Analysis of Mortality and Morbidity in COVID-19 Patients with Obesity Using Clinical Epidemiological Data from the Korean Center for Disease Control & Prevention

Previous studies have reported the association of obesity with increased morbidity or mortality due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aims to investigate the relationship of obesity, as defined by the body mass index (BMI), with morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. Data from 5628 confirmed COVID-19 patients were collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Korea. The hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality in the BMI groups were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for covariates. The odds ratios (ORs) of morbidity and diabetes in the BMI groups were analyzed using logistic regression adjusted for the same covariates. Both underweight and obesity were associated with a higher HR for mortality (adjusted HR = 2.28, 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] = 1.23–4.25, p = 0.009 for underweight and adjusted HR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.10–2.66, p = 0.017 for obese). Obesity was related to higher odds of morbidity (adjusted OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.32–2.21, p < 0.001). Underweight and obesity were associated with high mortality and/or morbidity due to COVID-19 in Korea.

Download Full-text

Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis and Psoriatic Arthritis: Role of Lipoproteins in a High-risk Population

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.111307 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (7) ◽

pp. 1433-1440 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ANNE GRETE SEMB ◽

TORE K. KVIEN ◽

DAVID A. DeMICCO ◽

RANA FAYYAD ◽

CHUAN-CHUAN WUN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Proportional Hazard ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Increased Risk

Objective.To evaluate lipids and apolipoproteins as predictors of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity (CVD) in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA).Methods.In the pooled cohort of participants in the IDEAL, TNT, and CARDS trials, 50 had ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 36 had psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and 21,641 did not have AS or PsA (non-SpA). We compared lipid levels at baseline between AS or PsA and non-SpA, and hazard ratios (HR) for CVD were calculated in a Cox proportional hazard model.Results.Atherogenic lipids were lower in samples from AS, but not in PsA, compared to non-SpA. The HR for 1 SD increase in baseline lipids for future CVD was for total cholesterol 1.39 (95% CI 0.82, 2.36) in AS, 1.01 (95% CI 0.44, 2.31) in PsA, and 1.10 (95% CI 1.07, 1.14) in non-SpA. Both high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein (ApoA-1) were significantly associated with CVD in AS (HR 3.67, 95% CI 1.47, 9.06, and HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.02, 3.54, respectively), in contrast to PsA (HDL: HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.49, 2.15; ApoA-1: HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.34, 1.89) and non-SpA (HDL: HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.84, 0.89; ApoA-1: HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.85, 0.91).Conclusion.HDL and ApoA-1 were surprisingly associated with increased risk of future CVD in patients with AS, whereas these lipids were protective in non-SpA.

Download Full-text

The relationship between obesity in children ages 9 - 12 years and pattern of playing activities

Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma ◽

10.30742/jikw.v4i1.8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Putu Denny Tanaya ◽

Emillia Devi D.Rianti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Disease Control ◽

Body Fat ◽

Genetic Factor ◽

The Body ◽

Male And Female ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

The Relationship ◽

Main Factor

Obesity is excess weight as a result of stockpiling body fat excessive and could happen to all citizen including on children. The cause of obesity that one of them caused by the imbalance between intake of nutrients with physical activity that is playing. Good physical activity, the body metabolic processes will make the children walk with a maximum intake of calories that can be obtained from food directly in use in both by the body. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between the obese on 9 to 12 years old kids are playing with a pattern. From the graph is used for children and teenager to define obesity using the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Method used by persentil graph body mass index (bmi to age 2 to 20 years in the male and female). Analytic research is the correlation with spearman. The result of research shows that there is no correlation between obesity with a pattern of the activity of playing on children aged 9 to 12 years. Because the value of a correlation coefficient (0.053 > 0.025). It is also avidenced by the result of a coefficient that marked negative and having meaning the absence of correlation ( - 0.209 ). Of the result we can conclude that there are a lot of the main factor in addition to the activity of playing that can cause a child suffering from obesity including genetic factor, and the pattern of hormonal feeding on such a child.

Download Full-text

Influence of Changes in Obesity Indicators on the Risk of Hypertension: A Cohort Study in Southern China

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000515059 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Xin Peng ◽

JunXuan Huang ◽

Yan Liu ◽

MengJiao Cheng ◽

Bo Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Southern China ◽

Age Groups ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

The Body ◽

Proportional Hazard ◽

Incident Hypertension ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard ◽

Hazard Ratios

Objectives: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the association between changes in different obesity indicators and the risk of incident hypertension by the age-group among community-dwelling residents in southern China. Methods: A total of 6,959 non-hypertensive participants aged ≥18 years old were enrolled in this cohort study and completed questionnaire interviews and anthropometric measurements at baseline (2010) and follow-up (2017). A time-dependent covariate Cox proportional hazard model considered the changes in obesity indicators during the follow-up period and calculated the hazard ratios (HRs) to analyze the risk of incident hypertension according to different obesity indicators. Results: During a mean follow-up of 7.1 years, 1,904 participants were newly diagnosed with hypertension. The body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were significantly positively associated with an increased future risk of incident hypertension, and BMI was the best predictive indicator of hypertension (obesity in men: HR = 2.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.20–3.20; obesity in women: HR = 2.80, 95% CI = 2.27–3.45). Compared with the middle-aged and older group, the risk of incident hypertension was highest in the younger group which had the highest baseline obesity indicators. Conclusions: Changes in obesity indicators were significantly associated with the risk of incident hypertension in all age-groups, and the risk of future incident hypertension increased with the increase in baseline obesity indicators.

Download Full-text

Correlation between Fasting Blood Glucose Level at Admission and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-18484/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bin Zhu ◽

Chunguo Jiang ◽

Xiaokai Feng ◽

Yanfei Zheng ◽

Jie Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Proportional Hazard ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard ◽

Single Center Study ◽

And Gender ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly, with a growing number of cases confirmed around the world. This study explores the relationship of fasting blood glucose (FBG) at admission with mortality. Methods In this retrospective, single-center study, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Wu Han from 29 January 2020 to 23 February 2020. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between FBG and mortality. Results A total of 107 patients were enrolled in our study. The average age was 59.49 ± 13.33 and the FBG at admission was 7.35 ± 3.13 mmol/L. There were 16 people died of COVID-19 with an average age 68.1 ± 9.5 and the FBG was 8.94 ± 4.76 mmol/L. Regression analysis showed that there were significant association between FBG and death (HR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.02-1.24). After adjusting for covariables, the significance still exists. In addition, our result showed that FBG > 7.0 mmol/L or diabetic mellitus can significantly increase mortality after adjusting for the age and gender. Conclusions This study suggests that FBG at admission is an effective and reliable indicator for disease prognosis in COVID-19 patients.

Download Full-text

Increased risk of non-multiple sclerosis demyelinating syndromes in patients with preexisting septicaemia: a nationwide retrospective cohort study

Postgraduate Medical Journal ◽

10.1136/postgradmedj-2019-136667 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 95 (1124) ◽

pp. 307-313

Author(s):

Chung-Hsing Chou ◽

Jiunn-Tay Lee ◽

Chia-Kuang Tsai ◽

Li-Ming Lien ◽

Jiu-Haw Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Population Based ◽

Research Database ◽

Proportional Hazard ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽

The Relationship

BackgroundGrowing evidence shows links between septicaemia and non-multiple sclerosis demyelinating syndromes (NMSDS); nevertheless, epidemiological data are still very limited. This study aimed to explore the relationship between septicaemia and NMSDS in a general population.MethodsThe study included 482 781 individuals diagnosed with septicaemia and 1 892 825 age/sex-matched non-septicaemia patients for the comparison. Data were drawn from a population-based nationwide National Health Insurance Research Database Taiwan, from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2011. The two cohorts of patients with and without septicaemia were followed up for the occurrence of NMSDS. The Cox-proportional hazard regression model was performed to estimate adjusted HR after multivariate adjustment.ResultsIndividuals with septicaemia had a 4.17-fold (95% CI 3.21 to 5.4, p < 0.001) higher risk to develop NMSDS compared with those without septicaemia. Patients aged <65 years had a greater NMSDS risk (<45 years: HR = 6.41, 95% CI 3.65 to 11.3, p < 0.001; 45–64 years: HR = 6.66, 95% CI 3.98 to 11.2, p < 0.001). Furthermore, females with septicaemia and individuals with higher severity of septicaemia were associated with increased risks of developing NMSDS.ConclusionsOur results indicated that patients with septicaemia were likely to develop NMSDS. A possible contributing role of septicaemia in increasing the hazard of NMSDS is proposed, based on the outcome that individuals with higher severity of septicaemia carried elevated threat of encountering NMSDS.

Download Full-text

Correlation between Fasting Blood Glucose Level at Admission and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-18484/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bin Zhu ◽

Chunguo Jiang ◽

Xiaokai Feng ◽

Yanfei Zheng ◽

Jie Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Proportional Hazard ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard ◽

Single Center Study ◽

And Gender ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly, with a growing number of cases confirmed around the world. This study explores the relationship of fasting blood glucose (FBG) at admission with mortality.Methods: In this retrospective, single-center study, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Wu Han from 29 January 2020 to 23 February 2020. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between FBG and mortality.Results: A total of 107 patients were enrolled in our study. The average age was 59.49 ± 13.33 and the FBG at admission was 7.35 ± 3.13 mmol/L. There were 16 people died of COVID-19 with an average age 68.1 ± 9.5 and the FBG was 8.94 ± 4.76 mmol/L. Regression analysis showed that there were significant association between FBG and death (HR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.02-1.24). After adjusting for covariables, the significance still exists. In addition, our result showed that FBG > 7.0 mmol/L or diabetic mellitus can significantly increase mortality after adjusting for the age and gender.Conclusions: This study suggests that FBG at admission is an effective and reliable indicator for disease prognosis in COVID-19 patients.

Download Full-text

Abstract 069: Sporadic Step Accumulation And All-cause Mortality In The Women’S Health Study: Do All Steps Count?

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Christopher C Moore ◽

Kelly R Evenson ◽

Eric J Shiroma ◽

Annie G Howard ◽

Carmen C Cuthbertson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Study ◽

Proportional Hazard ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Before And After ◽

Step Counting ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽

Restricted Cubic Splines ◽

The Relationship

Background: With the popularity of step counting and feasibility of accumulating physical activity (PA) through sporadic spurts (e.g., taking the stairs), the 2018 PA Guidelines Committee called for research to inform step-based PA recommendations by quantifying relationships between patterns of stepping and health. Purpose: To examine the relationship between daily steps accumulated outside of “bouts” (sporadic steps/d) and all-cause mortality, before and after accounting for bouted steps/d. Methods: From 2011-2015, 16,732 women (mean 72 [standard deviation 6] years) wore a hip-worn accelerometer for 7 days to assess steps and met wear time criteria. Stepping bouts were defined as ≥10 consecutive minutes at ≥40 steps/min (purposeful stepping or faster), allowing for ≤20% of time and ≤5 mins at <40 steps/min. Total steps/d were partitioned into steps accrued outside of bouts (sporadic steps/d; SS) and in bouts (bouted steps/d; BS). We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality through Dec 31, 2019 using Cox proportional hazard models fitted to SS in quartiles and using restricted cubic splines. Analyses were adjusted for covariates and repeated with further adjustment for BS, categorized as 0, 1-2000, and >2000 steps/d in bouts. Results: Adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals) in increasing quartiles of SS were 1.00 (reference); 0.63 (0.52, 0.76); 0.60 (0.49, 0.74); 0.54 (0.42, 0.70). In spline analyses, initial increases in SS corresponded to the greatest mortality reductions (Figure 1), with HRs of 0.69 (0.64, 0.76) per additional 1000 SS below 3200. After further adjusting for BS, initial 1000 steps/d increases in SS were association with HRs of 0.72 (0.66, 0.78). In increasing categories of BS, HRs adjusted for SS were 1.00 (reference); 0.91 (0.76, 1.09); 0.69 (0.56, 0.84). Conclusion: Daily step counts were inversely associated with mortality, regardless of how they were accumulated. These results can help inform step-based target PA volumes that communicate the benefits of increasing everyday walking behaviors.

Download Full-text

THE RELATIONSHIP OF MASS OF THE BODY, FISHERY LENGTH AND THE FISH – PRODUCTIVITY OF ONE-YEARS OF PIKEPERCH BY THE BREEDING THEM IN PONDS FOR CARPS

NATURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.21672/1818-507x-2017-59-2-014-021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 014-021

Author(s):

Saya K. Koyshibaeva ◽

◽

Shokhan A. Alpeyisov ◽

Evgeniy V. Fedorov ◽

Nina S. Badryzlova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Fish Productivity

Download Full-text

Epilogue

10.1093/oso/9780190653507.003.0006 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Joshua S. Walden

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

The Self ◽

The Individual ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The book’s epilogue explores the place of musical portraiture in the context of posthumous depictions of the deceased, and in relation to the so-called posthuman condition, which describes contemporary changes in the relationship of the individual with such aspects of life as technology and the body. It first examines Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo to view how Bernard Herrmann’s score relates to issues of portraiture and the depiction of the identity of the deceased. It then considers the work of cyborg composer-artist Neil Harbisson, who has aimed, through the use of new capabilities of hybridity between the body and technology, to convey something akin to visual likeness in his series of Sound Portraits. The epilogue shows how an examination of contemporary views of posthumous and posthuman identities helps to illuminate the ways music represents the self throughout the genre of musical portraiture.

Download Full-text

The Psychology of Memory in Spenser's Faerie Queene

PMLA ◽

10.2307/458020 ◽

1932 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 89-96

Author(s):

Daniel C. Boughner

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

World City ◽

Faerie Queene ◽

Extended Treatment ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Faerie Queene

From Plato and Aristotle, Hippocrates and Galen, through the medieval commentators, the Elizabethans inherited a body of complex psychological principles. An examination of these principles and their bearing on The Faerie Queene has so far been only casual and incidental. Since in Book ii, Canto ix, the poet combines one of the most widely used of medieval motifs—the conception of the body as a world, city, or castle—with certain current doctrines of psychology, such an inquiry is especially apposite. Spenser's use of the abundant contemporaneous literature of psychology affords material for an extended treatment such as that which Miss Anderson has made of Shakespeare's plays. The present study purposes to set forth one aspect of his system of psychology—his psychology of memory in the allegory of the Castle of Alma, to make clear the relationship of his system to the current Elizabethan doctrines, and to establish the purpose of certain departures from those doctrines.

Download Full-text