun River Basin were collected to determine soil carbon, nitrogen, soil pH, soil particle sizes and explore the influence of pH and soil texture on soil C and N. The results show that total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (TON) contents in topsoil (TOC: 2.78 ~ 18.83 g kg−1; TON: 0.48 ~ 2.05 g kg−1) are much higher than those in deep soil (TOC: 0.35 ~ 6.08 g kg−1; TON: <0.99 g kg−1). In topsoil, their contents of forest lands and croplands (TOC: average 15.37 g kg−1; TON: average 1.29 g kg−1) are higher than those of other land uses (TOC: average 5.28 g kg−1; TON: average 0.38 g kg−1). The pH values range from 4.2 to 6.1 in topsoil, and with increase in soil depth, they tend to increase and then decrease. Soil carbon, nitrogen and the C/N (TC/TN ratio) are negatively correlated with soil pH, demonstrating that relatively low pH benefits the accumulation of organic matter. Most soil samples are considered as sandy loam and silt loam from the percentages of clay, silt and sand. For soil profiles below 50 cm, the TOC and TON average contents of soil samples which contain more clay and silt are higher than those of other soil samples.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF PH IN HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION OF URBAN SOIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asta KAZLAUSKAITĖ-JADZEVIČĖ ◽  
Jonas VOLUNGEVIČIUS ◽  
Virginija GREGORAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Saulius MARCINKONIS
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Urban Soil ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Ph Level

The aim of this study to assess interdependence between urban soil pH and its accumulation of heavy metals. The article meant to be a contribution to a better knowledge of peculiarities and diagnostics of urban soil and its anthropogenic transformation. The hypothesis assumes that relationship between urban soil pH and its accumulation of heavy metals may be determined by the origin and age of parent material as well as the nature and degree of the anthropogenic impact. The spatial variability of topsoil pH level was performed in 100 points in eldership of Šnipiškės of the city Vilnius. Laboratory analysis was based on ISO 10390:2005. Samples were collected from 20 cm topsoil layer in the same sampling points where have been analysed concentrations of topsoil chemical elements using optical atomic emission spectrophotometry. The contamination of urban soils exhibits somewhat different compared to agricultural soils. In contradiction to earlier studies in Lithuanian agricultural soils where strong correlation between soil pH and Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu and Zd found, the conducted analysis shows a statistically reliable, but very weak (&lt;0.3) correlation between the soil pH and concentration of contaminants. The proof to this correlation is provided by an existing relationship between pH and the concentration of copper (r = 0.20), mercury (r = 0.15), strontium (r = –0.12) and the overall contamination index (r = 0.12). The applied statistical analysis, however, failed to reveal the nature of interdependence between the soil pH and its contamination with studied heavy metals there concentration of contaminant chemical elements depends on the pH range of the soil and, conversely, the chemical reactivity of the soil changes affect on the concentration of studied chemical elements.

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Limestone Soil from Suzhou Area, Anhui Province, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 949-952
Author(s):  
Song Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Geoaccumulation Index ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Metal Element ◽  
Heavy Metal Element ◽  
Heavy Metals Pollution ◽  
Limestone Soil

The heavy metal elements analysis had been carried out for the limestone soils collected from Suzhou area, the degree of heavy metals pollution were evaluated by such methods as enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index, and the correlation and principal analysis of the testing results were studied based on SPSS. The results showed that the heavy metals of the samples can be subdivided into tow type: the Pb、Zn and Cr are below the first quality standard level, the Cu and As are between the first and second level of quality standard, the heavy metal element pollution degree were as follows: Cu>As>Cr>Zn>Pb>V. The V and Zr are controlled by the contamination of the detrital; the Pb, Sr and As are controlled by the source rock (limestone); the third factor contain the Zn, Cu and Al, which showed the effect by agriculture.

Spatial distribution characteristics and source identification of heavy metals in river waters of the Huaihe River Basin, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiqiang Yang ◽  
Yun Wan ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Dawei Zou ◽  
Xin Leng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Huaihe River Basin ◽  
Huaihe River ◽  
River Waters ◽  
The Huaihe River

Rapid rates of industrialisation and urbanisation have led to heavy metal contamination of many rivers in China. Identification of the main sources of heavy metal contamination in river waters and description of their spatial distribution are essential for the control of river water pollution. In this study, water samples were collected from 218 sampling sites on rivers of the Huaihe River Basin during summer 2014. Fourteen heavy metals were detected (As, Ba, Co, Cr, Fe, Pb, Mn, Mo, Ni, Zn, Se, Sn, Sr and V). The concentrations of these heavy metals showed significant regional variation and the areas could be divided into four groups based on pollution levels: a pollution-free group (Group C), a low pollution group (Group D), a moderate pollution group (Group A), and a high pollution group (Group B). Pearson correlation coefficients verified the common sources of some of the heavy metals. Further analysis revealed that the release of effluents associated with mining, smelting, welding, fertilisers, pesticides and the chemical and electronics industries are the principal sources of heavy metal contamination in the waters of rivers of the Huaihe River Basin.

scholarly journals The Mercury Behavior and Contamination in Soil Profiles in Mun River Basin, Northeast Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Qu ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Man Liu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Soil Mercury

To determine the geochemical characteristics and contamination of soil mercury in the Mun River basin, northeast Thailand, the vertical mercury distribution patterns and mercury contamination levels in six soil profiles under different land uses are studied. A total of 240 soil samples collected from agricultural land, abandoned agricultural land, and woodland were analyzed by an RA-915M mercury analyzer to determine the total mercury (THg) content, which ranged from 0.13 to 69.40 μg∙kg−1 in the study area. In the soil cultivation layer (0–30 cm), the average content of THg in the woodland (15.89 μg∙kg−1) and the agricultural land (13.48 μg∙kg−1) were higher than that in the abandoned agricultural land (4.08 μg∙kg−1), indicating that the plants or crops could increase the content of mercury in the surface soil layer. The total organic carbon (TOC) and iron content with high positive correlations with the THg content significantly contributed to the adsorption of soil mercury. Moreover, a higher pH value in the soil and a finer grain size in soil texture can be beneficial for the enrichment of mercury. A geoaccumulation index was used to evaluate the contamination of mercury, showing that this area had a slight contamination, and a few soil sites were moderate contamination.

scholarly journals Multiple Factors Influence the Accumulation of Heavy Metals (Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn) in Forest Soils in the Vicinity of Roadways

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Kupka ◽  
Mateusz Kania ◽  
Marcin Pietrzykowski ◽  
Adam Łukasik ◽  
Piotr Gruba
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
The Road

AbstractIntensified vehicular traffic causes increased heavy metal contamination of the environment. We investigated the heavy metal chemistry of soils located under silver fir stands in the vicinity of Poland’s S7 roadway. Three sampling sites were located in fir stands in central Poland. Fieldwork included soil sampling of the organic (O) horizon and mineral (A) topsoil. We analyzed the soil pH, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentration, and the HCl-extractable forms of sodium (Na) and heavy metals: copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). The stoichiometric ratios Cu:C, Ni:C, Pb:C, and Zn:C were also calculated. In all sites, a higher Na concentration was found in the 0–10 m from the forest edge. This zone was characterized by increased pH in the O horizon, increased Zn and Ni in the A horizon, and a decreased Pb in the O horizon. There was no clear pattern for the Cu concentration. The Ni:C and Zn:C ratios were correlated with pH, while Pb:C and Cu:C ratios were correlated with the clay minerals. HCl-extractable Ni and Zn concentrations in A horizon were greater near the roadway, revealing strong pH dependency. The roadway affects the geochemical background of the topsoil in the nearby fir stands. Mechanistically, we suggest that Na increases the soil pH and therefore enhances the ability of soil organic matter to bind Ni and Zn by releasing hydrogen from soil organic matter functional groups into the soil solution. A depleted Pb near the road was likely owing to the strong competition from Na.

scholarly journals Geoaccumulation and Ecological Risk Indexes in Papaya Cultivation Due to the Presence of Trace Metals

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Isabel Araceli Amaro-Espejo ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Joaquín Murguía-González ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Karina Patricia Bañuelos-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Geoaccumulation Index ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of heavy metals on Maradol papaya cultivation soil, through the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the ecological potential risk index (RI). Soil samples from 15 locations in the Cotaxtla municipality of Veracruz, Mexico were tested for pH, soil texture, and concentrations of lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and organic matter (MO). The pH varied between values of 5.5 ± 0.10 and 7.7 ± 0.22, while the MO varied from 1.57% ± 0.97% to 13.1% ± 1.342%. The type of soil texture represented 48% sandy loam, 40% loam, 8% clay loam, and 4% silt-loam. For heavy metals, average levels were found in the following order Cr (0.695 ± 0.018) > Zn (0.615 ± 0.016) > Pb (0.323 ± 0.012) > Cu (0.983 ± 0.011) > Cd (0.196 ± 0.011) mg kg−1. The Igeo values from 96% of the analyzed sampling points were below zero and were considered uncontaminated. The other 4% of samples, from the Potrerillo1 (PT) site, had Igeo values of 1.13, where the highest concentration of Cd was found, which indicates moderate contamination levels. The RI index at the PT site was in the category of moderate contamination, and the rest of the points correspond to the category of low pollution.

scholarly journals Assessment and source identification of heavy metal contamination of groundwater using geospatial technology in Gadilam River basin, Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mohammed Rizwan ◽  
V. Thirukumaran ◽  
M. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Groundwater Samples

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine the groundwater quality of the Gadilam River basin on the basis of Geographic Information Technology (GIS) taxonomy evaluation and risk assessment and statistical analysis. The Gadilam River originates from the district of Kallakurichi and flows into the district of Viluppuram finally confluence at Bay of Bengal in the district of Cuddalore. Groundwater supplies are serving the entire drinking needs of the residents of the Gadilam River basin, and pollution of its toxic elements has been raised in recent years. A total of 120 groundwater samples, excluding reserved forest areas, were obtained from the Gadilam River basin. 50 samples of the Archaean formation, 34 samples of the Quaternary formation, 35 additional Tertiary formation samples and one Cretaceous formation sample. During the monsoon season (Nov. 2018), groundwater samples were taken, which is after the Gaja cyclone’s diastral effects. At the time of the sample acquisition, pH, EC and TDS were measured using the Elico field kit. Using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, the heavy metals Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Co, Fe, Mn and Ni were analyzed. The spatial distribution maps of the GIS shows that in all the samples the concentrations of chromium, lead, cobalt, nickel are high (above the permitted limit). In 93.40%of the area, the manganese concentrations are higher, dropping under the unauthorized cap for human use in compliance with WHO requirements. In addition, statistical analysis indicates that groundwater pollution of the roots of Pb and Cr is from foreign sources and geogenic origin cannot be avoided. The country's rocks and industrial effluents can trigger Zn and Co. The anthropogenic operations may be due to Cu. The taxonomy diagram showing all groundwater samples is classified as ‘near neutral high metal.’ Industrial waste, household sewage, has boosted the emission of heavy metals. Groundwater risk assessment study of heavy metals using SMCE approach reveals that dense residential area in the Archaean formation, lineaments intersection with river portion and sea shore area in Quaternary formation and nearby SIPCOT industry and Lignite mining area in Tertiary formation is noted in the ‘Extreme risk dangerous’ areas.

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